【双语阅读】做航次计划时的10点注意事项
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做航次计划时的10点注意事项
1. Safety first 安全第一
安全始终应该放在第一位，这也是做航次计划的主要目的之一。如果安全因素不考虑在第一位忙其他所有的计划也好，安排也好都是白搭。Passage planning is a fundamental safety-critical function; without it ships could not do what they were designed to do
2. Controlling risks安全可控
将所能预计到的危险因素尽量完全周全考虑到，一边在遇到危险时能够更好的应对，以保证航行安全。Planning ahead identifies risks and allows the navigator to better control the safety of navigation.
3. Stay alert 时刻保持警惕
许许多多的危险都是在保持警惕，运用知识和经验的情况下能够提前预判出来的。Many risks can be anticipated; however many cannot. Keeping an alert lookout is always essential.
4. Feel factor切身体会的模拟
当设计航线时，将自己融入到即将发生的航次，去用感觉切身体会一下可能会遇到的各种情况，模拟一下可能的场景，可能会有助于做出更好的计划。When passage planning or when using a passage plan, it is worth trying to ‘get a feel’ for the part of the voyage in question, in order to make better decisions.
5. Cover all bases 综合运用各种资料信息
寻找并综合运用来自引航员，各种航海出版物，各种航海安全信息当然是做好一份安全的航次计划所必要的。Local knowledge gained through pilots, sailing directions and marine safety information (MSI), should always be sought at the planning stage.
6. Adapting to change根据实际情况适时改变
改变来源于计划。一份良好的航次计划是必须的，但是有时候需要根据当地引水员，VTS的指示，实际天气海况，航次指令的更改等做出及时安全的改变。A plan is the basis for change. A good passage plan is essential, but sometimes the plan will need to be adapted, based upon new information e.g. from pilots, Vessel Traffic Services (VTS), weather or commercial changes. Be adaptable and stay safe.
7. Plan your research 学习经验
有许许多多我们能够借鉴经验的方式和途径。比如：书籍，培训课程，公司程序等。There are many good sources of good practice for passage planning, including commercial publications, training courses and company procedures.
8. Mentoring matters船长及大副的指导
船长，大副等，或是有经验的驾驶员之间一个简短的检查，或是讨论。对设计一份安全的航次计划是非常的有用和重要的。Onboard mentoring is essential for developing good passage planning and monitoring skills; take just ten minutes and give it a go.
9. Shipshape当时船舶状况
做航次计划时尤其要考虑到此时及将来船舶的自身特性，比如：吃水，当时的操作性能，前后吃水差，机器状况和操作性能。Passage plans should take into account the special characteristics of the vessel itself, including draft, manoeuvrability, squat, mechanical risks and manning levels
10. Trust your data?绝对的相信你所得到的数据信息？
不管是出版物数据还是航海仪器所得到的数据都不能成为我们所遇到的实际情况绝对依据。要用辩证的方法检验当时环境所得到的各项数据，以便将危险系数降到最低，尤其是在计算富余水深和推算船位的情况下。Always question the integrity of information used in passage planning and navigation, particularly with regards to calculating position and under keel clearance (UKC). Apply the concepts of validity, plausibility, comparison and latency to help ensure risks are minimised.
（本文为信德翻译整理，转载请注明出处）
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