【双语社评】中国与土耳其，差异远大于相似
With the rapid slump of the Turkish lira, many people think that Turkey's modernization has been hit hard and the country may fall into the middle-income trap and find it hard to get out of it.
土耳其里拉受到严重冲击，很多人认为，土的现代化进程同时遭遇重创，它有可能就此掉进中等收入陷阱，很难再爬出来。
What's happening in the Turkish economy is not alone among emerging markets. Similar currency crises occurred in South America, Asia and Russia, showing the vulnerability of emerging markets whose high-speed development also brings serious inflation that imperils them.
土经济正在上演的一幕并非新兴市场的孤例，南美、亚洲的货币都栽过类似的跟头，卢布也是一样。那些国家货币的动荡反映了新兴市场的脆弱，它们的高速发展伴随了一些严重问题的膨胀，外部的风雨一来，就剧烈摇晃了。
In a bid to cement the US' comparative advantage, Washington is unwilling to see smooth development of emerging countries and takes some actions, intentionally or not, to foster the crises that confront the latter. All developing countries have to stay alert to Washington's role. The repeated economic upheaval in emerging countries reflects the twists and turns in their modernization. They have to make more efforts than one might expect in order to change their destiny.
美国总的来说不愿意看到新兴市场国家的发展太顺利了，它会有意无意对那里危机做一些推波助澜的事情，以此巩固美国的相对优势。对美国的这一角色，所有发展中国家都需保持警惕。围绕新兴市场国家一再出现的经济危机，反映了那些国家现代化进程的曲折。它们改变命运很可能要付出比顺利时以为的那样多得多的努力。
But developing nations don't have to get nervous since nothing will change the overall trend of growing opportunities in globalized times. Their fundamental task is to enhance productivity and expand domestic consumption. As long as these countries pursue overall development, no one can constrain them.
不过发展中国家也不必过度紧张，一两次金融危机改变不了发展中国家在全球化时代有更多机会实现经济追赶的大趋势。新兴市场国家的基本任务是提高生产力，并且不断扩大本国市场自我消化生产力进步的能力，保持发展中的平衡。只要新兴市场国家有志于全面发展，就没有人能真的剥夺它们的这一权利，把它们变成飞得挺高但绳子却攥在发达经济体手里的风筝。
Some Chinese internet users recently compared Turkey to China, suggesting China may be the next Turkey. The lira crisis has alerted most Chinese, which is not a bad thing. But a judgment of the situation must be made objectively, not ideologically. Those who seemingly curse the Chinese economy may be playing an ideological game. It is almost like predicting the US economy will be the next Italy or Spain.
国内互联网上近日有一些人将土耳其的情况与中国类比，或明或暗地预言中国“早晚是下一个土耳其”。我们相信，当土耳其深陷货币危机时，多数中国人都多了一份警醒。然而对形势的判断必须客观，不能意识形态优先。一些听上去有点像是“咒”中国经济按照土耳其版本那样出事的写手，看来兴趣真的是在玩意识形态。因为他们相当于在谈论，美国将是下一个“笨猪五国”的意大利或者西班牙。
It must be noted that there are more differences than similarities in the Chinese and Turkish economies. Both countries are latecomers to emerging markets and both have experienced an overheated economy. But there's no comparison of their economic scale. China is the world's second largest economy, the largest manufacturing nation and the largest trading nation. It takes much more to carry out an effective assault against China than bring Turkey to its knees.
必须实事求是地指出，中国经济与土耳其经济的差异远大于二者的相似之处。双方的相似就在于都是新兴市场的后发国家，都伴随了一些经济过热的表现，但双方经济的重大区别在于，首先二者的经济规模完全不可同日而语，中国是第二大经济体、第一大工业产品制造国、第一大货物贸易国，对中国实施单项突击并且奏效需要有比搞垮土耳其大得多的想象力。
China has the most competitive real economy in the world as well as the fastest-growing consumer market. It is not reliant on foreign trade as much as other emerging economies and such dependence has been constantly reduced in recent years.
除此之外，中国经济的实体性是世界经济中最高的之一，而且中国的消费市场扩大得最快，经济对外贸的依存度一直没有像许多其他新兴经济体那么高，而且近年在不断降低。
China is the world's biggest holder of foreign currency reserve, which can protect China's economic stability. Beijing has been taking a proactive but cautious approach to financial liberalization. When making relevant analyses, China's political system is often mentioned, which is a crucial factor to prevent systematic risks due to its unique management, control and mobilization capabilities.
中国是第一大外汇储备国，那些外汇储备是保护中国经济平稳的战略预备队。中国一直对金融开放持积极加审慎的态度，我们的一些关键资本项目至今没有放开，保持了现阶段必要的“防火墙”。另外在进行相关分析时，通常还会提到中国政治体制，它具有的独特管控和动员力也是防范系统性风险的关键加分因素。
The Chinese people must be prepared for hardship and crisis, but they must not underestimate their capabilities and scare themselves. They must grasp the rational sense and wisdom to master the subtle differences between them. China is a major country. It will face major risks but it also has great capabilities. It takes courage, confidence and resilience during the process of emergence.
永远都保持忧患和危机意识，但也不能妄自菲薄，吓唬自己，掌握准这当中的微妙区别，是中国人必须拥有的集体理性和智慧。中国是大国，风险大，底盘也大，把中国崛起的列车开好，需要勇气、自信以及面对各种困难时的承受力。
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