每日听力｜BBC六分钟 - 6 Minute English - Football songs: crowds so quiet

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听力方法：1. 听3-5遍以上，2. 对照文本听2遍，并查5-10个单词 3. 盲听5遍以上。4. 留言处写下问题的答案。只要你留言，我就给你上墙，留言格式：昵称+天数，e.g 爱酱-Day 4. 

A football match! There's nothing like it, is there? The action, the drama, the atmosphere! Except that football fans don't seem to be singing as much as they used to and some managers are complaining it's having a negative effect on the players! So why is this happening? Follow Dan and Neil to find out and learn six related pieces of vocabulary.

This week's question:

In which decade was the first ever international football played in the world?

a) the 1870s
b) the 1890s
c) the 1910s

Listen to the programme to find out the answer.

Transcript

Note: This is not a word for word transcript

Dan
Hello and welcome to 6 Minute English. I'm Dan.

Neil
And I'm Neil.

Dan
Now, Neil, do you like going to live football matches?

Neil
Oh yes, I love it.

Dan
Is it better than watching them on TV?

Neil
Well, you don’t really see as much as you do on TV, but then on TV you don’t really feel the atmosphere. You can’t sing along with the chants and songs at home.

Dan
Well, it’s good you mentioned the songs and chants because that is today’s topic. It seems that for some football clubs, the atmosphere in the stadiums is becoming a bit ‘quiet’. Now, before we look at this topic in more detail, here is today’s quiz. As we are talking about football, in which decade was the first ever international football played?

a)    in the 1870s
b)    in the 1890s
c)    in the 1910s

Neil
I could be wrong but I think it was before the turn of the century, so I’ll say the 1890s.

Dan
Well, we'll see if you're right or not later in the show. Now, songs and chants are part of the experience of football matches. But where do they come from? What are they about? Here’s Joe Wilson from BBC Sport. Which team name does he mention?

Joe Wilson
Some songs can be witty, honed specifically to celebrate a certain player or moment in a club’s history. Others rely more on a hypnotic repetition of syllables. U-NI-TED, for example.

Dan
So, which team does he mention?

Neil
Well, he used the syllables from United. This isn’t one team as there are quite a few professional teams in Britain that have United in their names, in fact there are over a dozen. Perhaps the most well-known though would be Manchester United.

Dan
I think fans of Welling United might argue with you about that! Anyway, what did Wilson say about the nature of football songs?

Neil
He said they could be witty. Witty means funny but in a clever way. He also said that they could be honed.

Dan
Honed is an interesting word here. Something that is honed is carefully crafted, skilfully created and developed over a period of time.

Neil
When it comes to witty football songs Wilson describes them as being honed to be about a particular player, or a moment in a club’s history. But these aren’t the only kinds of songs. Another kind of song he describes is the hypnotic repetition of syllables.

Dan
Something that is hypnotic repeats again and again – like a magical spell or chant. What’s interesting is that in football songs words can have more syllables than you would expect.

Neil
Oh yes, for example, let’s take England. Two syllables, right?

Dan
Right!

Neil
Wrong! At least in a football stadium it becomes three syllables. Eng – ger – land, Eng – ger – land …

Dan
Alright! Thank you! Let’s listen to Mr Wilson again.

Joe Wilson
Some songs can be witty, honed specifically to celebrate a certain player or moment in a club’s history. Others rely more on a hypnotic repetition of syllables. U-NI-TED, for example.

Dan
Now, apparently, in many stadiums, the crowds aren’t singing as much as they used to. Some managers have complained that the fans are too quiet and that this has a negative effect on the players. So what are some of the reasons for this? Here’s BBC Sport’s Joe Wilson again. How many reasons does he mention?

Joe Wilson
The decline in singing may be explained by changing demographics in football attendance. Older supporters, more expensive tickets. Or by stadium design. All-seater arenas may discourage the instinct to stand up and sing.

Dan
So, what reasons did he give for the decline in singing, for the fact that singing is getting less common.

Neil
He gave a number of reasons. He talked about the change in demographics. Demographics refers to a section of the population that do a particular thing. It can refer to age groups or wealth, for example.

Dan
What Wilson says is that the members that make up a football crowd are changing. They are older and wealthier, and perhaps that is a demographic or group that is less likely to sing in public.

Neil
Another reason he gives is that sitting down might also discourage people from singing. If something discourages you, it makes you not want to do it. Most stadiums in the UK have to have seats and maybe singing is something that people feel happier doing when they are standing up.

Dan
Well the final whistle is about to blow on today’s programme. Before that though, here’s the answer to our quiz question. I asked you when the first international football match took place.

Neil
And I took a guess with the 1890s.

Dan
And that's a red card, I'm afraid, Neil. The first international football match took place in the 1870s between England and Scotland.

Neil
Oh, come on ref!

Dan
And now, to take us to the whistle, let's review today’s vocabulary.

Neil
The first word we had was witty. A kind of humour that is smart and clever.

Dan
Then we had honed for something that is crafted and improved over time. A bit like my physique. I’ve been honing my body in the gym.

Neil
Really? Are you being witty?

Dan
I wasn’t trying to! Anyhow, we then heard about hypnotic repetition to describe the effect of thousands of people repeating the syllables of a football team over and over and over and over and over and over and over…

Neil
OK, Dan! OK, Dan! We use the phrase a decline in to say that something is getting less.

Dan
Demographics refers to a group or section of the population that is involved a particular activity.

Neil
And finally we had the verb discourage for something that makes us less likely to do something.

Dan
Well, that is it for this programme. If you’re not interested in football, I hope we didn’t discourage you from listening again!

Neil
Indeed, I hope it doesn’t lead to a decline in our audience. We want to have as wide a demographic as possible.

Dan
So with that in mind, don't forget to find us on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and YouTube, and of course, on our website – bbclearninenglish.com! Bye!

Neil
Goodbye!

Vocabulary

witty
humorous in a smart and clever way

honed
crafted and improved over time

hypnotic
repeating again and again

a decline in
getting less

demographics
groups or sections of the population involved in a particular activity

discourage
make someone less likely to do something

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