TED学院 | 世界第一“扒手”的TED演讲：你们的注意力不堪一击！
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你觉得人的注意力是可控制的吗？如果有人可以控制你的注意力会发生什么？Apollo Robbins是一位专业魔术师，他研究魔术已经超过25年。在魔术界，他被誉为传奇。但他更引人注意的名号是世界第一“扒手”。2001年，他偷走了美国第39任总统吉米·卡特特勤人员的徽章，甚至还有车队的钥匙。
Apollo小的时候，同父异母的哥哥教他如何从街上的人身上偷东西。2006年他创建了Whizmob Inc，这是一个由罪犯和有过前科的人组成的组织，教军方和执法部门如何发现微妙的欺诈和诈骗趋势。Apollo还与学者合作，试图了解意识和注意力是如何被操纵的。Apollo Robbins是研究人类注意力的大师，他的演讲更像是一场表演，代入感超强。
Do you think it's possible to control someone's attention? Even more than that, what about predicting human behavior? I think those are interesting ideas. For me, that would be the perfect superpower, actually kind of an evil way of approaching it. But for myself, in the past, I've spent the last 20 years studying human behavior from a rather unorthodox way: picking pockets. When we think of misdirection, we think of something as looking off to the side, when actually the things right in front of us are often the hardest to see, the things that you look at every day that you're blinded to.
你们觉得人的注意力是可控制的吗？或者更进一步，人的行为可预知吗？如果可以的话，我觉得这些想法很有趣。对我来说，这些会是完美的超能力，只不过是有点邪恶罢了。过去20年，我一直在用一种非传统的方式观察人类行为：过去20年，我一直在用一种非传统的方式观察人类行为：小偷小摸。提到错误引导，我们总觉得是将注意力放在事物的其他方面，但实际上，往往在我们眼前的事情是最难被发现的，那些你天天看到的东西反而是你的盲点。
For example, how many of you still have your cell phones on you right now? Great. Double-check. Make sure you still have them. I was doing some shopping before.
举个例子，现场有多少人身上带了手机？很好，再检查一遍，确保手机还在身上，因为我刚才在场下转了转。
You've looked at them a few times today, but I'll ask you a question. Without looking at it directly yet, can you remember the icon in the bottom right corner? Bring them out, check and see how accurate you were. How'd you do? Show of hands. Did we get it?
你今天估计已经看过好几次手机了，但我接下来要问你们一个问题。不要看你的手机，你能记得屏幕右下角是什么图标吗？现在拿出手机，看一下，你猜对了吗？怎么样？猜对的请举手。
Now that you're done, close them down. Every phone has something in common. No matter how you organize the icons, you still have a clock on the front. So, without looking at your phone, what time was it? You just looked at your clock, right? Interesting idea. Let's take that a step further with a game of trust. Close your eyes. I realize I'm asking you to do that while you just heard there's a pickpocket in the room, but close your eyes.
好了，请放下手机。每一部手机都有一个共同点，那就是无论你如何整理图标，你的首页都会显示时间。那么，不看手机，现在几点了？你们之前刚刚看了时间，不是吗？非常有意思。接下来，我们把这个游戏更进一步。闭上眼睛。我意识到我刚才告诉你们我是个小偷，现在却要让你们闭眼睛，但还是请闭上。
Now, you've been watching me for about 30 seconds. With your eyes closed, what am I wearing? Make your best guess. What color is my shirt? What color is my tie? Now open your eyes. Show of hands, were you right? Interesting, isn't it?
到目前为止，你们观察我已经至少有30秒了。请告诉我，我穿的什么衣服？尽力想。我的衬衫是什么颜色？领带是什么颜色？现在请睁开眼睛。如果你猜对了，请举手。很有趣对不对？
Some of us are a little bit more perceptive than others, it seems. But I have a different theory about that model of attention. They have fancy models of attention, Posner's trinity model of attention. For me, I like to think of it very simple, like a surveillance system. It's kind of like you have all these fancy sensors, and inside your brain is a little security guard. For me, I like to call him Frank. So Frank is sitting at a desk. He's got lots of cool information in front of him, high-tech equipment, he's got cameras, he's got a little phone that he can pick up, listen to the ears, all these senses, all these perceptions. But attention is what steers your perceptions, it's what controls your reality. It's the gateway to the mind. If you don't attend to something, you can't be aware of it. But ironically, you can attend to something without being aware of it. For example, the cocktail effect: You're in a party, having conversations with someone, and yet you can recognize your name without realizing you were listening to that.
有些人的感知能力比其他人要强一些，至少看起来是这样。关于这种注意力模式，我有另外一种解释。注意力模式的理论有很多，比如波斯纳的三位一体注意力模式。我喜欢把它想得简单一点，就像一个监视系统。就好像你有许许多多的感觉器官，在你的大脑内有一个小小保安人员，我先暂且把它称作弗兰克。弗兰克坐在桌子旁，他眼前有各种各样的信息，高科技装置，照相机，还有能接听讯息的手机，各种感觉和知觉。但是注意力是能引导你的认知的东西，它掌控你看到的现实，它是通往你的心灵的大门。如果你不注意某个东西，你就不会察觉到它。有意思的是，你也会在自己不察觉的情况下注意到某个东西。这就是为什么会有鸡尾酒效应：所谓鸡尾酒效应，是指当你在一个派对上专心与某人交谈时，却能立马听到你的名字，而你都没有意识到自己在听那个另外的对话。
Now, for my job, I have to play with techniques to exploit this, to play with your attention as a limited resource. So if I could control how you spend your attention, if I could maybe steal your attention through a distraction. Now, instead of doing it like misdirection and throwing it off to the side, instead, what I choose to focus on is Frank, to be able to play with the Frank inside your head, your security guard, and get you, instead of focusing on your external senses, just to go internal for a second.
我的工作就是充分利用这个效应，玩弄你们有限的注意力。来看看我能不能控制你支配自己的注意力的方式，看看我能不能通过干扰来窃取你的注意力。现在，与其进行错误引导并将其转移到其他方面，我选择的是专注于弗兰克，与你脑中的弗兰克，也就是那个小保安，游戏一场，与你脑中的弗兰克，也就是那个小保安，游戏一场，让你暂时不专注于外部感知，而是专注于内部感知。
So if I ask you to access a memory, like, what is that? What just happened? Do you have a wallet? Do you have an American Express in your wallet? And when I do that, your Frank turns around. He accesses the file. He has to rewind the tape. What's interesting is, he can't rewind the tape at the same time that he's trying to process new data.
如果我让你读取一段记忆，比如：这是什么？刚才发生了什么？你有钱包吗？你钱包里有运通卡（信用卡）吗？当我问这些问题的时候，弗兰克转过身去，他去找资料，他必须倒带。但有趣的是，他在处理新信息的时候不能进行倒带这一任务。
This sounds like a good theory, but I could talk for a long time, tell you lots of things, and a portion of them may be true, but I think it's better if I tried to show that to you here live. If I come down, I'm going to do a bit of shopping. Just hold still where you are.
这听起来是个挺棒的理论，我可以讲很久，告诉你们很多东西，它们中有一些可能是真的，但是我认为当场演示效果会更好。所以如果我走下台，我又要逛一下了。请保持原地不动。
互动部分请看视频~
So, same question I asked you before, but this time you don't have to close your eyes. What am I wearing?
那么，我想再问一遍最开始的问题，但这次不需要你们闭上眼睛，我今天穿了什么？
Attention is a powerful thing. Like I said, it shapes your reality. So, I guess I'd like to pose that question to you. If you could control somebody's attention, what would you do with it?
注意力是非常强大的东西。正如我之前所说的，它决定了你的现实世界。所以，我想问大家一个问题，如果你能控制一个人的注意力，你会用它做什么？
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