GMAT | 英文写作：如何准确使用标点符号

翻译 / 铁板神猴

来源 / Foreign Website

GMAT写作中，你能否注意到这些Formal Writing的基本常识，又是否知道，英文标点的使用方式和中文标点是截然不同的。本文特意整理了多数英文标点的标准使用方式，并作了中文译作。便于收藏，写作时可以随时参考学习哦。

Quotation marks - 引号("")

a. Use quotation mark to enclose what someone says.

- 直接引用别人的话

b. Do not use quotation marks with indirect quotations.

- 使用引号("")时请勿放入非直接引用的话（比如他人转述或编辑过的内容）

c. If a quotation is half direct and half indirect, do not use quotation marks unless you want to emphasize the quotation

- 如果不是完全直接引用的原话，请不要使用引号(""), 除非你想刻意强调它。

d. Thoughts or questions in someone’s mind (in other words, ideas not spoken out loud) do not need quotation marks.

- 某人心里的想法或疑问（换句话说，没有直接说出来的话）并不需要引号("")。

e. Use quotation marks for definitions.

f. Use quotation marks for sayings.

- 某个概念的定义，和名言谚语，使用引号("")。

g. Use quotation marks for labels, markings, signs, etc.

- 标签、标记、记号等。

例句：Label this container “good toys” and that one “broken toys.”

h. Use quotation marks to indicate the clever or silly use of a word.

- 使用引号暗示某些词更聪明，或故意显得傻气的用法。

标点符号和双引号的位置：

1. Commas and periods always go inside the quotation mark.

- 英文标点中，逗号(, )和句号(. )永远在双引号("")的里面。

2. Colons and semicolons always go outside the quotation mark.

- 冒号(: )和分号(; )永远在引号("")的外面。

3. If a quotation is within a quotation, use single quotation marks around it.

- 如果引用的话中还有引用的内容，那么使用单引号(' ')。

Ellipses 省略号(…)

a. Use an ellipsis to indicate that some words have been left out of a quotation.

- 使用省略号说明引用的话中，有一部分被省略了。

b. Use an ellipsis to indicate that something unwritten came earlier.

- 使用省略号说明，此前还有段话没写出来。

例句: “… I do,” said Mimi.

c. Use an ellipsis to indicate a sentence trailing off.

- 使用省略号提示，还有一句话“未完待续”。（比如，某一页书的最后一句放了省略号）

Imagine this as the final sentence of a book chapter—it entices you to turn the page to read what happens next:

Tom and Carlos were camping in the woods, asleep in their tent, when they heard it—the sound…

d. Use an ellipsis to indicate a long, slow break.

- 暗示有一段时间较长、较缓慢的暂停。

Long, slow break: There it was again…that soft but eerie sound.

Fast, crisp break:

There it was again - that loud, crashing sound.

4. If only yes or no is quoted, you do not have to use quotation marks.

- 如果引用的只有Yes或No，不必使用双引号("")。

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