.NET Core+Topshelf+Quartz创建Windows定时任务服务

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转自：丨秋风扫落叶 

cnblogs.com/fast-song/p/11764304.html

准备工作

创建.NET Core 控制台应用程序，这里不做过多介绍

• 添加TopShelf包：TopShelf；

• 添加Quartz包：Quartz、Quartz.Plugins；

• 添加依赖注入包：Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection；

• 添加读取配置文件包：Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.Json；

• 添加访问数据库包：Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore；

• 添加日志包：Serilog、Serilog.Sinks.Console、Serilog.Sinks.File

配置Quartz

创建appsettings.json文件，右键文件属性，并更改属性为始终复制 内容

{
"quartz": {
    "scheduler": {
      "instanceName": "Job"
    },
    "threadPool": {
      "type": "Quartz.Simpl.SimpleThreadPool, Quartz",
      "threadPriority": "Normal",
      "threadCount": 10
    },
    "plugin": {
      "jobInitializer": {
        "type": "Quartz.Plugin.Xml.XMLSchedulingDataProcessorPlugin, Quartz.Plugins",
        "fileNames": "quartz_jobs.xml"
      }
    }
  }
}

创建QuartzOption 类

namespace Job
{
    public class QuartzOption
    {
        public QuartzOption(IConfiguration config)
        {
            if (config == null)
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(config));
            }
            var section = config.GetSection("quartz");
            section.Bind(this);
        }
        public Scheduler Scheduler { get; set; }
        public ThreadPool ThreadPool { get; set; }
        public Plugin Plugin { get; set; }
        public NameValueCollection ToProperties()
        {
            var properties = new NameValueCollection
            {
                ["quartz.scheduler.instanceName"] = Scheduler?.InstanceName,
                ["quartz.threadPool.type"] = ThreadPool?.Type,
                ["quartz.threadPool.threadPriority"] = ThreadPool?.ThreadPriority,
                ["quartz.threadPool.threadCount"] = ThreadPool?.ThreadCount.ToString(),
                ["quartz.plugin.jobInitializer.type"] = Plugin?.JobInitializer?.Type,
                ["quartz.plugin.jobInitializer.fileNames"] = Plugin?.JobInitializer?.FileNames
            };
            return properties;
        }
    }
    public class Scheduler
    {
        public string InstanceName { get; set; }
    }
    public class ThreadPool
    {
        public string Type { get; set; }
        public string ThreadPriority { get; set; }
        public int ThreadCount { get; set; }
    }
    public class Plugin
    {
        public JobInitializer JobInitializer { get; set; }
    }
    public class JobInitializer
    {
        public string Type { get; set; }
        public string FileNames { get; set; }
    }
}

添加一个Job

namespace Job
{
    public class SyncJob : IJob
    {
        private readonly IService _service;
        public SyncJob(IService service)
        {
            _service = service;
        }
        public async Task Execute(IJobExecutionContext context)
        {
            Log.Information("同步开始...");
            _service.DoSomeThing();
        }
    }
}

实现IJobFactory

namespace Job
{
    public class JobFactory : IJobFactory
    {
        protected readonly IServiceProvider Container;
        public JobFactory(IServiceProvider container)
        {
            Container = container;
        }
        public IJob NewJob(TriggerFiredBundle bundle, IScheduler scheduler)
        {
            return Container.GetService(bundle.JobDetail.JobType) as IJob;
        }
        public void ReturnJob(IJob job)
        {
            (job as IDisposable)?.Dispose();
        }
    }
}

创建Quartz调度的配置文件 quartz_jobs.xml

文件名与appsetting中的quartz.plugin.jobInitializer.fileNames 保持一致

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<job-scheduling-data xmlns="http://quartznet.sourceforge.net/JobSchedulingData"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                     version="2.0">
  <processing-directives>
    <overwrite-existing-data>true</overwrite-existing-data>
  </processing-directives>
  <schedule>
    <job>
      <name>SyncJob</name>
      <group>SyncGroup</group>
      <description>数据同步任务</description>
      <job-type>Mille.Job.SyncJob, Mille.Job</job-type>
      <durable>true</durable>
      <recover>false</recover>
    </job>
    <trigger>
      <cron>
        <name>SyncTrigger</name>
        <group>SyncGroup</group>
        <description>同步触发器</description>
        <job-name>SyncDJob</job-name>
        <job-group>SyncGroup</job-group>
         <!--每晚23：50跑一次，具体参见cron表达式-->
        <cron-expression>0 50 23 ? * *</cron-expression>
      </cron>
    </trigger>
    <!--<trigger>
      <simple>
        <name>SyncTrigger</name>
        <group>SyncGroup</group>
        <description>数据同步触发器</description>
        <job-name>SyncJob</job-name>
        <job-group>SyncGroup</job-group>
        <repeat-count>-1</repeat-count>
        2s跑一次
        <repeat-interval>2000</repeat-interval>
      </simple>
    </trigger>-->
  </schedule>
</job-scheduling-data>

添加一个类，此类用户服务启动调用

namespace Job
{
    public class SyncService
    {
        public async Task StartAsync()
        {
            var provider = RegisterServices();
            Scheduler = provider.GetService(typeof(IScheduler)) as IScheduler;
            await Scheduler.Start();
            Log.Information("Quartz调度已启动...");
        }
        public async Task StopAsync()
        {
            await Scheduler.Shutdown();
            Log.Information("Quartz调度结束...");
            Log.CloseAndFlush();
        }
        #region Utils
        private IScheduler Scheduler { get; set; }
        private static ServiceProvider RegisterServices()
        {
            Log.Information("配置依赖注入...");
            var configuration = ReadFromAppSettings();
            var services = new ServiceCollection();
            #region 
            services.AddScoped<SyncService>();
            services.AddDbContext<DataContext>(opt => opt.UseMySql(configuration.GetConnectionString("ConnStr")));
            services.AddScoped<IService,Service>();
            #endregion

            #region Quartz
            Log.Information("配置Quartz...");
            services.AddScoped<IJobFactory, JobFactory>();
            services.AddSingleton(service =>
            {
                var option = new QuartzOption(configuration);
                var sf = new StdSchedulerFactory(option.ToProperties());
                var scheduler = sf.GetScheduler().Result;
                scheduler.JobFactory = service.GetService<IJobFactory>();
                return scheduler;
            });
            services.AddScoped<SyncJob>(); 
            //此处不能写成services.AddScoped<IJob,SyncJob>(); 会造成在找不到SyncJob
            #endregion
            var provider = services.BuildServiceProvider();
            return provider;
        }
        private static IConfigurationRoot ReadFromAppSettings()
        {
            //读取appsettings.json
            return new ConfigurationBuilder()
                .SetBasePath(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory())
                .AddJsonFile("appsettings.json", false)
                .Build();
        }
        #endregion
    }
}

配置TopShelf

详情参见 https://topshelf.readthedocs.io/en/latest/configuration/quickstart.html

namespace Job
{
    public class Program
    {
        public static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            InstanceLog();
            var rc = HostFactory.Run(x =>
            {
                x.Service<SyncService>(s =>
                {
                    s.ConstructUsing(name => new SyncService());
                    s.WhenStarted(async tc => await tc.StartAsync()); //调用此方法前勿有太多操作，会造成服务启动失败
                    s.WhenStopped(async tc => await tc.StopAsync());
                });
                x.RunAsLocalSystem();
                x.SetDescription("SyncJob Description");
                x.SetDisplayName("SyncJob DisplayName");
                x.SetServiceName("SyncJob ServiceName");
            });
            var exitCode = (int)Convert.ChangeType(rc, rc.GetTypeCode());
            Environment.ExitCode = exitCode;
        }
        private static void InstanceLog()
        {
            //配置Serilog
            var template = "{Timestamp:HH:mm:ss} [{Level:u3}] {Message}{NewLine}{Exception}";
            Log.Logger = new LoggerConfiguration()
                .WriteTo.File(path: "logs/log.txt", outputTemplate: template, rollingInterval: RollingInterval.Day)
                .WriteTo.Console(LogEventLevel.Information)
                .CreateLogger();
        }
    }
}

然后在项目文件中加上项目的运行环境相关配置

<PropertyGroup>
    <OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
    <TargetFramework>netcoreapp3.0</TargetFramework>
    <RuntimeIdentifier>win7-x64</RuntimeIdentifier>//不同的环境RID不同
</PropertyGroup>

运行

编译项目之后，进入到/bin/Debug/netcoreapp3.0/win7-x64目录，在此处以管理员运行cmd，然后执行 依次Job.exe install 安装服务， Job.exe start 启动服务

如果遇到启动服务时报 1053错误：服务没有及时响应启动或控制请求。检查Start函数调用之前是否还有其他操作，如有，请将这些操作移动到Start调用后执行；本人就是由于在Start之前执行了依赖注入等操作，导致服务启动失败，故写下这篇文章

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