摄影艺术于1839年问世，直至19世纪50年代，随着新的照相印纸以及湿版火棉胶技术的发展才得以被推广。
19世纪晚期，随着国外摄影艺术家的到来，摄影在中国盛行起来。诸多中国城市的传统面貌，也通过这些西方摄影艺术家的镜头，得以保存下来。
Photography began in 1839 and was not popularized until the 1850s with the development of new photographic paper and wet collodion techniques. During the late 19th century, photography flourished in China with the arrival of foreign photographic artists. And the traditional look of China has been captured by the foreign artists.
2006年，英国布里斯托大学发起了一项“中国历史老照片”项目，旨在收集和数字化管理英国私人收藏的大量关于中国的老照片。
In 2006, the University of Bristol of England began the 'Historical Photographs of China' project which aims to collect and digitize photographs of China owned privately by British people.
目前已经收录1840年至新中国成立前22000多张关于中国的老照片，其中不乏有关广州的历史照片。这些珍贵的老照片，记录了晚清至民国时期广州的城市风貌、风土人情、传统习俗等等。
Now, more than 22,000 photos of China taken between 1840 and 1949 have been collected in the project, including some historical photos of Canton(Guangzhou). These historical photos record landscape, buildings, lifestyle, customs of Guangzhou from the late Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China.
小编整理这批老照片后发现惊喜多多，未来我们将在多期持续呈现广州的旧日面貌。
今天，让我们先走进“中国历史老照片”项目收藏照片的第一篇——“城市旧貌”篇，好好领略一下百多年前的广州的标志性建筑和景观。
Today, let’s take a close look at some historical photos taken in Guangzhou, through which we can get a glimpse of the landmarks and cityscape of Guangzhou at that time.
01
珠江 The Pearl River
珠江，是广州标志性景观之一，清朝时期沿江可见逐水而居的民房和成片的疍家船。
The Pear River is the iconic landscape of Guangzhou. There were houses and a large number of boat dwellers along the river during the Qing Dynasty.
广州珠江，船只云集，可见广州港口之繁华，约摄于1880-1890年之间。Boats on the Pearl River, Canton, 1880-1890. Image courtesy of University of Bristol Library Collection and Historical Photographs of China, University of Bristol (www.hpcbristol.net).
广州珠江，约摄于1921-1923年。View of the Pearl River, Canton, 1921-1923. Image courtesy of Davidson, Francis Collection and Historical Photographs of China, University of Bristol (www.hpcbristol.net).
02
广州城门 City gates of Guangzhou
广州正北门，今称大北门，在今解放北路与盘福路相交处，是明代合筑三城时，把象岗山凿开个缺口建成的，所以在所有城门中地势最高，摄于1893年。Looking over tiled roofs toward Canton city wall and gate, 1893. Image courtesy of Edward Bangs Drew Collection and Historical Photographs of China, University of Bristol (www.hpcbristol.net).
远眺广州城，远处为正南门，又称大南门，位于今北京路与大南路相交处，因在省城中轴线上，门内外都是官府大道，摄于1921年。Rooftop view of a street in Canton, and the South Gate of the city in the distance, 1921. Image courtesy of Trobridge, George Collection and Historical Photographs of China, University of Bristol (www.hpcbristol.net).
03
越秀山和镇海楼 Yuexiu Hill and Zhenhai Tower
广州观音山（现在的越秀山）和镇海楼，约摄于1870年。Kun Yam Hill (Yuexiu Hill) and Zhenhai Tower, Guangzhou, photograph by A Chan (Ya Zhen) in 1870. Image courtesy of Bayley, Arthur Collection and Historical Photographs of China, University of Bristol (www.hpcbristol.net).
广州镇海楼，约摄于1880-1890年间。Zhenhai Tower, Canton, 1880-1890. Image courtesy of University of Bristol Library Collection and Historical Photographs of China, University of Bristol (www.hpcbristol.net).
广州镇海楼，摄于1893年。Zhenhai Tower, Canton, 1893. Image courtesy of Edward Bangs Drew Collection and Historical Photographs of China, University of Bristol (www.hpcbristol.net).
广州镇海楼和城墙，约摄于1910-1913年。Zhenhai Tower and city wall, Guangzhou, Guangzhou, 1910-1913. Image courtesy of Rue, Henry Collection and Historical Photographs of China, University of Bristol (www.hpcbristol.net).
04
六榕寺花塔 The Flower Pagoda
六榕花塔保留了宋代建筑的形态，也是岭南地区现存最高的宋代古塔。
First built about 1,500 years ago in Southern and Northern Dynasties, the Flower Pagoda was destroyed by fire around the 10th century, along with the temple.
从外部看，整座花塔像是花朵叠成的一根花柱，塔顶则像一朵花蕊。从空中俯瞰，整座塔就如同一朵盛开的莲花，所以被广州街坊亲切地称为“花塔”。
In 1097 in the Northern Song Dynasty, the pagoda was rebuilt on the previous site. The pagoda looks gorgeous with different bright colors and shines under the sunlight, for which people start calling it the Flower Pagoda.
广州六榕寺花塔，约摄于1863年。The Flower Pagoda, Guangzhou, 1863. Image courtesy of Vacher-Hilditch Collection and Historical Photographs of China, University of Bristol (www.hpcbristol.net).
广州六榕寺花塔和周边居民建筑，约摄于1870年。The Flower Pagoda and rooftops, Guangzhou, photograph by A Chan (Ya Zhen) in 1870. Image courtesy of Bayley, Arthur Collection and Historical Photographs of China, University of Bristol (www.hpcbristol.net).
俯瞰广州城，远处珠江帆影，近处古城楼房，六榕寺花塔矗立，约摄于1870年。Overview of Guangzhou, 1870. Image courtesy of Vacher-Hilditch Collection and Historical Photographs of China, University of Bristol (www.hpcbristol.net).
广州六榕寺花塔，摄于1880-1890年间。The Flower Pagoda, Guangzhou, 1880-1890. Image courtesy of University of Bristol Library Collection and Historical Photographs of China, University of Bristol (www.hpcbristol.net).
05
琶洲塔 Pazhou Pagoda
琶洲塔，广州现存的古塔之一，建于明万历二十八年(1600年)，塔为八角形楼阁式砖塔。
The octagonal Pazhou Pagoda was first built in 1600 in the Ming dynasty on Pipa Zhou, an islet in the shape of a Chinese lute located 2-3 kilometers away from the north shore of the Pearl River.
传说当年珠江中常有金鳌浮出，所以原称“海鳌塔”，故可能也有保佑学子高中的“独占鳌头”之意；又因建塔的山岗为两山相连如琵琶，故称为“琶洲塔”，与西邻赤岗塔相呼应，成为珠江经广州出海口的风水双塔。
Pazhou Pagoda, along with Chigang Pagoda nearby, might be built at first for the reason of "Fengshui (geomancy)", but turned out to have served as beacons for merchant ships sailing towards Guangzhou via the ancient Maritime Silk Road.
广州琶洲塔，塔的前面是海棠寺，摄于1875年。The Pazhou Pagoda (Whampoa Pagoda) and Haitang Temple, Guangzhou, 1875. Image courtesy of Royal Hampshire Regiment Collection and Historical Photographs of China, University of Bristol
06
万寿宫 The Emperor’s Temple
广州万寿宫（现文明路的工人文化宫），建于康熙五十二年（1713年），位于广州旧城文明门一带。每逢正月初一和皇帝、皇后的寿诞，广州的文武官员都要齐聚万寿宫朝拜皇帝和皇后的牌位。
Built in 1713 during the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty, the Emperor’s Temple (present-day Worker's Cultural Palace at Wenming Lu, Yuexiu district), functioned as a place to worship the emperors.
广州万寿宫，约摄于1880-1890年间。The Emperor’s Temple, Guangzhou, 1880-1890. Image courtesy of University of Bristol Library Collection and Historical Photographs of China, University of Bristol (www.hpcbristol.net).
07
广东贡院 Guangdong Examination Hall
广东贡院，清代四大贡院之一，古代乡试、会试的考场，即开科取士的地方。广东贡院最早在宋淳祐年间(1241-1252)建于广州城西。
清康熙二十三年(1684年)，清广东巡抚李士桢将贡院迁居于城南承恩里（今文明路）兴建，如今仅剩明远楼（今鲁迅纪念馆内）。
The Guangdong Gongyuan, or Guangdong Examination Hall, was originally built in the western part of Guangzhou city in the Song Dynasty, and moved to the location of today's Wenming Lu in the 23rd year of Emperor Kangxi's reign in the Qing Dynasty. Now only the Mingyuan Building remains.
广东贡院，远处是如今尚存的明远楼，两旁是号舍，摄于1880-1890年间。The Imperial examination cubicles, Canton, 1880-1890. Image courtesy of University of Bristol Library Collection and Historical Photographs of China, University of Bristol (www.hpcbristol.net).
08
沙面岛 Shameen Island
沙面，曾称拾翠洲，因为是珠江冲积而成的沙洲，故名沙面，位于广州市市区西南部，南濒珠江白鹅潭，北隔沙基涌。
Shameen Island, previous known as Shicuizhou, is an elliptic sandbar in the Liwan district of Guangzhou. From the Song to the Qing Dynasty, it served as an important port for Guangzhou's foreign trade.
这个面积仅有0.3平方公里的小岛，在宋、元、明、清时期为中国国内外通商要津和游览地。鸦片战争后，在清咸丰十一年(1861年)后沦为英、法租界，有十多个国家相继在此设立领事馆。
After the second Opium Wars (1856-1860), the territory was divided into two concessions, given to France and the United Kingdom. It was then embanked and turned into a prosperous foreign enclavewith western-style buildings.
广州沙面堂，摄于1896年。Christ Church, Shameen, Canton, 1896. Image courtesy of Carrall Family Collection and Historical Photographs of China, University of Bristol (www.hpcbristol.net).
广州英格兰桥（今沙面西桥）和沙基涌，摄于19世纪20年代。The English Bridge and Shameen Creek, Canton, 1920s. Image courtesy of Trobridge, George Collection and Historical Photographs of China, University of Bristol (www.hpcbristol.net).
停靠在沙面岛埠头的小船，摄于1893年。Sampans on waterfront, Canton, 1893. Image courtesy of Edward Bangs Drew Collection and Historical Photographs of China, University of Bristol (www.hpcbristol.net).
09
石室圣心大教堂 The Sacred Heart Cathedral
石室圣心大教堂始建于1863年，落成于1888年，历时25年始建成，至今有130多年的历史。它是天主教广州教区最大教堂，也是国内现存最宏伟的双尖塔哥特式建筑之一。
The Sacred Heart Cathedral, also known as the Stone House by locals, is a Gothic Revival Roman Catholic cathedral in Guangzhou. With a history of over 130 years, the cathedral is the largest Roman Catholic church in the Guangzhou archdiocese and the largest cathedral with Gothic style in China and Southeast Asia.
广州石室圣心大教堂，摄于1893年。Looking over tiled roofs toward church steeples, Canton, 1893. Image courtesy of Edward Bangs Drew Collection and Historical Photographs of China, University of Bristol (www.hpcbristol.net).
10
车歪炮台 Chewai Fort
流经广州的珠江，到了白鹅潭开始分为南北两个航道，车歪炮台正处于南航道上，遗址在今广州南石头附近珠江中流的龟岗岛上。
Built in 1817 on Guigang Islet(near present-day Nanshitou, Haizhu district) in the Qing Dynasty, Chewai Fort was situated on the south channel of the Pearl River and played an important role in resisting the invasion of British warships in Guangzhou during the First Opium War.
始建于清嘉庆二十二年（1817年），该炮台在第一次鸦片战争中扼守珠江要道，在抵御英国军舰入侵广州中起到过战斗堡垒的作用，有“珠江咽喉”之称。
西方人习惯把广州珠江南航道（白鹅潭到丫髻沙）称为“澳门水道”，因此，车歪炮台又被称“澳门炮台”。
Back then, foreigners used to call the south channel of the Pearl River as Macao Waterway. That’s why the fort was called Macao Fort as well.
广州澳门炮台（亦称作车歪炮台），摄于1893年。Macao Fort, the Pearl River, Canton, 1893. Image courtesy of Edward Bangs Drew Collection and Historical Photographs of China, University of Bristol (www.hpcbristol.net).
Editor: Yuan
Source：英国布里斯托大学中国历史老照片项目(www.hpcbristol.net)