7个魔幻残局（六） 局面大师斯梅斯洛夫

7 Chess Endgame Magicians‎

继续连载chess.com上的一篇文章：7 Chess Endgame Magicians‎，作者是ColinStapczynski。

 分章节介绍

06

斯梅斯洛夫

斯梅斯洛夫（Vasily Smyslov，1921—2010），前苏联特级大师，在1957年国际象棋世界冠军赛上战胜鲍特维尼克，成为第七位世界冠军。他也是获得奥赛奖牌最多的世界纪录保持者，足足有17枚！纵横棋坛四十年，他以高超局面判断和引擎式的残局功夫而闻名天下。

上图是斯梅斯洛夫执白与科尔奇诺伊的一场对战，鳕鱼引擎评判是0.00，如果让我来选择，我更乐意选黑方。现在我们已经知道，即使是非常均势的局面，大师也能也能走出花来。只用了三步：

26. ... Ra1 27. Kf1  Rb1 28. Ke2 Nd5!? 谁能想到黑方这步跳马能惹出麻烦？

29... Rh1 30. h4 f5 31. Rd1! 这步兑车让黑方陷入了绝境，把车兑了b4的兵就成了弱点，不兑吧黑车只能藏在h2,h3里动弹不得。

31... Rh2 32. Ne5 Nf6 33. Nf3 Rh3 黑车选择不兑，白马回踩，没办法黑车继续往里缩。

34. Rd8+ Kf7 35. Ne5+ Ke7 36. Nc6+  Kf7 37. Nxb4 Ne4 38. Nd3   随着一系列的车马组合拳，白方顺利吃掉了b4兵，得到了一个过路兵，局面顿时变优。其余部分见视频。

斯梅斯洛夫在这盘棋中的走法值得进一步研究。似乎是以动制动。

一旦黑方的车困在h2，白方只需盘活自己的棋子，就能赢得b4兵。然后再利用b4兵作为诱饵，将黑方的王引诱到的错误一侧。耐心而精准的局面功夫值得称赞。

全局视频和棋谱

[Event "Leningrad-Moscow"]

[Site "Leningrad URS"]

[Date "1967.05.??"]

[Round "?"]

[White "Vasily Smyslov"]

[Black "Viktor Korchnoi"]

[Result "1-0"]

[EventDate "?"]

[ECO "E10"]

[WhiteElo "?"]

[BlackElo "?"]

[PlyCount "147"]

1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nf3 d5 4. g3 dxc4 5. Qa4+ Nbd7 6. Bg2 a6 7. Qxc4 c5 8. Qc2

b5 9. O-O Bb7 10. a4 Be7 11. dxc5 Bxc5 12. Bg5 Qb6 13. Bxf6 Nxf6 14. axb5 axb5

15. Rxa8+ Bxa8 16. Nc3 O-O 17. e3 Rc8 18. Qd3 b4 19. Na4 Qc6 20. Nxc5 Qxc5 21.

Rd1 h6 22. Qd4 Qc2 23. Ne1 Qe2 24. Bxa8 Rxa8 25. Qd2 Qxd2 26. Rxd2 Ra1 27. Kf1

Rb1 28. Ke2 Nd5!? {It is difficult to believe that this natural move can

actually get Black into trouble, but it does!} 29. Nd3 {Almost out of the blue,

the b4 pawn has become a target!} 29... Rh1 30. h4 f5 31. Rd1! {This simple move

gives Black a difficult choice: to exchange rooks and enter a knight ending

where the b4-pawn is vulnerable, or to place the rook on h2 or h3 where it will

be virtually trapped for the foreseeable future.} 31... Rh2 {Of course Korchnoi

will select the plan that keeps material on the board—he was a fighter.} 32. Ne5

Nf6 33. Nf3 Rh3 {Korchnoi's rook is pushed a little further towards becoming

irrelevant.} 34. Rd8+ Kf7 35. Ne5+ Ke7 36. Nc6+ {The White pieces are alive and

active. Comparing the quality of the two rooks is all one needs to do to see who

has the winning chances.} 36... Kf7 37. Nxb4 Ne4 38. Nd3 {White is up a healthy

passed pawn, and the d3-knight defends some very important squares.} 38... g5

39. hxg5 hxg5 40. Rc8 g4 41. Nc5 Nxc5 42. Rxc5 {With the knights gone and

Korchnoi's rook no longer feeling completely useless, there is some hope for

Black to save the endgame, right? Well, maybe if he wasn't playing against

Smyslov.} 42... Rh1 43. Rc2 Ke7 44. e4! {A simple pseudo-pawn sacrifice is

always fun to play.} 44... Ra1 {Korchnoi avoids capturing on e4, as his pawns

would all be isolated and/or doubled.} 45. Kd3 Kd6 46. exf5 exf5 47. Kc3 Kc6 48.

Kd4+ Kd6 49. b3 Re1 50. Kc4 Kc6 51. Kd3+ Kd5 52. b4 Rb1 53. Kc3 Kc6 54. Kd4+ Kd6

55. Kc4 Kc6 56. Re2 Rc1+ 57. Kd4 Kd6 58. Rb2 {After some rearranging, the rook

is behind the passed pawn.} 58... Ra1 59. b5 Ra4+ 60. Ke3 Kc7 61. b6+ Kb7 62.

Rb5 Re4+ 63. Kd3 Re8 64. Rxf5 {As we have seen other players do in other

examples, Smyslov gives up his mighty passed pawn in order to snatch up

Korchnoi's g-pawn. The resulting endgame is almost impossible to save.} 64...

Kxb6 65. Rg5 Rd8+ 66. Ke4 Re8+ 67. Kf5 Rf8+ 68. Ke6 Rxf2 69. Rxg4 Re2+ 70. Kf5

Kc5 71. Re4 Rf2+ 72. Rf4 Rd2 73. g4 Rd5+ 74. Kg6 {Korchnoi resigned here because

White can create a well-known theoretically winning endgame (the Lucena

position).} 1-0

识别二维码，关注我们