法规 | 《中华人民共和国网络安全法》（中英对照版全文-上）
【特别鸣谢】本文获授权转载自公众号： 网络空间治理创新（CGi）。原文由张衠校对，叶雪枫编辑。非官方翻译，仅做研究使用。
中华人民共和国网络安全法
Cybersecurity Law of the People’s Republic of China (Third Reading Draft)
（2016年11月7日第十二届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第二十四次会议通过）
POSTED ON NOVEMBER 2, 2016
目 录
Catalogue
第一章 总 则
Chapter I: General Provisions
第二章 网络安全支持与促进
Chapter II: Cybersecurity Strategy, Planning and Promotion
第三章 网络运行安全
Chapter III: Network Operations Security
第一节 一般规定
Section 1: General Provisions
第二节 关键信息基础设施的运行安全
Section 2: Operations Security for Critical Information Infrastructure
第四章 网络信息安全
Chapter IV: Network Information Security
第五章 监测预警与应急处置
Chapter V: Monitoring, Early Warnings, and Emergency Response
第六章 法律责任
Chapter VI Legal Responsibility
第七章 附 则
Chapter VII: Supplementary Provisions
第一章 总则
Chapter 1: General Provisions
第一条 为了保障网络安全，维护网络空间主权和国家安全、社会公共利益，保护公民、法人和其他组织的合法权益，促进经济社会信息化健康发展，制定本法。
Article 1: This Law is formulated so as to ensure cybersecurity, to preserve cyberspace sovereignty, national security and societal public interest, to protect the lawful rights and interests of citizens, legal persons and other organizations, and to promote the healthy development of economic and social informatization.
第二条 在中华人民共和国境内建设、运营、维护和使用网络，以及网络安全的监督管理，适用本法。
Article 2: This Law applies with respect to the construction, operation, maintenance and usage of networks, as well as the supervision and management of networks within the mainland territory of the People’s Republic of China.
第三条 国家坚持网络安全与信息化发展并重，遵循积极利用、科学发展、依法管理、确保安全的方针，推进网络基础设施建设和互联互通，鼓励网络技术创新和应用，支持培养网络安全人才，建立健全网络安全保障体系，提高网络安全保护能力。
Article 3: The State persists in equally stressing cybersecurity and informatization development, and abides by the directives of positive use, scientific development, management according to the law, and ensuring security; and advances the construction, interaction and interconnectivity of network infrastructure, it encourages innovation and application of network technology, supports the fostering of cybersecurity talents, establishes and completes cybersecurity guarantee systems, and raises the capacity to protect cybersecurity.
第四条 国家制定并不断完善网络安全战略，明确保障网络安全的基本要求和主要目标，提出重点领域的网络安全政策、工作任务和措施。
Article 4: The State formulates and incessantly perfects a cybersecurity strategy, which clarifies the basic requirements and main objectives for cybersecurity, and puts forward cybersecurity policy, work tasks and measures for focus areas.
第五条 国家采取措施，监测、防御、处置来源于中华人民共和国境内外的网络安全风险和威胁，保护关键信息基础设施免受攻击、侵入、干扰和破坏，依法惩治网络违法犯罪活动，维护网络空间安全和秩序。
Article 5: The State adopts measures to monitor, defend against and deal with cybersecurity risks and attacks originating from inside and outside the territory of the People’s Reupblic of China, it protects critical information infrastructure from attack, intrusion, interference and destruction, punishes unlawful and criminal cyber acts according to the law, and maintains security and order in cyberspace.
第六条 国家倡导诚实守信、健康文明的网络行为，推动传播社会主义核心价值观，采取措施提高全社会的网络安全意识和水平，形成全社会共同参与促进网络安全的良好环境。
Article 6: The State advocates sincere, honest, healthy and civilized network conduct, adopts measures to raise the entire society’s cybersecurity awareness and level, promotes the dissemination of the Socialist core value view, and forms a good environment for the entire society to jointly participate in advancing cybersecurity.
第七条 国家积极开展网络空间治理、网络技术研发和标准制定、打击网络违法犯罪等方面的国际交流与合作，推动构建和平、安全、开放、合作的网络空间，建立多边、民主、透明的网络治理体系。
Article 7: The State actively launches international exchange and cooperation in the areas of cyberspace governance, research and development of network technologies, formulation of standards, attacking cybercrime and illegality, and other such areas; promotes the construction of a peaceful, secure, open and cooperative cyberspace, and the establishment of a multilateral, democratic and transparent cybergovernance system.
第八条 国家网信部门负责统筹协调网络安全工作和相关监督管理工作。国务院电信主管部门、公安部门和其他有关机关依照本法和有关法律、行政法规的规定，在各自职责范围内负责网络安全保护和监督管理工作。
县级以上地方人民政府有关部门的网络安全保护和监督管理职责，按照国家有关规定确定。
Article 8: The national cyberspace administration is responsible for comprehensively planning and coordinating cybersecurity efforts and related supervision and management efforts. The State Council controlling department for telecommunications, and public security, as well as other relevant departments, are responsible for cybersecurity protection, supervision and management efforts within the scope of their responsibilities, in accordance with the provisions of this Law, relevant laws and administrative regulations.
Cybersecurity protection, supervision and management duties for relevant departments in people’s governments at the county level or above will be determined by relevant State regulations.
第九条 网络运营者开展经营和服务活动，必须遵守法律、行政法规，尊重社会公德，遵守商业道德，诚实信用，履行网络安全保护义务，接受政府和社会的监督，承担社会责任。
Article 9: Network operators launching operations and service activities must abide by the law and administrative regulations, observe social morality, respect commercial ethics, be sincere and trustworthy, implement cybersecurity ptorection duties, accept supervision from government and the society, and bear social responsibility.
第十条 建设、运营网络或者通过网络提供服务，应当依照法律、行政法规的规定和国家标准的强制性要求，采取技术措施和其他必要措施，保障网络安全、稳定运行，有效应对网络安全事件，防范网络违法犯罪活动，维护网络数据的完整性、保密性和可用性。
Article 10: The construction and operation of networks or provision of services through networks shall be in accordance with the provisions of laws and regulations and the mandatory requirements of State or industry standards; adopting technical measures and other necessary measures to protect cybersecurity and operational stability, effectively responding to cybersecurity incidents, preventing cyber crimes, and safeguarding the integrity, secrecy and usability of online data.
第十一条 网络相关行业组织按照章程，加强行业自律，制定网络安全行为规范，指导会员加强网络安全保护，提高网络安全保护水平，促进行业健康发展。
Article 11: Relevant network trade organizations are to, according to their Articles of Association, strengthen industry self-discipline, formulate behavioural cybersecurity norms, guide their members in strengthening cybersecurity protection according to the law, raise the protection levels of cybersecurity, and stimulate the healthy development of the industry.
第十二条 国家保护公民、法人和其他组织依法使用网络的权利，促进网络接入普及，提升网络服务水平，为社会提供安全、便利的网络服务，保障网络信息依法有序自由流动。
任何个人和组织使用网络应当遵守宪法法律，遵守公共秩序，尊重社会公德，不得危害网络安全，不得利用网络从事危害国家安全、荣誉和利益，煽动颠覆国家政权、推翻社会主义制度，煽动分裂国家、破坏国家统一，宣扬恐怖主义、极端主义，宣扬民族仇恨、民族歧视，传播暴力、淫秽色情信息，编造、传播虚假信息扰乱经济秩序和社会秩序，以及侵害他人名誉、隐私、知识产权和其他合法权益等活动。
Article 12: The State protects the rights of citizens, legal persons and other organizations to use networks according to the law; it promotes widespread network access, raises the level of network services, it provides secure and convenient network services to society, and guarantees the lawful, orderly and free circulation of network information.
Any person and organization shall, when using the network, abide by the Constitution and laws, observe public order and respect social morality, they must not endanger cybersecurity, honor and interest, and must not use the network to engage in activities harming national security, inciting subversion of the national regime or the overthrow of the Socialist system,inciting the separation of the country, endangering national unity, propagating of terrorism and extremism, inciting ethnic hatred and ethnic discrimination, dissemination of violent, obscene and sexual information, fabricating and disseminating false information to disorder the economic order and social order, as well as to violate other persons’ reputations, privacy, intellectual property rights and other such lawful rights and interests.
第十三条 国家支持研究开发有利于未成年人健康成长的网络产品和服务，依法惩治利用网络从事危害未成年人身心健康的活动，为未成年人提供安全、健康的网络环境。
Article 13: The State supports research and development of online products and services beneficial to minors’ healthy upbringing, it punishes usage of the network to engage in activities harming the physical or mental health of minors according to the law, and provides a safe and healthy online environment for minors.
第十四条 任何个人和组织有权对危害网络安全的行为向网信、电信、公安等部门举报。收到举报的部门应当及时依法作出处理；不属于本部门职责的，应当及时移送有权处理的部门。
有关部门应当对举报人的相关信息予以保密，保护举报人的合法权益。
Article 14: All individuals and organizations have the right to report conduct endangering cybersecurity to departments such as for network information, telecommunications, public security. Departments receiving reports shall promptly process them in accordance with law; where these do not fall within the responsibility of that department, it shall promptly transfer the matter to the department empowered to handle it.
The relevant departments shall keep confidential the relevant information on whistleblowers, and protect their lawful rights and interests.
第二章 网络安全支持与促进
Chapter II: Cybersecurity, Planning And Promotion
第十五条 国家建立和完善网络安全标准体系。国务院标准化行政主管部门和国务院其他有关部门根据各自的职责，组织制定并适时修订有关网络安全管理以及网络产品、服务和运行安全的国家标准、行业标准。
国家支持企业、研究机构、高等学校、网络相关行业组织参与网络安全国家标准、行业标准的制定。
Article 15: The State establishes and perfects a system of cybersecurity standards. The State Council administrative department for standardization and other relevant State Council departments, on the basis of their individual responsibilities, organize the formulation and timely revision of relevant national and industry standards for cybersecurity management as well as the security of network products, services and operations.
The State supports enterprises, research bodies, higher education institutes, and relevant network sectoral organizations to participate in the formulation of national and industry standards for cybersecurity.
第十六条 国务院和省、自治区、直辖市人民政府应当统筹规划，加大投入，扶持重点网络安全技术产业和项目，支持网络安全技术的研究开发和应用，推广安全可信的网络产品和服务，保护网络技术知识产权，支持企业、研究机构和高等学校等参与国家网络安全技术创新项目。
Article 16: The State Council and people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions and directly-governed municipalities shall make comprehensively plans; expand their input; support key cybersecurity technology industries and programs; support cybersecurity technology research, development and application, the popularization of secure and reliable cyber products and services; protect the intellectual property rights of technology protecting networks; support research and development institutions, higher education institutions, and enterprises to participate in State cybersecurity technology innovation programs.
第十七条 国家推进网络安全社会化服务体系建设，鼓励有关企业、机构开展网络安全认证、检测和风险评估等安全服务。
Article 17: The State moves forward the construction of a socalized cybersecurity services system, and encourages relevant enterprises and bodies to launch security authentication, monitoring, risk assessment and other such security services.
第十八条 国家鼓励开发网络数据安全保护和利用技术，促进公共数据资源开放，推动技术创新和经济社会发展。
国家支持创新网络安全管理方式，运用网络新技术，提升网络安全保护水平。
Article 18: The State encourages the research and development of online data security protection and usage technology, it stimulates the openness of public data resources, and promotes technological innovation and economic and social development.
The State supports the innovation of cybersecurity management methods, the utilization of new network technologies, and the enhancement of cybersecurity protection.
第十九条 各级人民政府及其有关部门应当组织开展经常性的网络安全宣传教育，并指导、督促有关单位做好网络安全宣传教育工作。
大众传播媒介应当有针对性地面向社会进行网络安全宣传教育。
Article 19: All levels’ of people’s governments and their relevant departments shall organize and carry out regular cybersecurity publicity and education, and guide and stimulate relevant units in doing cybersecurity publicity and education work well.
The mass media shall conduct targeted cybersecurity publicity and education aimed at the public.
第二十条 国家支持企业和高等学校、职业学校等教育培训机构开展网络安全相关教育与培训，采取多种方式培养网络安全人才，促进网络安全人才交流。
Article 20: The State supports enterprises and education or training institutions such as higher learning institutions and vocational schools, carrying out cybersecurity-related education and training, and employs multiple methods to cultivate talent in cybersecurity technologies, and promotes interaction of cybersecurity technology professionals.
第三章 网络运行安全
Chapter III: Network Operations Security
第一节 一般规定
Section 1: General Provisions
第二十一条 国家实行网络安全等级保护制度。网络运营者应当按照网络安全等级保护制度的要求，履行下列安全保护义务，保障网络免受干扰、破坏或者未经授权的访问，防止网络数据泄露或者被窃取、篡改：
Article 21: The State implements a tiered cybersecurity protection system. Network operators shall fulfill the following security protection duties according to the requirements of the tiered cybersecurity protection system, to ensure the network avoids interference, damage or unauthorized visits, and to guard against network data leaks, theft or falsification:
（一）制定内部安全管理制度和操作规程，确定网络安全负责人，落实网络安全保护责任；
Formulate internal security management systems and operating rules, determine persons responsible for cybersecurity, and implement cybersecurity protection responsibility;
（二）采取防范计算机病毒和网络攻击、网络侵入等危害网络安全行为的技术措施；
Adopt technological measures to prevent computer viruses, network attacks, network intrusions and other actions endangering cybersecurity;
（三）采取监测、记录网络运行状态、网络安全事件的技术措施，并按照规定留存相关的网络日志不少于六个月；
Adopt technological measures for recording and tracking the status of network operations, and for monitoring and recording cybersecurity incidents, and preserve network logs according to regulationsfor no less than six months;
（四）采取数据分类、重要数据备份和加密等措施；
Adopt measures such as data classification, back-up of important data, and encryption;
（五）法律、行政法规规定的其他义务。
Other obligations as provided by law or administrative regulations.
Specific measures for tiered cybersecurity protection shall be formulated by the State Council.
第二十二条 网络产品、服务应当符合相关国家标准的强制性要求。网络产品、服务的提供者不得设置恶意程序；发现其网络产品、服务存在安全缺陷、漏洞等风险时，应当立即采取补救措施，按照规定及时告知用户并向有关主管部门报告。
网络产品、服务的提供者应当为其产品、服务持续提供安全维护；在规定或者当事人约定的期限内，不得终止提供安全维护。
网络产品、服务具有收集用户信息功能的，其提供者应当向用户明示并取得同意；涉及用户个人信息的，还应当遵守本法和有关法律、行政法规关于个人信息保护的规定。
Article 22: Network products and services shall comply with the relevant national and industry standards. Providers of network products and services must not install malicious programs; when it is discovered that their network products or services have risks such as security flaws or leaks, they shall promptly adopt remedial measures, and promptly notify users and report the matter to the relevant controlling department according to regulations.
Providers of network products and services shall continuously provide security maintenance for their products and services; and must not terminate providing security maintenance during the set time period or period agreed on with clients.
Where network products and services have functions to collect user information, their provider shall indicate this to users and obtain agreement; where citizens’ personal information is involved, this shall abide by the provisions of this Law, as well as relevant laws and administrative regulations, concerning the protection of citizens’ personal information.
第二十三条 网络关键设备和网络安全专用产品应当按照相关国家标准的强制性要求，由具备资格的机构安全认证合格或者安全检测符合要求后，方可销售或者提供。国家网信部门会同国务院有关部门制定、公布网络关键设备和网络安全专用产品目录，并推动安全认证和安全检测结果互认，避免重复认证、检测。
Article 23: Critical network equipment and specialized cybersecurity products shall follow the compulsory requirements of relevant national standards, and be safety certified by a qualified establishment or meet the requirements of a security inspection, before being sold or provided. The national cyberspace administration together with the relevant departments of the State Council, formulate and release a catalog of critical network equipment and specialized cybersecurity products, and promote reciprocal recognition of safety certifications and security inspection results to avoid duplicative certifications and inspections.
第二十四条 网络运营者为用户办理网络接入、域名注册服务，办理固定电话、移动电话等入网手续，或者为用户提供信息发布、即时通讯等服务，在与用户签订协议或者确认提供服务时，应当要求用户提供真实身份信息。用户不提供真实身份信息的，网络运营者不得为其提供相关服务。
国家实施网络可信身份战略，支持研究开发安全、方便的电子身份认证技术，推动不同电子身份认证之间的互认。
Article 24: Network operators handling network access and domain registration services for users, handling stationary or mobile phone network access, or providing users with information publication services, shall require users to provide real identity information when signing agreements with users or confirming provision of services. Where users do not provide real identify information, network operators must not provide them with relevant services.
The State implements an online trustworthy identity strategy, supports research and development of secure and convenient electronic identity confirmation technologies, and promotes mutual recognition among different electronic identify confirmation technologies.
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图文编辑 北京师范大学 赵洋