速递|美国《波特曼-慕菲反宣传法案》（Portman-Murphy Counter-Propaganda Bill）
SEC. 1287. GLOBAL ENGAGEMENT CENTER.
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—
IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of thisAct, the Secretary of State, in coordination with the Secretary of Defense andthe heads of other relevant Federal departments and agencies, shall establish withinthe Department of State a Global Engagement Center (in this section referred toas the ‘‘Center’’).
PURPOSE.—The purpose of the Center shall be to lead, synchronize, andcoordinate efforts of the Federal Government to recognize, understand, expose,and counter foreign state and non-state propaganda and disinformation effortsaimed at undermining United States national security interests.
(b) FUNCTIONS.—The Center shall carry out the following functions:
(1)Integrate interagency and international efforts totrack and evaluate counterfactual narratives abroad that threaten the nationalsecurity interests of the United States and United States allies and partnernations.
(2)Analyze relevant information, data, analysis, andanalytics from United States Government agencies, United States allies andpartner nations, think tanks, academic institutions, civil society groups, andother nongovernmental organizations.
(3)As needed, support the development anddissemination of fact-based narratives and analysis to counter propaganda anddisinformation directed at the United States and United States allies andpartner nations.
(4)Identify current and emerging trends in foreignpropaganda and disinformation in order to coordinate and shape the developmentof tactics, techniques, and procedures to expose and refute foreignmisinformation and disinformation and proactively promote fact-based narrativesand policies to audiences outside the United States.
(5)Facilitate the use of a wide range of technologiesand techniques by sharing expertise among Federal departments and agencies,seeking expertise from external sources, and implementing best practices.
(6)Identify gaps in United States capabilities inareas relevant to the purpose of the Center and recommend necessary enhancementsor changes.
(7)Identify the countries and populations mostsusceptible to propaganda and disinformation based on information provided byappropriate interagency entities.
(8)Administer the information access fund established pursuantto subsection (f).
(9)Coordinate with United States allies and partner nationsin order to amplify the Center’s efforts and avoid duplication.
(10)Maintain, collect, use, and disseminate records (assuch term is defined in section 552a(a)(4) of title 5, United States Code) forresearch and data analysis of foreign state and non-state propaganda anddisinformation efforts and communications related to public diplomacy effortsintended for foreign audiences. Such research and data analysis shall bereasonably tailored to meet the purposes of this paragraph and shall be carriedout with due regard for privacy and civil liberties guidance and oversight.
(c) HEAD OF CENTER.—
APPOINTMENT.—The head of the Center shall be an individual who is anofficial of the Federal Government, who shall be appointed by the President.
COMPLIANCE WITH PRIVACY AND CIVIL LIBERTIES LAWS.—
The President shall designate a senior official to develop guidance for theCenter relating to relevant privacy and civil liberties laws and to ensurecompliance with such guidance.
(d) EMPLOYEES OF THE CENTER.—
DETAILEES.—Any Federal Government employee may be detailed to the Centerwithout reimbursement, and such detail shall be without interruption or loss ofcivil service status or privilege for a period of not more than 3 years.
PERSONAL SERVICE CONTRACTORS.—The Secretary of State may hire United Statescitizens or aliens as personal services contractors for purposes of personnelresources of the Center, if—
(A) the Secretary determines that existing personnel resources areinsufficient;
(B) the period in which services are provided by a personal servicescontractor, including options, does not exceed 3 years, unless the Secretarydetermines that exceptional circumstances justify an extension of up to oneadditional year;
(C) not more than 50 United States citizens or aliens are employed aspersonal services contractors under the authority of this paragraph at anytime; and
(D) the authority of this paragraph is only used to obtain specializedskills or experience or to respond to urgent needs.
(e) TRANSFER OF AMOUNTS AUTHORIZED.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—If amounts authorized to be appropriated or otherwise madeavailable to carry out the functions of the Center—
(A) for fiscal year 2017 are less than $80,000,000, the Secretary ofDefense is authorized to transfer, from amounts authorized to be appropriatedby this Act for the Department of Defense for fiscal year 2017, to the Secretaryof State an amount, not to exceed $60,000,000, to be available to carry out thefunctions of the Center for fiscal year 2017; and
(B) for fiscal year 2018 are less than $80,000,000, the Secretary ofDefense is authorized to transfer, from amounts authorized to be appropriatedby an Act authorizing funds for the Department of Defense for fiscal year 2018,to the Secretary of State an amount, not to exceed $60,000,000, to be availableto carry out the functions of the Center for fiscal year 2018.
(2) NOTICE REQUIREMENT.—The Secretary of Defense shall notify thecongressional defense committees of a proposed transfer under paragraph (1) notless than 15 days prior to making such transfer.
(3) INAPPLICABILITY OF REPROGRAMMING REQUIREMENTS.—
The authority to transfer amounts under paragraph (1) shall not be subjectto any reprogramming requirement under any other provision of law.
(f) INFORMATION ACCESS FUND.—
(1) AUTHORITY FOR GRANTS.—The Center is authorized to provide grants orcontracts of financial support to civil society groups, media contentproviders, nongovernmental organizations, federally funded research anddevelopment centers, private companies, or academic institutions for thefollowing purposes:
(A) To support local independent media who are best placed to refuteforeign disinformation and manipulation in their own communities.
(B) To collect and store examples in print, online, and social media,disinformation, misinformation, and propaganda directed at the United Statesand its allies and partners.
(C) To analyze and report on tactics, techniques, and procedures of foreigninformation warfare with respect to disinformation, misinformation, andpropaganda.
(D) To support efforts by the Center to counter efforts by foreign entitiesto use disinformation, misinformation, and propaganda to influence the policiesand social and political stability of the United States and United States alliesand partner nations.
(2) FUNDING AVAILABILITY AND LIMITATIONS.—The Secretary of State shall providethat each organization that applies to receive funds under this subsection isselected in accordance with the relevant existing regulations to ensure itsbona fides, capability, and experience, and its compatibility with United Statesinterests and objectives.
(g) REPORTS.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than one year after the date on which the Centeris established, the Secretary of State shall submit to the appropriate congressionalcommittees a report evaluating the success of the Center in carrying out itsfunctions under subsection (b) and outlining steps to improve any areas ofdeficiency.
(2) DEFINITION.—In this subsection, the term ‘‘appropriate congressionalcommittees’’ means—
(A) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on Armed Services,the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, and the Committee onAppropriations of the Senate; and
(B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on Armed Services, theCommittee on Homeland Security, and the Committee on Appropriations of theHouse of Representatives.
(h) LIMITATION.—None of the funds authorized to be appropriated orotherwise made available to carry out this section shall be used for purposesother than countering foreign propaganda and misinformation that threatensUnited States national security.
(i) TERMINATION.—The Center shall terminate on the date that is 8 yearsafter the date of the enactment of this Act.
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