经济学人 | 日本向右，证据在此
我们对右翼势力和军国主义复兴的批判不少，可往往和在日本生活过的人带来的观感形成对比，普通日本人给人的感觉爱好和平，甚至不知道尖阁列岛（钓鱼岛）是哪儿。而日本执政的自民党是右翼政党吗？实际上自民党只能算中间偏右，甚至在经济政策上还偏左，主张福利国家，那么我们说的右翼势力究竟在哪里？日本维新会的确是右翼，但毕竟不是执政党，自民党内部又是如何体现出军国主义复兴的苗头的呢？
《经济学人》文章指出了甚少见诸中国媒体、甚至日本媒体也不大关注的右翼组织。这让右翼势力不再是一种泛泛的具有意识形态色彩的指责，它的确是一种具体的、深入到日本政治肌理中的力量，也为中国在国际舆论上有的放矢地回击日本提供了弹药。
中国常常被指责要改变战后秩序，这不过是实力平衡出现变化产生的一种修昔底德式的担忧，而把破坏战后秩序和自由主义传统作为一项政治议程来推进的力量反而是日本右翼。一直以来，我们对日本会议的研究和报道还不多。
IT IS only 18 years old, and its name is innocuous—Nippon Kaigi simply means “Japan Conference”. Yet as one of Japan’s most powerful lobby groups it has a shopping list of nationalist, indeed blatantly revisionist, causes: applaud Japan’s wartime “liberation” of East Asia from Western colonialism; rebuild the armed forces; inculcate patriotism among students brainwashed by left-wing teachers; and revere the emperor as he was worshipped in the good old days before the war.
诞生仅十八年，名字听起来稀松平常，Nippon Kaigi的意思不过是“日本会议”。可实际上是日本最具实力的游说集团，兜售一整套民族主义理论，其实就是明目张胆修宪主义者，他们为日本在二战中把东亚国家从西方殖民主义中“解放”出来叫好，寻求重建军事力量，在被左翼教师“洗脑”的学生中灌输爱国主义，像战前一样“尊皇”。
innocuous: Something that's innocuous isn't harmful or likely to cause injury.
例句：The Airbnb-style platform is a good example of how technology can turn an innocuous situation into a problem.
Airbnb这样的平台很好的证明了技术可以让无害的事变成问题。
Far from crediting America’s post-war occupation for bringing democracy, Nippon Kaigi’s supporters say that the occupation, and the liberal constitution that sprang from it, has emasculated Japan. Oddly, the group receives little attention from the media in Japan, despite its strong and growing influence at the heart of government.
日本会议的支持者并不认为战后美国的占领给日本带来民主，他们说占领和由此而来的和平宪法阉割了日本。奇怪的是，日本媒体很少报道日本会议，尽管实际上它在政府内部构成强大且日益强大的影响力。
emasculate：When you emasculate something or someone, you take away its strength.
例句：His desk job has domesticated, if notemasculated, him.
案头工作即便不算阉割，也算驯化了他。
Nippon Kaigi has backroom clout, with over 280 local chapters, 38,000 fee-paying members and a network that reaches deep into the political establishment.
日本会议具有背地里的影响力，它有280个地方分部，38000个付费会员，其网络深入政治。
A former chief justice was its last chairman. About a third of the Diet (parliament) are members of the group’s parliamentary league, as are over half of the 19-strong cabinet of Shinzo Abe, the prime minister. Mr Abe is the group’s “special adviser”.
一名前任大法官是现在的主席，议会中三分之一的一员是该组织议员联盟成员，安倍首相的19人内阁中，超过半数是其成员。安倍本人是该组织的“特别顾问”。
Its firepower is dedicated to making Japan a “normal country”, says Yoshiko Sakurai, a leading supporter. Education must water down imported notions of Western rights and stress duties to the state and the emperor.
主要支持者樱井欢子认为，其主要致力于让日本成为“正常国家”，教育必须淡化西方输入的权利概念，强调对国家和天皇的责任。
The group says that the nation should rearm, stoutly defend disputed territories against China and scrap the constitution of 1946 which renounces war as a means for settling disputes. It says its aim is to reflect Japan’s “true, original characteristics”.
该组织认为国家应该重新武装起来，坚决捍卫与中国有争议的领土，取消1946年宪法，该宪法禁止通过战争解决争端。其目的是系反映日本“真正的原初的性格”。
Nippon Kaigi has a formidable ability to mobilise. A decade ago it collected 3.6m signatures demanding reforms to the education law making it compulsory to teach children patriotism.
日本会议动员能力巨大。十年前就收集到360万个签名要求改革教育法，让灌输爱国主义成为一种教育义务。
Enacting a law with this requirement was one of the few things that Mr Abe accomplished in his first, inglorious term as prime minister from 2006 to 2007.
应此要求立法是安倍在06年-07年第一任并不光彩的任期内完成的少数事情之一。
Its members have consistently campaigned against anything that shows Japan’s wartime aggression in a bad light—bombarding exhibitions on war crimes, for example, with petitions and phone calls.
日本会议成员不断发起运动，反对任何有损日本二战侵略别国的事，例如，通过请愿和电话抨击战争罪行展。
Most of the group’s current energies are aimed at getting signatories—10m is the target—calling for a national referendum on revising the constitution. It wants the removal of the pacifist section, Article 9, and supposedly traditional family values to be enshrined in it.
该组织现在主要致力于集齐1000万签名，呼吁全国公投修宪。他们想拿掉宪法第九条的和平主义条款，可能还包括其中体现的传统家庭价值。
A draft of a new constitution drawn up by the ruling Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) in 2012 reflects much of Nippon Kaigi’s agenda. Ms Sakurai is one of the campaign’s figureheads.
当政的自民党2012年的新宪法草案反映了很多日本会议的议程。樱井（女性）就是这一运动的主要头目人之一。
This is a recognition by Nippon Kaigi, says Tomomi Yamaguchi at Montana State University, that changing the attitudes of women, many of whom admire Japan’s long-standing pacifism, will be crucial.
蒙大拿州立大学的Tomomi Yamaguchi说，日本会议认识到，改变妇女的态度至关重要，大多数妇女都支持日本一直奉行的和平主义政策。
Nippon Kaigi gives nationalists in China and South Korea an excuse to claim that Japanese militarism is on the rise again. It wants Mr Abe to continue to visit Tokyo’s Yasukuni shrine, which deifies Japan’s war dead, including those who led the nation to war in 1931-45 with disastrous consequences not just for Asia but for Japan itself.
日本会议也给中国和韩国的民族主义者以口实，指责日本军国主义再次抬头。日本会议希望安倍继续参拜东京都的靖国神社，神社里供奉着日本战争头目，包括那些领导国家进行1931年到1945年战争的战犯，这场战争不仅给亚洲也给日本自己带来了毁灭性的打击。
It also rejects what its supporters call Japan’s apology diplomacy. Nippon Kaigi is lobbying for Japan’s admissions of war guilt to be reversed this year, the 70th anniversary of the country’s surrender.
日本会议还拒斥其支持者口中所说的日本道歉外交，正在游说日本今年起不再承认战争罪行，今年是日本投降70周年。
A closely allied group is the Shinto Association of Spiritual Leadership. From the late 19th century Shinto, Japan’s oldest religion, was reinvented as a tool of state, serving as an ideology that helped mobilise Japanese to fight wars in the emperor’s name.
与其一个战营的是神道政治联盟，19世纪末起，日本古老的宗教神道被改造成为国家工具，成为一种动员日本人为天皇而战的意识形态。
In 2007 lobbying by the association and Nippon Kaigi helped to persuade the government to make April 29th a national holiday in honour of Hirohito, the emperor of Japan during the war.
该联盟与日本会议在2007年联手游说政府，意图使4月29日成为纪念裕仁天皇的全国性节日，裕仁在二战期间是日本天皇。
Even opponents are impressed at how reactionaries have quietly transformed the landscape of Japanese politics. Nippon Kaigi members, however, are frustrated over what they see as the slow pace of change.
连反对派也没想到反动派悄悄地就改变了日本政治。然而日本会议成员仍嫌变化进展得太慢。
One of their aims in future is to help Japan find support for their causes from abroad and “build friendship with other nations”. It is possible they may achieve the opposite.
其未来目标之一是帮助日本寻求海外支持，“与其他国家建立友谊”，努力的结果可能恰恰相反。