CNKI双语汇 | 农村的生活垃圾都是怎么处理的？

近年来，我国村镇生活垃圾年产量已超一亿吨且逐年激增，引发日益关切的环境污染问题。村镇生活垃圾通常指在日常生活或为日常生活提供服务活动产生的固体废物。我国村镇生活垃圾组分主要为有机垃圾（食品垃圾、作物秸秆树叶），无机垃圾（灰渣、砖石）。

In recent years, the annual generation of rural solid waste (RSW) in China has exceeded 100 million tons, and it has been increasing year by year, causing environmental pollution. RSW usually refers to solid waste generated in daily life or service activities for daily life. In China, RSW can be divided into organic waste (food waste, crop straw and leaves) and inorganic waste (ash and slag and masonry).

 我国村镇生活垃圾具有极强的地域性、明显的分散性，且区别于其各自对应的城市生活垃圾。若机械地将城市生活垃圾的管理方式、处理技术手段用于村镇生活垃圾不是最佳方式，应充分考虑村镇生活垃圾的特点对其进行处理。

Different from the corresponding urban solid waste, RSW in China had strong regional features and obvious dispersion. Urban solid waste management methods and processing technologies cannot be used mechanically for RSW and the characteristics of RSW should be taken into consideration.

农村的生活垃圾都是怎么处理的？

How is the rural solid waste handled?

天津大学环境科学与工程学院的李丹等发表的《中国村镇生活垃圾特性及处理现状》总结了我国各地区村镇生活垃圾的特性，概述了当前村镇生活垃圾收运、分类回收现状以及处理模式和处置方式。

Characteristics and treatment status of rural solid waste in China by LI Dan et al., summarized the characteristics of RSW in various regions of China, and the current status of RSW collection and transportation, classification and recycling, treatment mode, and disposal methods.

结果表明：1、我国村镇地区面广跨度大，村镇生活垃圾具有明显的分散性、极强的地域性，大部分区域人均日产量0.7～1.1kg，且日渐增长；村镇生活垃圾组分区别于城市垃圾，整体以餐厨垃圾、灰土、木竹为主，南方垃圾水分较高，经济发达地区橡塑类垃圾组分含量较高；2、村镇生活垃圾的处理模式主要以城乡一体、城乡分别及城乡协同为主，基于各地村镇生活垃圾的特点，其处理方式及采用的末端处置方式有所区别。

The result shows that: 1. Rural areas in China have a wide span, and RSW was dispersed and different under different geographical conditions. The per capita daily RSW generation in most areas was 0.7–1.1 kg with an increasing trend. RSW components were different from urban solid waste, mainly including kitchen waste, ash, wood and bamboo. Waste in the South had high water content and the content of rubber and plastics in waste in developed areas was high. 2. The treatment modes of RSW were mainly urban-rural integration, urban-rural separated treatment, and urban-rural collaboration.

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研究结果发表于《中国环境科学》2018年第11期38卷。

The research findings are published in the 38th volume, 11th issue of China Environmental Science, 2018

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