克林顿总统超震撼演讲:政治并非为了统治,而是为了让更多人过上平凡生活(附视频&演讲稿)
7月2日,世界各国领袖相聚在斯特拉斯堡送别德国最伟大的前总理赫尔穆特·科尔,美国前总统比尔·克林顿在科尔葬礼上发表了引人深思的演讲。克林顿在悼词中列举科尔面对的五大问题,他说21世纪欧洲始于科尔: “政治不是为了一轮一轮的统治,而是为了让最大数量的人们更有可能过上平凡的生活”。
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科尔的灵柩停放在欧洲议会大厅中央,上面覆盖着欧盟旗帜。科尔是第一个由欧盟为之举行葬礼的欧洲政治家,参加葬仪的有美国前总统克林顿、俄罗斯总理德米特里·梅德韦杰夫、英国首相特蕾莎梅、法国信任总统马克龙、德国总理默克尔、以色列总理本雅明·内塔尼亚胡、欧盟委员会主席让-克洛德·容克等政要。
thank you for giving me the opportunity to say a few words. thank you to peter, walter, helmut's family. leaders of europe and the european union, chancellor merkel,president macron, prime ministers and officials who are here, i ask you to think about something not in my notes.
i was looking around this crowd today, at all of us who used to be in office., all of us who came. why? because helmut kohl gave us a chanceto be involved in something bigger than ourselves, bigger than our terms of awesomeness -- of office, bigger than our careers,because sooner or later all of us will be in a coffin like that. and the only gift we can leave behind is a better future for ourchildren and the freedom to make their own choices, including their own mistakes. i loved him. hillary said i loved him because he was the only person with a bigger appetite for food than i have.he came to washington so much.
once he took me to his favorite restaurant in the capital of my country. i recommend it to you.why am i saying this? because the 21st century in europe as you see really began on his watch, because he had five big questionsto answer, which all have ramifications today. and because of the answers he gave, we are here. should there be a real united germany after the berlin wall fell? what does it mean? how much will it cost? it will be a real pain, but we all want people in one country, and we should undergo the dislocation and the difficulty. even in his case if it costs him an election, because it took longer to lift the east than could have been predicted.
should there be a real european union, and should it be expanded so that germany will never again be on the edge ofeurope, the source of dislocation and more? -- and war? the polls, and gary and's, -- on gary and -- hungarians, czechs, and others, should we do this together? should germany, so long distrusted by its neighbors, take an aggressive posture to end of the slaughter in bosnia? supporting nato's first intervention outside the member nations and the first deployment of germanforces outside of its own country since the end of world war ii?after all the carnage of the war, finally the berlin wall falls.should you just heave a sigh of relief or recognized that thishas been a terrible experience for russia and reach out a handof friendship, accompanied by a check and give me a chance to dothe same? should nato he preserved or scrapped? there were a lot of people who thought it should be scrapped. and instead, itexpanded, not as a threat, but has a promise with a special set ofpartnerships that included both russia and ukraine, to guarantee the territorial integrity and cooperation of people in the future.these were really big questions. it sounds so easy now, and you say not only was it easy, but look how reality has intervened,locale -- look how things are now.
you may think all of us who grow gray grow dottering in the face of reality is, but there are no permanent victories or defeats in politics. what matters most is what drives us. i loved this guy because his appetites went farbeyond food, because he wanted to create a world in which noone dominated, and world in which cooperation was better thanconflict, in which diverse groups make better decisions than individual dictators, in which young people would be free to saythat in our time we were wrong, at least what we did was not enough for now. nothing captured this more than his willingnessto -- the enormous contribution that germany made to the european unit than to give up the leadership of the central bank.we have to learn to share. all over the world today there is a new uprising of identity politics. who are we, and should we bedefined most by our differences or most by what we have in common? make no mistake about it, helmut kohl loved being german.
i made it possible for him on a state visit to the united states to be more german because i took him to milwaukee, our most german city, to a german immersion school where he spoke german with african-american students who spoke at all dayevery day in school. he took the position that in aninterdependent world where the borders were looking more like -- than walls, where technology alone made wonderful things possible, but also made us more vulnerable to everything fromterror to cyber terrorism, that we had to search for common ground. he loved being german. he tried to get me to eat some things i do not want to eat because he loved being german. he loved being a european. but in his big, highly political, oftenoverbearing leadership, there was the germ of understanding that the cancers of the 20th century were all born of people who believe domination was better than cooperation. that is whywe are all here. all of us old guys that used to be wanted tocome back and say, thank you for giving us a chance to be part of something bigger than ourselves.
thank you for giving us a chance to be a little better, to remember that the polish workersin gdansk, their lives were as important as hours of in the eyes of god. politics in the end is not about great ways of domination,but about the possibilities of ordinary life for the largest numbers of people. the richest person in the world one day will lie in a coffin. the most powerful person, whether you kill orpreserve life, we are all going home, as they say in the united states, in our african-american churches, because meetings like this, home goings. no one loved that more than helmut kohl. so sleep well, my friend.
the greatest gift you left us is the lessons that the thing that matters most in life is what we leave ourchildren -- the freedom, the piece, the security to baird -- thepeace, the security to build our own dreams while lifting up, not tearing down. you did a good job with your life, and those of us who shared it love to you for it. thank you.
谢谢你们能给我这个机会来说几句话。谢谢Peter、Walter、Helmut的家人,欧洲和欧盟的领导人,默克尔总统、马克龙总统及在场的各位首相和官员。
我想请你们思考一些没写在我笔记中的东西。
今天,我环顾坐在这里的这群人,这群已经从过去的职务上卸任的人,所有在场的人。为什么?因为赫尔穆特·科尔让我们有机会参与到比自己更大的事情当中去,这些事比我们的任期更重大,比我们短暂的政治生涯更重大,因为迟早我们所有人都会(像科尔一样)躺在那样的棺材里。我们唯一可以留下的礼物,就是给孩子们一个更美好的未来,和做出自己选择的自由,包括犯错误的自由。
我爱他。希拉里说那是因为他的饭量比我还大。他来过华盛顿太多次,有一次他还带我去了他最喜欢的那间餐厅Philomena。要知道,华盛顿可是我的国家的首府。现在那间餐厅还在营业,我也推荐给你们。
我为什么要说这件事?因为你们现在所看到的21世纪的欧洲,可以说是在他的看顾下开启的。他当时所面临的五大问题真的是极其严峻的,而那些问题的影响一直延续到今天。也正是因为他给出的答案,我们现在才能站在这里。
柏林墙倒塌之后,是否应该建立真正统一的德国?那将意味着什么?将需要多大的花费?那会是一个非常痛苦的事情。但,我们是同一个国家的同样的人民,我们理应共同来承受这样的混乱和艰难。即使对于他而言,这将导致他竞选失败,因为扶助东德所花费的时间比预期的更长。
是否应该建立起一个真正意义上的欧洲联盟?这个联盟是否应该扩大,使得德国永远不再处于欧洲的边缘?而这曾经是战争错位的根源。波兰人,匈牙利人,捷克人,还有其他民族,能一起来做这件事情吗?
长期不被邻国信任的德国,是否应该采取积极的措施去制止在波斯尼亚的屠杀行径?是否应该支持北约在成员国境外的首次干预,并在二战结束以来首次在德国境外部署军队?毕竟战争中曾经发生过大屠杀。
柏林墙终于倒塌后,你是觉得可以松口气了,还是应该意识到这对俄国来说也是一场极为可怕的经历,然后伸出友谊之手并附上支票,还给我机会来做相同的事?
北约是应该被保留还是被废除?有很多人认为北约应该被废除,但是相反,北约扩大了。但不是作为一种威胁,而是一种承诺。(与之一同扩张的是)一种特殊的同盟关系,使得俄国和乌克兰可以同在此约之中,来确保未来其领土的完整和民间的合作。
这些事情现在听起来好像都很简单,你或许会说不仅简单,还各种被现实干预,现在的情况也跟预想的非常不一样。你也许会觉得我们这些满头白发的人在目前的现状面前看起来很傻。但是,政治上从来没有永远的胜利或失败。真正重要的是,驱使我们做这些事情的动机究竟是什么。
我爱这个家伙,因为他的胃口远在食物之上,因为他想创造一个没有人主导、一个合作比冲突更好的世界。在这样的世界里,多元化的团体比单个的专制者能做出更好的决策,年轻人可以自由地发表言论,可以指出我们在我们的时代做错了,或者说至少对现在而言是不够的。
最能体现这些的是,他情愿违背德国文化和历史之巨大重力而为欧盟做出的巨大贡献,是他心甘情愿地放弃欧洲央行的第一届领导权……
其实这也是很自然的事情。我们必须学会分享。今天,在全球各地,都在兴起一种新的身份政治。我们是谁?我们究竟是应该被我们之间的差异,还是被我们的共同之处来定义?
毫无疑问的是,赫尔穆特·科尔很热爱当一名德国人。有一次他来美国进行国事访问,我带他去了美国最有德国感觉的城市密尔沃基的一所德语沉浸式学校。这所学校里的学生每天说的都是德语,他就在那里和非裔美国学生用德语交流。
但他主张:在一个相互依存的世界中,边界正在变得越来越像网而不是墙。科技使许多美好的事情发生,但同时也使我们在诸如恐怖主义、网络恐袭面前更加脆弱。所以我们必须寻求共识。
他热爱当一名德国人,他曾经试图让我去吃一些我不想吃的东西,因为他热爱当一名德国人,热爱当一名欧洲人。但是在他的高度政治化甚至让人有些难以承受的强大领导力当中,产生了一种想法,开始认识到20世纪的“毒瘤”其实都来自于那些相信统治优于合作的人们。
这也是我们聚集在这里的原因。我们这些老家伙想要回来对科尔说,谢谢你给我们这样一个机会,来参与到这些比我们自身更崇高的事情当中,感谢你给我们机会使我们能做得更好一些,也让我们去记住,在上帝的眼里,格但斯克(波兰港口城市)的波兰工人的生命和我们的一样重要。
归根到底,政治不是为了波澜壮阔的统治,而是为了让大多数人过上平凡的生活。即使是世界上最富有的人,有一天也会躺在棺材里;世界上最有权势的人,不论在世时是杀戮还是挽救生命,都会“回家”。正如我在美国和我们的非裔美国人的教会中所说的那样,他们将这样的聚会称为“回家”。
没有人比赫尔穆特·科尔更喜欢“回家“了。安息吧,我的朋友。你留给我们的最宝贵的礼物,就是让我们知道了,生命最紧要的就在于留下了什么给我们的孩子——自由,和平,安全,在此基础上去建立自己的繁荣、追逐自己的梦想,去相信这些繁荣和梦想可以在互相扶持而不是互相拆毁的基础上来大大地实现。
你用你的一生完成了非常美好的事,我们这些曾于其中有份的人,都因此而爱你。
谢谢。
在短短十一分钟的演讲里,他回顾了与科尔的相识相交,也高度评价了科尔的一生。“赫尔穆特·科尔让我们有机会参与到比自己更大的事情当中去,这些事比我们的任期更重大,比我们短暂的政治生涯更重大,因为迟早我们所有人都会像他一样躺在那样的棺材里。我们唯一可以留下的礼物,就是给孩子们一个更美好的未来,和做出自己选择的自由,包括犯错误的自由。”
在演讲中,他不时停顿,以目光环顾会场。坐在其间的,有德国现任总理默克尔、法国新任总统马克龙、俄罗斯总理梅德韦杰夫、以色列总理内塔尼亚胡、欧盟委员会主席让-克洛德·容克等等。
这位曾经叱咤世界政坛的风云人物,对着台下这些现今世界上最有权势的政治人物说:“归根到底,政治不是为了波澜壮阔的统治,而是为了让大多数人过上平凡的生活。”
说出这句话的克林顿,早已不是我们印象中的那个克林顿,那个锋芒毕露、意气风发、精力充沛、充满野心的政治家,而是走过高峰低谷、历经无数熬炼、开始懂得谦卑和敬畏的智者。
回顾其耀眼的政绩,他完全有理由为之骄傲:
在他执政的的八年期间,美国保持了历史上最长的经济增长和繁荣:财政实现空前的盈余,创造2200多万个就业岗位,800万人重新获得社会保障,人民收入水平大幅度提高,失业率、贫困率、犯罪率均创新低,并使美国高科技行业进入飞速发展的轨道,奠定了今日美国高科技大国的地位。
在国际事务方面,他推动了北美自由贸易协定的成立,也极力地推动了中东和平进程;协助中国加入了世界贸易组织,也使得中美关系从敌视到互相交往。他在任期内还签署了《京都议定书》,为控制全球变暖做出了不容忽视的贡献。
因此,他成为了半个世纪以来挟最高声望结束任期的美国总统。
“他是一位了不起的政治天才,他驾驭国家政治及国际事务的能力,与半个世纪以来任何美国总统相较,绝不逊色。”有人如此评价。
但他离任后所做的,正如其在演讲中所说,是为了“让大多数人过上平凡的生活”。
2001年,他创立克林顿基金会,其主要的任务是“加强美国和世界人民面对全球性挑战的相互依赖能力”,重点突出在健康安全、经济权力、领导能力发展和公民服务、种族和民族与宗教的和解等4个领域。
2004年,他在印度洋海啸后出任联合国海啸灾后恢复问题特使。
2005年创立“克林顿全球倡议”(Clinton Global Initiative,简称CGI),旨在聚集全球各界领军人物的智慧和资源,致力于推动人们探讨世界性问题,促进世界各地共同承担责任,尤其强调变想法为行动,应对一系列全球化挑战,解决全球性的问题。
2009年5月19日,联合国秘书长潘基文宣布任命其为联合国海地事务特使,负责推动和协调国际社会帮助海地恢复重建。
2009年8月4日,他访问朝鲜,成功争取朝鲜释放两名被判劳教的美国女记者。
2012年,在目睹美国深陷经济泥潭难以自拔的境况下,他出版《克林顿:重返工作》,针对如何促进经济复苏、应对长期债务方面、增加就业、重建美国制造业基础等问题提出了针对性建议。
……
因此即使离任已有16年,即使除去妻子希拉里的影响,克林顿也依然是世界上知名度最高的前政坛人物之一,并继续在全球舞台上发挥着积极的影响。
在《重返工作》一书的序言中,他说他的梦想,是给孩子们留下一个使其自由逐梦的世界,让每一个工作勤奋、遵纪守法的公民,都享有追求梦想的自由和机遇。
这是一位政治家的担当,也是所有有能力影响世界的领袖们的共同责任。
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