TED：怎样打败孤独和负能量？负面情绪多的同学速看！（附视频&演讲稿）
英语演讲君按
当前任转身在你面前离开时，你是否就像开花的树，在Ta身后落了一地自己凋零的心？你是否觉得莫名其妙不知所措，一定要拷问清楚原因？你是否一直想走出来，却怎么也走不出来？分手不是一次旅行，而应是一场战斗。如果爱情是毒药，那么分手就是在试图戒掉毒瘾。虽然人人都曾心碎，心碎如此折磨，但本期心理学家Guy Winch用自己的专业和经验来告诉你，我们可以继续往前走，我们会走得更好。
https://v.qq.com/txp/iframe/player.html?vid=g0606h1ny6b&width=500&height=375&auto=0
At some point in our lives, almost everyone of us will have our heart broken.
几乎每个人，在人生中的某个时点，都会遇到心碎的状况。
My patient Kathy planned her wedding whenshe was in middle school. She would meet her future husband by age 27, getengaged a year later and get married a year after that. But when Kathy turned27, she didn't find a husband. She found a lump in her breast.
我的病人卡西还在中学时 就规划了她的婚礼。她遇到未来老公的时间 会是在二十七岁时，一年后他们会订婚，再一年后结婚。但当卡西二十七岁时，她没有找到老公。她找到的，是胸部的肿块。
She went through many months of harsh chemotherapy and painful surgeries, and then just as shewas ready to jump back into the dating world, she found a lump in her otherbreast and had to do it all over again. Kathy recovered, though, and she waseager to resume her search for a husband as soon as her eyebrows grew back in.When you're going on first dates in New York City, you need to be able toexpress a wide range of emotions.
她经历了很多个月的辛苦化疗，以及痛苦的手术，接着，就在她准备要跳回来约会的世界时，她在另一边的胸部发现了肿块，整个过程都得再重来一次。不过，卡西恢复了，她很热切地想继续寻找她的老公，她打算等眉毛长回来就马上行动。当你在纽约市去赴第一次约会，你得要能够表现出很多种情绪。
Soon afterwards, she met Rich and fell inlove. The relationship was everything she hoped it would be. Six months later,after a lovely weekend in New England, Rich made reservations at their favoriteromantic restaurant. Kathy knew he was going to propose, and she could barelycontain her excitement.
没多久之后，她遇见了雷奇，陷入热恋。这段感情完全是她所希望的那样子。六个月之后，在新英格兰度过了 一个美好的周末之后，雷奇订了他们最喜欢的浪漫餐厅。卡西知道他要求婚了，她兴奋难耐。
But Rich did not propose to Kathy thatnight. He broke up with her. As deeply as he cared for Kathy -- and he did --he simply wasn't in love.
但那晚，雷奇并没有向卡西求婚。他和她分手了。尽管他对卡西的关心很深 ──他真的关心过── 但他就是没有爱上她。
Kathy was shattered. Her heart was trulybroken, and she now faced yet another recovery. But five months after thebreakup, Kathy still couldn't stop thinking about Rich. Her heart was stillvery much broken. The question is: Why? Why was this incredibly strong anddetermined woman unable to marshal the same emotional resources that got herthrough four years of cancer treatments? Why do so many of us flounder whenwe're trying to recover from heartbreak? Why do the same coping mechanisms thatget us through all kinds of life challenges fail us so miserably when our heartgets broken?
卡西很震惊。她的心真的碎了，她现在又要面临一次复原。但在分手后五个月，卡西仍然无法不去想雷奇。她的心仍然支离破碎。问题是：为什么？为什么这个极度坚强且坚定的女性，没有办法去整理这些和她四年癌症治疗同样的情绪来源？为什么有这么多人 试着从心碎中复原时，都那么挣扎？为什么明明这些处理机制 能帮我们走过各种人生中的困难，却在我们的心碎时刻，完全派不上用场？
In over 20 years of private practice, Ihave seen people of every age and background face every manner of heartbreak,and what I've learned is this: when your heart is broken, the same instinctsyou ordinarily rely on will time and again lead you down the wrong path. Yousimply cannot trust what your mind is telling you.
我私人执业的时间超过二十年，我见过各种年龄层、各种背景的人 面临各种心碎，而我所学到的是：当你的心碎了，你平常所仰赖的那些直觉会一而再，再而三地 引导你走向错误的路。你就是不能相信你的大脑告诉你的。
For example, we know from studies ofheartbroken people that having a clear understanding of why the relationshipended is really important for our ability to move on. Yet time and again, whenwe are offered a simple and honest explanation like the one Rich offered Kathy,we reject it. Heartbreak creates such dramatic emotional pain, our mind tellsus the cause must be equally dramatic.
比如，我们从关于 心碎的人的研究得知，清楚了解为什么感情关系会结束 对于我们能否继续 走下去是很重要的。但，一而再，再而三，我们得到的是一个简单且诚实的解释，就像雷奇给卡西的解释，而我们不愿接受。心碎会造成非常戏剧性的痛苦，我们的大脑告诉我们，它的成因一定也是同等戏剧性的。
And that gut instinct is so powerful, itcan make even the most reasonable and measured of us come up with mysteries andconspiracy theories where none exist. Kathy became convinced something must have happened during her romantic get away with Rich that soured him on therelationship, and she became obsessed with figuring out what that was.
那种直觉十分强大，甚至会让最理性、最慎重的人，都会想出些根本不存在的谜团和阴谋论。卡西深信，在她和雷奇浪漫之旅的过程中 一定发生了什么事，导致他对这段感情感到不快，而她变得执着在要想出原因是什么。
And so she spent countless hours going through every minute of that weekend in hermind, searching her memory for clues that were not there. Kathy's mind trickedher into initiating this wild goose chase. But what compelled her to commit toit for so many months?
于是，她花了无数小时，在脑中回想那个周末的每一分钟，在记忆中寻找根本不存在的线索。卡西的大脑骗了她，让她开始了这场徒劳的追寻。但，是什么强迫她投入这么多个月的时间？
Heartbreak is far more insidious than werealize. There is a reason we keep going down one rabbit hole after another,even when we know it's going to make us feel worse. Brain studies have shownthat the withdrawal of romantic love activates the same mechanisms in our brainthat get activated when addicts are withdrawing from substances like cocaine oropioids. Kathy was going through with drawal.
心碎比我们知道的 还要更会在暗中滋生。这就是我们会重蹈覆彻的原因，即使我们知道这么做 会让我们感觉更糟糕。关于大脑的研究指出，脱离一段爱情会启动的大脑机制，和成瘾者要脱离古柯碱 或鸦片这类物质时是一样的。
And since she could not have theheroin of actually being with Rich, her unconscious mind chose the methadone ofher memories with him. Her instincts told her she was trying to solve amystery, but what she was actually doing was getting her fix. This is whatmakes heartbreak so difficult to heal. Addicts know they're addicted. They knowwhen they're shooting up.
卡西在经历的就是脱离。她的海洛因就是 和雷奇在一起，但她得不到，她无意识的大脑选择用 她和他的记忆当作止痛药，她的直觉告诉她，她是在试着解一个谜团，但她真正在做的事，是给自己注射毒品。就是这样，让心碎很难治愈。成瘾者知道自己有瘾。他们在注射毒品时是有自觉的。
But heartbroken people do not. But you do now. And ifyour heart is broken, you cannot ignore that. You have to recognize that, ascompelling as the urge is, with every trip down memory lane, every text yousend, every second you spend stalking your ex on social media, you are justfeeding your addiction, deepening your emotional pain and complicating yourrecovery.
但心碎的人没有。但你现在知道了。如果你的心碎了，你不能忽略它。尽管冲动很难抗拒，你仍必须了解，你每一次的回想，你发出的每一则讯息，你花在社交媒体上追踪前任情人的每一秒钟，你都只是在满足你的瘾，加深你情绪上的痛苦，让你的复原变得更复杂。
Getting over heartbreak is not a journey.It's a fight, and your reason is your strongest weapon. There is no breakupexplanation that's going to feel satisfying. No rationale can take away thepain you feel. So don't search for one, don't wait for one, just accept the oneyou were offered or make up one yourself and then put the question to rest,because you need that closure to resist the addiction. And you need somethingelse as well: you have to be willing to let go, to accept that it's over.Otherwise, your mind will feed on your hope and set you back. Hope can beincredibly destructive when your heart is broken.
度过心碎并不是一趟旅程。它是场战斗，而你的理智 是你最强的武器。没有任何分手解释会让人感到满意。没有逻辑理由能带走 你所感受到的痛苦。所以不用去找理由了，不要再等理由了，就接受你得到的理由吧，不然就自己编一个，然后就让这个问题安息，因为你需要那个结束，来对抗你的瘾。你还需要别的：你得要愿意放手，接受感情已经结束。不然，你的大脑会再给你希望，让你无法前进。当你心碎时，希望是非常有毁灭性的。
Heartbreak is a master manipulator. Theease with which it gets our mind to do the absolute opposite of what we need inorder to recover is remarkable. One of the most common tendencies we have whenour heart is broken is to idealize the person who broke it. We spend hoursremembering their smile, how great they made us feel, that time we hiked up themountain and made love under the stars. All that does is make our loss feelmore painful. We know that. Yet we still allow our mind to cycle through onegreatest hit after another, like we were being held hostage by our ownpassive-aggressive Spotify playlist.
心碎，是操弄大师。它利用舒适当手段，让我们的大脑去做的事，和复原所需要的完全相反，这手段很强大。当我们心碎时，最常见的倾向之一，就是会理想化那个让我们心碎的人。我们花数小时的时间去回想他们的笑容、 那笑容带给我们的感觉有多棒，及我们爬上山在星空下做爱的时光。这唯一的效果，就是 让我们的失去变得更痛苦。我们知道这一点。但我们仍然允许我们的大脑陷在这不断重击的循环中，彷佛我们被自己被动攻击的 Spotify 音乐播放列表给挟持当人质了。
Heartbreak will make those thoughts popinto your mind. And so to avoid idealizing, you have to balance them out byremembering their frown, not just their smile, how bad they made you feel, thefact that after the lovemaking, you got lost coming down the mountain, arguedlike crazy and didn't speak for two days. What I tell my patients is to compilean exhaustive list of all the ways the person was wrong for you, all the badqualities, all the pet peeves, and then keep it on your phone.
心碎会让那些念头出现在你脑中。为了避免理想化，你得要将它们平衡掉，做法就是回想起他们的 皱眉，而不只是笑容、 他们带给你多不好的感觉，以及在做爱后，你们下山时迷了路，吵得非常凶，两天都不说话。我告诉我的病人，编汇一份详尽的清单，列出这个人不适合你的每一点、所有不好的特质、所有惹你恼火的事，然后把那清单放在手机里。
And once you have your list, you have touse it. When I hear even a hint of idealizing or the faintest whiff ofnostalgia in a session, I go, "Phone, please."
一旦你列出了清单，你得要使用它。每次与病人会面，当我感觉到有一点点理想化 或是最微弱的怀旧之情要浮现时，我会说：「请拿出手机。」
Your mind will try to tell you they wereperfect. But they were not, and neither was the relationship. And if you wantto get over them, you have to remind yourself of that, frequently.
你的大脑会试着告诉你他们很完美。但他们并不完美，你们的关系也不完美。如果你想要熬过去，你就得提醒自己这件事，常常提醒。
None of us is immune to heartbreak. Mypatient Miguel was a 56-year-old senior executive in a software company. Fiveyears after his wife died, he finally felt ready to start dating again. He soonmet Sharon, and a whirlwind romance ensued. They introduced each other to theiradult children after one month, and they moved in together after two. Whenmiddle-aged people date, they don't mess around. It's like "Love,Actually" meets "The Fast and the Furious."
没有人对心碎免疫。我的病人，米格，五十六岁，是软件公司的高阶主管。在他的太太过世五年后，他终于觉得准备好 可以开始再次约会了。他很快就遇到了沙伦，接着展开热恋。一个月后，他们把彼此介绍给对方的成年子女认识，两个月后，他们开始同居。中年人约会不浪费时间。这就像《爱是您，爱是我》 遇见《玩命关头》。
Miguel was happier than he had been inyears. But the night before their first anniversary, Sharon left him. She haddecided to move to the West Coast to be closer to her children, and she didn'twant a long-distance relationship. Miguel was totally blindsided and utterlydevastated. He barely functioned at work for many, many months, and he almostlost his job as a result. Another consequence of heartbreak is that feelingalone and in pain can significantly impair our intellectual functioning,especially when performing complex tasks involving logic and reasoning. Ittemporarily lowers our IQ.
米格比过去几年来都更快乐。但在他们一周年的前一晚，沙伦离开了他。她决定搬到西岸，离她的孩子们近一点，而她不想谈远距离恋爱。米格在毫无防备下受到打击，彻底身心交瘁。许多许多个月，他几乎无法工作，结果他差点丢了饭碗。心碎的另一个后果就是孤独和痛苦的感受 能显著破坏我们的智力运作，特别是在进行涉及逻辑 和推理的复杂工作时。它会让我们的智商暂时下降。
But it wasn't just the intensity ofMiguel's grief that confused his employers; it was the duration. Miguel wasconfused by this as well and really quite embarrassed by it. "What's wrongwith me?" he asked me in our session. "What adult spends almost ayear getting over a one-year relationship?" Actually, many do.
但让米格的老板感到困惑的，不只是他的悲恸强度，还有时间长度。米格自己也对此感到困惑，且因此觉得很不好意思。「我是怎么搞的？」心理治疗时他这样问我。「什么样的成人会花几乎一年 才能忘怀只维持一年的感情？」 其实，很多成人都如此。
Heartbreak shares all the hallmarks oftraditional loss and grief: insomnia, intrusive thoughts, immune systemdysfunction. Forty percent of people experience clinically measurabledepression. Heartbreak is a complex psychological injury. It impacts us in amultitude of ways.
心碎，有着传统失去 和悲伤的所有特征：失眠、烦扰的想法、 免疫系统失衡。有四成的人会经历忧郁，且是临床上可测量出来的程度。心碎是一种复杂的心理伤害。它以许多方式影响着我们。
For example, Sharon was both very social and very active.She had dinners at the house every week. She and Miguel went on camping tripswith other couples. Although Miguel was not religious, he accompanied Sharon tochurch every Sunday, where he was welcomed into the congregation. Miguel didn't just lose his girlfriend; he lost his entire social life, the supportivecommunity of Sharon's church. He lost his identity as a couple.
比如，沙伦非常乐于社交，也非常主动。每周她都会在家中办晚餐会。她和米格会和其他情侣或夫妻一起外出露营。虽然米格没有宗教信仰，每个星期日他会陪沙伦去教堂，在教堂，他也被会众欢迎。米格失去的不只是他的女友； 他失去了他的整个社交生活，那个支持他的社群，沙伦的教堂。他失去了身为「一对」的身分。
Now, Miguelre cognized the breakup had left this huge void in his life, but what he failedto recognize is that it left far more than just one. And that is crucial, notjust because it explains why heartbreak could be so devastating, but because ittells us how to heal. To fix your broken heart, you have to identify thesevoids in your life and fill them, and I mean all of them.
米格了解到，这次分手让他的人生留下了一个大空洞，但他没有发现，留下的空洞其实不只一个。那是很关键的一点，不单单因为它能解释为什么 心碎这么让人身心交瘁，也因为它告诉我们如何能治愈。要修补你破碎的心，你得要辨识出你人生中的那些空洞，并将之填补起来，我指的是全部的空洞。你身分中的空洞：你得要重新建立你自己和你的生活。
The voids in your identity: you have to reestablish who you are and what your life is about. Thevoids in your social life, the missing activities, even the empty spaces on thewall where pictures used to hang. But none of that will do any good unless youprevent the mistakes that can set you back, the unnecessary searches forexplanations, idealizing your ex instead of focusing on how they were wrong foryou, indulging thoughts and behaviors that still give them a starring role inthis next chapter of your life when they shouldn't be an extra.
你社交生活中的空洞：少掉的活动，甚至 墙壁上把以前挂的照片 取下后留下的空白处。但这些都不会有用，除非你能预防不要犯下让你走回头路的错误，不要一直去找没必要的解释，不要把你的前任给理想化，都不想想他们不适合你的地方，还沉迷在让他们 像明星的行为与思想中，在你人生的下一个章节 他们应该是多余的。
Getting over heartbreak is hard, but if yourefuse to be misled by your mind and you take steps to heal, you cansignificantly minimize your suffering. And it won't just be you who benefitfrom that. You'll be more present with your friends, more engaged with yourfamily, not to mention the billions of dollars of compromised productivity inthe workplace that could be avoided.
度过心碎是很难的，但如果你拒绝被你的大脑误导，且能采取疗愈的步骤，你就能显著地 将你所受的苦降至最低。受惠的不只有你。和朋友一起时，你就更能处在当下，和家人更紧密，更不用说在工作上因为生产力降低而造成的 数十亿损失，那是可避免的。
So if you know someone who is heartbroken,have compassion, because social support has been found to be important fortheir recovery. And have patience, because it's going to take them longer tomove on than you think it should. And if you're hurting, know this: it'sdifficult, it is a battle within your own mind, and you have to be diligent towin. But you do have weapons. You can fight. And you will heal.Thank you.(Applause)
所以，如果你认识一个心碎的人，要有同理心，因为社交上的支持已证实 对他们的恢复是很重要的。要有耐心，因为要让他们继续前进花的时间会比你预期的还长。如果你会痛，要知道这一点：这很辛苦，这是场 在你自己脑中的战斗，你得要很勤奋才能赢。但你确实有武器。你能战斗。且你会复原。谢谢。（掌声）
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