TED官方清单｜2018年最受欢迎的10个TED演讲，你看过几个？（附10个视频）
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TED的创始人（Chris Anderson）曾经说过“曾经，知识经济中的人说，你要保护如黄金般的知识，这是你唯一的价值。但是，当全球都联系在一起时，游戏规则改变了，每个人都互相关联，一切都会快速发展。当知识传播出去后，会以最快速度到达全球各地，得到反馈，得以传播，而它的潜在价值是无形的。”
近日，TED出了一份官方清单，认定这10个演讲是2018年最受欢迎的演讲，话说，你有看过几个呢？
2018年最受欢迎10个TED演讲集
1
How we need to remake the internet
我们该如何重塑互联网
“实际上，早在上世纪80年代，我就在TED做了第一次演讲，”Jaron Lanier说道。Jaron Lanie是一名身兼计算机科学家，作家以及虚拟现实技术先驱等多重身份的TED演讲者。“在那时，我们就清楚地知道，我们即将迎来一个前途未卜的旅程，彼时，我们所需要的技术，所钟爱的技术，也有可能将我们毁灭。”
Lanier说，在互联网还处于黎明破晓之际，人们就萌生了一个理想化的愿景——互联网应该是一个单纯让人们得以分享知识的开放平台。但同时，人们也预感到了它潜在的阴暗面。而Lanier认为，如今我们已经进入了互联网的阴暗面。广告推广模式在变，社交网络也在跟着变，为用户预制好社交“奖励”和“惩罚”。“我不能再把这些东西称为社交网络，”他说。“我称它为行为粉饰的社交国度”。
Lanier并不是在责怪硅谷或是这些工具的开发者，但他强调了现如今网络问题的严重性，并且鼓励大多数搜索工具和社交网络对使用或是订阅的用户实行收费模式。
“如果不解决这个问题，我想我们的生存都会变得岌岌可危，”他说。“我们的社会不能变成这样：两个人如果想要交流，只能由想要操纵他们的第三方出资支持，交流方能实现。”
In the early days of digital culture, Jaron Lanier helped craft a vision for the internet as public commons where humanity could share its knowledge — but even then, this vision was haunted by the dark side of how it could turn out: with personal devices that control our lives, monitor our data and feed us stimuli. (Sound familiar?) In this visionary talk, Lanier reflects on a "globally tragic, astoundingly ridiculous mistake" companies like Google and Facebook made at the foundation of digital culture — and how we can undo it. "We cannot have a society in which, if two people wish to communicate, the only way that can happen is if it's financed by a third person who wishes to manipulate them," he says.
A healthy economy should be
designed to thrive, not grow
健康的经济应该以繁荣为目的
而不只是增长！
一个可持续的，让大众受益的经济应该是什么样的？“就像一个甜甜圈，“牛津大学经济学家kate如是说。在这个令人大开眼界的演讲中，她解释了我们该如何让各国摆脱困境——人民缺乏生活必需品的困境——并在地球的生态界限以内创造可再生的分配式经济。
What would a sustainable, universally beneficial economy look like? "Like a doughnut," says Oxford economist Kate Raworth. In a stellar, eye-opening talk, she explains how we can move countries out of the hole — where people are falling short on life's essentials — and create regenerative, distributive economies that work within the planet's ecological limits.
Is the world getting better or worse?
A look at the numbers
世界变得更好还是更糟了?数字会告诉我们答案
https://v.qq.com/x/page/f0819c4zk8l.html
2017 年真是是史上最糟糕的一年吗？通过对凶杀率，战争，贫穷，污染及其他近期数据的分析，心理学家史蒂文 · 平克发现，我们在这些方面做得比 30 年前都要好。但进步并非理所当然，也不意味着对任何时候的每个人都变得更好。史蒂文 · 平克指出，进步是关于解决问题，我们应该关注气候变化，核战争这些等待解决的问题，而不是坐以待毙。他指出，“我们永远不会拥有完美的世界，寻找完美的世界是危险的”。“但如果将知识用于提升人类福祉，我们获取更美好事物的能力就是无限的”。
as 2017 really the "worst year ever," as some would have us believe? In his analysis of recent data on homicide, war, poverty, pollution and more, psychologist Steven Pinker finds that we're doing better now in every one of them when compared with 30 years ago. But progress isn't inevitable, and it doesn't mean everything gets better for everyone all the time, Pinker says. Instead, progress is problem-solving, and we should look at things like climate change and nuclear war as problems to be solved, not apocalypses in waiting."We will never have a perfect world, and it would be dangerous to seek one,"he says."But there's no limit to the betterments we can attain if we continue to apply knowledge to enhance human flourishing."
What are the most important moral problems of our time?
什么是我们时代最重要的道德议题？
https://v.qq.com/x/page/d0819u3u8o5.html
在科学革命与工业革命之后，人类似乎有了史无前例的力量，能够几乎随心所欲地改造我们的环境、追求更好的生活。但同时，这也带来了许许多多需要解决的重大社会、道德问题。如果我们在日常行动和职业生涯选择时希望将自身的存在和这些道德议题结合起来、推动它们的改变，面对高度复杂的现实，我们该如何决定选择哪一个议题（cause）来为之奋斗呢？
Of all the problems facing humanity, which should we focus on solving first? In a compelling talk about how to make the world better, moral philosopher Will MacAskill provides a framework for answering this question based on the philosophy of "effective altruism" — and shares ideas for taking on three pressing global issues.
What if we ended the injustice of bail?
假如我们结束不公正的保释金会如何？
https://v.qq.com/x/page/i0819srivh2.html
每个晚上，美国都有超过45万人因为无法支付保释金，而被关在监狱中。保释金的额度往往是500美元左右：对一些人来说很少，对另一些人来说则根本无法负担。这就导致了真实的人间悲剧——人们失去工作，失去房子，失去生命。这也让法制体系中的种族差异越来越大。洛宾 · 斯丁伯格有一个大胆的改变现状的想法。在这个震撼的演讲中，她为她的保释金工程画出了蓝图——一个史无前例的、全国的保释金代付基金，用来对抗大规模监禁。她充满野心的计划，是TED全新的、激励人们改变世界的“大胆计划”（Audacious Project）的第一批想法之一。
On any given night, more than 450,000 people in the United States are locked up in jail simply because they don't have enough money to pay bail. The sums in question are often around $500: easy for some to pay, impossible for others. This has real human consequences — people lose jobs, homes and lives, and it drives racial disparities in the legal system. Robin Steinberg has a bold idea to change this. In this powerful talk, she outlines the plan for The Bail Project — an unprecedented national revolving bail fund to fight mass incarceration. (This ambitious plan is one of the first ideas of The Audacious Project, TED's new initiative to inspire global change.)
Why I have coffee with people who send me hate mail
为什么我要与写仇恨邮件的人共饮咖啡
https://v.qq.com/x/page/x08199xtceo.html
从2007 年起，Özlem Cekic的邮箱中总是充满仇恨邮件——因为2007 年她成为了丹麦国会的一员——第一位女性穆斯林议员。一开始，她只是把信件刪除，认为不过是狂热分子的产物。直到有一天，有位朋友給了她超乎寻常的建议：去联系写仇恨信件的人，邀请他们见面，喝杯咖啡。在经过了数百次“#聊天咖啡”后，Cekic分享了面对面的谈话如何能有效地解除仇恨——并鼓励人们与自己不认同的人们取得联系。
Özlem Cekic's email inbox has been full of hate mail since 2007, when she won a seat in the Danish Parliament — becoming the first female Muslim to do so. At first she just deleted the emails, dismissing them as the work of fanatics, until one day a friend made an unexpected suggestion: to reach out to the hate mail writers and invite them to meet for coffee. Hundreds of"dialogue coffee" meetings later, Cekic shares how face-to-face conversation can be one of the most powerful forces to disarm hate — and challenges us all to engage with people we disagree with.
Why it's worth listening to people you disagree with
为何值得聆听那些与你意见不同的人
https://v.qq.com/x/page/o08194801k1.html
Wood说，透过和与我们意见不同的人交流想法，会令我们变得更强大，而非更脆弱。在这场关 于寻找共同点的重要演讲中，伍德举例，透过巧妙且深思后的方式，探讨有争议想法和陌生的观点，我们能 建立同理心并增进了解。伍德说：「拒绝反对的观点并不会让它们消失；为了在逆境中有所成长，我们需要 真正的投入，更深入了解人性。」
We get stronger, not weaker, by engaging with ideas and people we disagree with, says Zachary R. Wood. In an important talk about finding common ground, Wood makes the case that we can build empathy and gain understanding by engaging tactfully and thoughtfully with controversial ideas and unfamiliar perspectives. "Tuning out opposing viewpoints doesn't make them go away,"Wood says."To achieve progress in the face of adversity, we need a genuine commitment to gaining a deeper understanding of humanity."
Where are all the aliens?
外星人在哪里？
https://v.qq.com/x/page/o0819vqsuid.html
宇宙非常古老，大得不可思议，并且有数万亿颗行星——那么外星人都在哪里呢？天文学家斯蒂芬 · 韦伯对此有一个解释：我们在宇宙中是独一无二的。在这个让人大开眼界的演讲中，他讲述了一颗行星为了容纳外星文明而需要清除的巨大障碍——并且说明了我们可能是宇宙中绝无仅有的美丽之处。 “宇宙的沉默是在呐喊：'我们是幸运的生物'。”韦伯说。
The universe is incredibly old, astoundingly vast and populated by trillions of planets — so where are all the aliens? Astronomer Stephen Webb has an explanation: we're alone in the universe. In a mind-expanding talk, he spells out the remarkable barriers a planet would need to clear in order to host an extraterrestrial civilization — and makes a case for the beauty of our potential cosmic loneliness."The silence of the universe is shouting, 'We're the creatures who got lucky,'" Webb says.
The story of 'Oumuamua, the first visitor from another star system
奥陌陌，第一位来自其他星系的客人
https://v.qq.com/x/page/v0819ckau18.html
2017年10月，太空生物学家凯伦 J · 梅赫接到了一个电话，那是每个天文学家都在等待的电话：美国国家航空航天局（NASA）定位了首位来自其他星系的访客。一颗跨越星际的彗星——长800米，最终被命名为奥陌陌，在夏威夷语中是“侦查员”或者“信使”的意思——带来了一系列有趣的问题：它是新星系形成时的岩石残骸，还是被超新星爆炸撕裂的物质，或者是外星科技存在的证据，又或者完全是另外的东西？在这次引人入胜的演讲中，梅赫讲述了她的团队如何与时间赛跑，试图揭开这位远道而来的不速之客的神秘面纱.
In October 2017, astrobiologist Karen J. Meech got the call every astronomer waits for: NASA had spotted the very first visitor from another star system. The interstellar comet — a half-mile-long object eventually named `Oumuamua, from the Hawaiian for "scout" or "messenger" — raised intriguing questions: Was it a chunk of rocky debris from a new star system, shredded material from a supernova explosion, evidence of alien technology or something else altogether? In this riveting talk, Meech tells the story of how her team raced against the clock to find answers about this unexpected gift from afar.
10
How AI can save our humanity
AI和人类将来会如何共处?
https://v.qq.com/x/page/u0819l4n5ja.html
时隔26年，重返TED演讲台的创新工场创始人兼计算机科学家李开复博士详细介绍了美国和中国是如何推动一场深度学习革命的，并分享了人类如何利用同情心和创造力在人工智能时代茁壮成长的蓝图。“人工智能是偶然的。”李开复说。“这是为了把我们从日常工作中解放出来，也是为了提醒我们，我们因何为人。”李开复认为，在这场人工智能摧毁工作的浩劫中，唯有创造性工作才能从中全身而退。人类将面临的最大考验并非是失去工作，而是失去生活的意义。
AI is massively transforming our world, but there's one thing it cannot do: love. In a visionary talk, computer scientist Kai-Fu Lee details how the US and China are driving a deep learning revolution — and shares a blueprint for how humans can thrive in the age of AI by harnessing compassion and creativity."AI is serendipity,"Lee says."It is here to liberate us from routine jobs, and it is here to remind us what it is that makes us human."
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