TED | 没人曾告诉过你的职场建议

The career advice you probably didn't get

TED简介：工作中的每项任务都做对、每个正确的建议都听，但升迁都没你的份！为什么？苏珊‧科兰托诺分享了一个简单又惊人的潜规则，一个从来没人跟你明说的事实。这场演讲看似针对女性听众，却能让男性、女性、新鲜人、职场老鸟都受益良多。

演讲者：Susan Colantuono 苏珊·科兰托诺

片长：14：01https://v.qq.com/txp/iframe/player.html?vid=i03344vshfa&width=500&height=375&auto=0

中英对照翻译

Women represent 50 percent of middle management and professional positions, but the percentages of women at the top of organizations represent not even a third of that number. So some people hear that statistic and they ask, why do we have so few women leaders? 

女性占据50%的中层管理和专业职位，但在企业高层职务中女人所占的百分比，甚至还不到上述数字的三分之一。因此一些人听到这个统计数据后就会问，为什么女性领导者如此之少？

But I look at that statistic and, if you, like me, believe that leadership manifests at every level, you would see that there's a tremendous, awesome resource of leaders who are leading in middle management, which raises a different question: Why are there so many women mired in the middle and what has to happen to take them to the top?

但是我看着这个统计数据，并且，如果你跟我一样，相信那上面显示的各级别领导人数，你会看到中管管理有着数量惊人的杰出女性领导者，由此你会提出另一个问题：为什么有这么多女性卡在中层？她们怎样才能升到高层？

So some of you might be some of those women who are in middle management and seeking to move up in your organization. Well, Tonya is a great example of one of these women. I met her two years ago. She was a vice president in a Fortune 50 company, and she said to me with a sense of deep frustration, "I've worked really hard to improve my confidence and my assertiveness and develop a great brand, 

你们中的一些人可能正是那些正在寻求升职的女性中层管理者。嗯，汤娅是这些女性中一个典型例子。我两年前认识她。那时她是一家财富50强企业的副总裁，她怀着一种深深的挫败感对我说：“我很努力去提升我的自信和魄力，并且将自己打造成一个很棒的品牌，

I get terrific performance evals from my boss, my 360s in the organization let me know that my teams love working for me, I've taken every management course that I can here, I am working with a terrific mentor, and yet I've been passed over twice for advancement opportunities, even when my manager knows that I'm committed to moving up and even interested in an international assignment. I don't understand why I'm being passed over."

我从上司那里得到了很好的评价，公司的360度测评让我知道，我的团队很喜欢为我工作，我参加了公司所有管理课程，我跟一个很优秀的导师一起工作，但是我已经错失了两次升职机会，尽管我的经理知道我一直致力于升职并且愿意接受海外派遣。我不明白为什么我会错失晋升的机会。”

In order to move up in organizations, you have to be known for your leadership skills, and this would apply to any of you, women or men. It means that you have to be recognized for using the greatness in you to achieve and sustain extraordinary outcomes by engaging the greatness in others. 

为了在组织中获得晋升，你必须要显现你的领导才能，这也适用于你们中的所有人，不管是女性还是男性。这意味着你必须运用你的长处去获得认可，并让别人发挥优势去获得和维持非凡的成果。

Put in other language, it means you have to use your skills and talents and abilities to help the organization achieve its strategic financial goals and do that by working effectively with others inside of the organization and outside. And although all three of these elements of leadership are important, when it comes to moving up in organizations, they aren't equally important. So pay attention to the green box as I move forward.

换句话说，它意味着你必须使用你的技巧、天赋和才能，帮助企业实现 战略财务目标，并且通过与企业内外的人有效地合作，以达到上述目标。虽然领导能力中的这三个要素都很重要，但当涉及到在组织中获得晋升时，它们的重要性是不一样的。接下来请注意绿色柱条。

In seeking and identifying employees with high potential, the potential to go to the top of organizations, the skills and competencies that relate to that green box are rated twice as heavily as those in the other two elements of leadership. These skills and competencies can be summarized as business, strategic, and financial acumen. 

在寻找和确定拥有高潜能——那种能做到企业高层的潜能——的员工时，技巧和能力，也就是图中的绿色柱条，它们的重要性是领导能力中其它两个要素的两倍。这些技巧和能力 可以总结为商业、战略和财务智慧。

In other words, this skill set has to do with understanding where the organization is going, what its strategy is, what financial targets it has in place, and understanding your role in moving the organization forward. This is that missing 33 percent of the career success equation for women, not because it's missing in our capabilities or abilities, but because it's missing in the advice that we're given.

换句话说，这套技能必须要与理解企业发展方向、发展战略、财务目标相结合，并且要理解你在企业发展过程中所扮演的角色。这就是女性的事业成功方程式中那迷失的33%，不是因为我们的才能不足，而是因为没能得到合理的建议。

They said, "We look for employees who are great with our customers, who empower their teams, who negotiate effectively, who are able to manage conflict well, and are overall great communicators." Which element of leadership does that equate to? Engaging the greatness in others.

他们说，“我们寻找那些能够与客户融洽相处，能够增强团队力量，能够有效谈判，能够妥善处理冲突的员工，总的来说就是非常善于沟通的人。“ 这又是哪个领导力要素呢？帮助他人发挥优势。

And then they pretty much stopped. So I asked, "Well, what about people who understand your business, where it's going, and their role in taking it there? And what about people who are able to scan the external environment, identify risks and opportunities, make strategy or make strategic recommendations? And what about people who are able to look at the financials of your business, understand the story that the financials tell, and either take appropriate action or make appropriate recommendations?"

这时他们默不作声。因此我就问，“嗯，那你们怎么看待那些了解公司业务，知道公司走向，并且知道自己在其中扮演什么角色的人呢？你们怎么看待那些能够审视外部环境，识别危险和机遇，制定策略或者提出战略性建议的人呢？以及如何看待那些面对公司财务报表能理解它所透露出来的讯息，然后采取适当行动或者提出适当建议的人呢？

So this is obvious, right? But how can it be? Well, there are primarily three reasons that there's this missing 33 percent in the career success advice given to women? When organizations direct women toward resources that focus on the conventional advice that we've been hearing for over 40 years, there's a notable absence of advice that relates to business, strategic and financial acumen. 

这很明显，对吧？但是为什么会这样呢？嗯，主要有三个原因可以解释为什么给女性关于成功职业的建议中有一个失踪的33%。当企业给女性提供指导时，一般都集中在传统的建议，我们已经听了超过40年的那种建议，而对于那些跟商业、战略和财务目标有关的建议则很少提到。

Much of the advice is emphasizing personal actions that we need to take, like become more assertive, become more confident, develop your personal brand, things that Tonya's been working on, and advice about working with other people, things like learn to self-promote, get a mentor, enhance your network, and virtually nothing said about the importance of business, strategic and financial acumen. 

大多数建议都是强调那些我们需要采取的个人行动，比如说变得更加坚定、更加自信，打造自己的个人品牌，也就是汤娅一直在努力实现的那些目标，以及一些关于如何与其他人共事的建议，比如说学会自我推销、找一个导师、增强你的人际网络。事实上没人说过商业、策略和财务智慧的重要性。

This doesn't mean that this advice is unimportant. What it means is that this is advice that's absolutely essential for breaking through from career start to middle management, but it's not the advice that gets women to break through from the middle, where we're 50 percent, to senior and executive positions. And this is why conventional advice to women in 40 years hasn't closed the gender gap at the top and won't close it.

但这并不意味着这个建议不重要。而是意味着这个建议是从职业生涯开端向中层管理突破所必需的建议，但它不是那种能让女性从中层管理——这个女性占据50%份额的位置——向高管职位突破的建议。这就是为什么这些给女性的传统建议在这40年间并没有缩小高层职位上的性别差异，而且将来也不会缩小。

Now, the second reason relates to Tonya's comments about having had excellent performance evals, great feedback from her teams, and having taken every management training program she can lay her hands on. So you would think that she's getting messages from her organization through the talent development systems and performance management systems that let her know how important it is to develop business, strategic and financial acumen, but here again, that green square is quite small. 

接下来，第二个原因跟为什么汤娅在上级那里得到很好的评价、从团队里得到不错的反馈、并且参加了所有能参加的管理课程，却得不到晋升有关。你可能会认为她通过人才发展系统和绩效管理系统从公司获得了信息，让她知道发展商业、策略和财务智慧是多么重要，但是你看，绿色柱条还是非常小。

On average, talent and performance management systems in the organizations that I've worked with focus three to one on the other two elements of leadership compared to the importance of business, strategic and financial acumen, which is why typical talent and performance systems haven't closed and won't close the gender gap at the top.

平均来说，在我工作过的那些组织里的人才和绩效管理系统对于另外两项领导能力要素的重视是商业、策略和财务智慧的三倍，这就是为什么传统的人才和绩效管理系统过去并没有，而且将来也不会缩小高层管理中的性别差异。

Now, Tonya also talked about working with a mentor, and this is really important to talk about, because if organizations, talent and performance systems aren't giving people in general information about the importance of business, strategic and financial acumen, how are men getting to the top? Well, there are primarily two ways. One is because of the positions they're guided into, and the other is because of informal mentoring and sponsorship.

汤娅也谈到过跟导师一起工作，这个真的很重要，因为如果组织的人才和绩效管理系统没有给大家提供关于商业、策略和财务智慧 重要性的信息，那么男性又是如何获得提升的呢？主要来说有两种方式。一个是因为他们会被引导进入这些职位，另一个是私下的指导 和支持。

So what this illustrates is that as managers, whether we're women or men, we have mindsets about women and men, about careers in leadership, and these unexamined mindsets won't close the gender gap at the top. So how do we take this idea of the missing 33 percent and turn it into action? Well, for women, the answer is obvious: we have to begin to focus more on developing and demonstrating the skills we have that show that we're people who understand our businesses, where they're headed, and our role in taking it there. 

所以这说明作为主管，不管我们是女是男，我们都对于女性和男性、 对于他们的领导能力有不同的心态，而这些未经检验的心态不可能缩小高层管理中的性别差距。那我们要如何看待 失踪的33% 并采取措施呢？对于女性来说，答案很明显：我们必须开始集中更多精力 发展和展现那些我们已有的、能显示出我们是那种理解企业业务和发展走向以及自己定位的技能。

That's what enables that breakthrough from middle management to leadership at the top. But you don't have to be a middle manager to do this. One young scientist that works in a biotech firm used her insight about the missing 33 percent to weave financial impact data into a project update she did and got tremendous positive feedback from the managers in the room.

这样，我们才能从中层管理向高层突破。我们不用等到中层管理才这样做。有一个生物技术公司的青年科学家利用她对失踪的33%的了解将财务影响数据编进了她做的一个项目更新报告里，然后获得了管理层 极大的正面反馈。

So we don't want to put 100 percent of the responsibility on women's shoulders, nor would it be wise to do so, and here's why: In order for companies to achieve their strategic financial goals, executives understand that they have to have everyone pulling in the same direction. In other words, the term we use in business is, we have to have strategic alignment. And executives know this very well, and yet only 37 percent, according to a recent Conference Board report, believe that they have that strategic alignment in place. 

我们不想将责任100%的压在女性肩膀上，这样做也不理智，原因如下：为了让公司达到 战略性财务目标，主管们明白他们必须让所有人向同一个方向使劲。换句话说，用商业术语来说就是，我们必须要有战略一致性。主管们很清楚这一点，但是根据世界大型企业联合会的最新报告，只有37%的主管相信他们拥有战略一致性。

So for 63 percent of organizations, achieving their strategic financial goals is questionable. And if you think about what I've just shared, that you have situations where at least 50 percent of your middle managers haven't received clear messaging that they have to become focused on the business, where it's headed, and their role in taking it there, it's not surprising that that percentage of executives who are confident about alignment is so low, which is why there are other people who have a role to play in this. 

所以有63%的组织，对于能不能达到他们的战略财务目标还存有疑问。想一下我刚才所说的，如果你有至少50%的中层管理没有收到明确的信息，不知道他们必须专注于业务和它的走向以及他们在其中扮演的角色，那么也就不必惊讶为什么对于战略一致性有信心的主管的比例会如此的低，这也是为什么他们需要别人的帮忙。

It's important for directors on boards to expect from their executives proportional pools of women when they sit down once a year for their succession discussions. Why? Because if they aren't seeing that, it could be a red flag that their organization isn't as aligned as it could potentially be. It's important for CEOs to also expect these proportional pools, and if they hear comments like, "Well, she doesn't have enough business experience," ask the question, "What are we going to do about that?"

对于董事会来说很期待在每年的会议上看到一定比例的女性主管。为什么呢？因为如果不是这样的话，那可能就是一个危险信号，说明他们组织的一致性不如预期理想。对于首席执行官来说，这一比例也很重要，如果他们听到类似于“她没有足够的商业经验”这样的评论，那么就要问“我们要怎样去解决这个问题？”

 It's important for H.R. executives to make sure that the missing 33 percent is appropriately emphasized, and it's important for women and men who are in management positions to examine the mindsets we hold about women and men, about careers and success, to make sure we are creating a level playing field for everybody.

对于人事主管们来说确保失踪的33% 被适当地强调很重要，对于处在管理职位上的女性和男性来说审视我们对于女性和男性、事业和成功所持有的不同心态也很重要，确保我们是在为所有人创造一个平等的竞争环境。

So let me close with the latest chapter in Tonya's story. Tonya emailed me two months ago, and she said that she had been interviewed for a new position, and during the interview, they probed about her business acumen and her strategic insights into the industry, and she said that she was so happy to report that now she has a new position reporting directly to the chief information officer at her company. 

让我用汤娅故事的最新章节来结束今天的演讲。2个月前，汤娅给我发了邮件，她说她当时面试了一个新职位，面试中，他们考察了她的商业才智和她对于行业的战略观点，她说她很高兴地向我报告现在她有了一个新职位，直接向公司首席信息官报告。

So for some of you, the missing 33 percent is an idea for you to put into action, and I hope that for all of you, you will see it as an idea worth spreading in order to help organizations be more effective, to help women create careers that soar, and to help close the gender gap at the top.

所以对你们中的一些人来说，失踪的33%是一个让你付诸行动的想法，并希望对你们所有人都有所帮助，你会看到它是一个值得传播的想法，它可以帮助组织提高效率，帮助女性获得升迁，以及帮助缩小高层管理中的性别差距。

Thank you.

谢谢

(Applause)

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PS:作者在讨论消失的那33%，其实我们大部分人都不懂我们到底缺失了哪一项能力，让我们一直不能得到提升。

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