专四专八 | 专八2018年真题听力 - TEM8-interview（2018）

为帮助大家高效备考，我们近期将在专四考前不定期推出针对专四听写适应性练习，敬请收听；限于平台每日推送图文条数限制，当期同一图文内同步推送专四词汇、写作等其它相关资讯，供大家学习参考使用。

• 专四听写训练

建议应试步骤：

考生可按照听前预测、听中记录、听后检查三个步骤来完成听写，考生要尝试将每一部分有机结合到一起。

1. 听前预测：考生在听录音前对录音原文的内容和词汇进行预测。由于试卷已经给出所听写文章标题，因而考生可以根据原文的标题，再结合平时积累的文化常识，大致判断出原文的主题、内容和可能会出现的词汇。

2. 听中记录：考生在听写的过程中要注意合理安排，熟练掌握速记方法。合理安排指的是考生听写每一遍录音时，侧重点应有所不同。

第一遍：第一遍录音是匀速朗读，意群之间没有停顿，因而，建议考生在听这一遍时以听懂大意为主，速记个别实词(主要是动词和名词)为辅。

第二遍：在第二遍录音中，每个意群后录音会停顿15秒，这时考生就要结合第一遍听到的大意，尽量逐字逐句写出每个意群的内容。根据听力信息处理和输出的特点，建议考生将听写的侧重点放在每个意群的首尾部分，因为这是考生最能听清且短时间内记得最清楚的部分。

第三遍：第三遍录音与第二遍的朗读模式一致，考生在听这一遍录音时应重点关注句子中间的实词和结构性的虚词，即关注第二遍没有关注的所有细节。在听完这一遍后，考生应该把文章的每个意群都基本写下来了，同时对文章的内容细节基本清晰。

第四遍：第四遍录音与第一遍的朗读模式一致，考生在听这一遍录音时，应将重点放在查缺补漏上。对于前三遍还没听写出来的部分，考生要在听这一遍录音时，结合语义、语感进行补充。

3. 听后检查：考生在听完四遍录音后，有两分钟的时间用于检查听写的内容。考生应充分利用这两分钟，通读自己写的全文，查找语法、语义和单词拼写错误，并根据逻辑对明显错误之处进行必要的更正。

BBC: Good evening, listeners. This is BBC. Today, we are very delighted to have invited James Dobbins, U.S. special representative for Afghanistan, to tell us electoral process in Afghanistan currently. Well, James, how are you reading what’s happening in Afghanistan at the moment?

Ambassador Dobbins: We’re concerned about the trend in events. We have been concerned for some time that the electoral process hasn’t been moving forward smoothly. We believe that there needs to be a powerful and transparent audit of potentially fraudulent ballots and we’re sorry that hasn’t moved forward quickly and substantially enough. We regret the preliminary announcement of results that was made yesterday. We think that was premature given that there are still a number of ballots that need to be examined and there’s not yet a clear agreement on how best to do so. We do believe that --

BBC: Forgive me for interrupting, James. Can I ask you why you think that announcement was made yesterday?

Ambassador Dobbins: I think it was made because the electoral institutions had previously set that date and they held to it despite advice to the contrary from the UN, from the United States, and from other voices within Afghanistan, and we think that was unfortunate.

BBC: Is there another reason that could be slightly more favorable, that is, they wanted to prepare the ground because if they just came out with one final result at the end of all this, then it can be pretty predictable that the loser, whoever it was going to be, was going to complain because they think it is unfair?

Ambassador Dobbins: I think it’s our view that they didn’t have a basis for preparing the ground because there’s such a large number of votes that still need to be examined and that therefore any preliminary result might be more misleading than preparing the ground.

BBC: In terms now of where this goes, we’ve already heard some very strong, very emotional language from the camp of the man who appears to be on the losing side of all this, Dr. Abdullah Abdullah. What have you been saying to him in order to try and calm those feelings?

Ambassador Dobbins: Well, we have heard talk about establishing a parallel presidency. We made clear that the United States and its partners are not in a position to support a divided Afghanistan. That any effort to establish a parallel presidency would make it impossible for the United States and its partners to continue their financial, economic and military support, and that the consequences for the country would be potentially quite terrible.

Clearly, this is not something the Afghan population wants. It’s not something they were voting for. And it’s not something that they expect to happen, but it could be the consequences of ill-considered action.

This the end of Part 1 of the interview. Questions 1 to 5 are based on what you have just heard.

• Q1: Which aspect of the election event is the interviewee most concerned about? Q2: Why was the announcement made yesterday, according to the interviewee?

• Q3: According to the BBC interviewer, why did the electoral institution want to prepare the ground?

• Q4: What did the interviewee think of the BBC’s reason of preparing the ground? Q5: What is the interviewee’s attitude towards establishing parallel presidency?

Now listen to Part Two of the interview.

BBC: Let me turn it on to the man who may end up the winner, Mr. Ashraf Ghani. What pressure, if any, are you trying to bring on him to ensure that whatever happens he tried to include Abdullah Abdullah, or Abdullah Abdullah’s people in any future government?

Ambassador Dobbins: We’re not making any presumptions about who might be the winner or who might be the loser, and we think it’s premature for anybody to be doing so. We’ve made clear to both candidates that two things need to happen. First of all, there needs to be a robust and transparent process for determining the winner; and there’s still a good deal of work to be done there. And secondly, we believe that both candidates need to begin discussing the formation of a government that would have the support of all important components and elements within the country, a government of national unity that would ensure that all of the significant sectors of Afghan society feel included.

BBC: You’re saying it’s all a bit hasty to say whether one side or the other has won or lost. It is difficult, is it not, to see this result being overturned? This is a flat margin of victory at the moment -- 56 percent to 44 percent. It would be extraordinary to see that overturned in the space of a couple of weeks.

Ambassador Dobbins: I think both candidates have agreed that there was extensive fraud in the electoral process. Both candidates have agreed that the suspect ballots need to be audited. They haven’t agreed on exactly how to go about that.

We believe it’s the responsibility of the electoral institutions to go ahead and conduct that kind of broad audit, whether or not the candidates have agreed on every precise element of the process, they will have to do it, and we believe until they’ve done so it’s premature to be coming to any judgments.

BBC: It is worrying though, isn’t it? I suppose it was all too predictable that democracy is an imperfect thing in Afghanistan and that undoubtedly there has been fraud, we’ve heard all sorts of reports that project there have been a measure of fraud, and whoever was going to lose in this election was going to say it’s been by unfair means.

Ambassador Dobbins: I agree with you that Afghanistan is a relatively new democracy. That countries at this stage of democratic development often have difficulties of this sort. That there’s not a tradition of good losers in societies at this level of political development. And in that sense, the problem we face is not unparalleled. There are other countries who have gone through similar difficulties. Nevertheless, the fact is that millions of Afghans went out and voted in the expectation that their vote would count. That numerous polls indicate that most Afghans are prepared to support either candidate as the victor. That is that most Afghans have said that they could accept the person they didn’t vote for winning the election if that was the result.

So, while the problems we face are not unparalleled, the Afghan voters expect something better.

BBC: James, I am so grateful to you. I hugely appreciate you answering it and answering all the other questions as well.

Ambassador Dobbins: Pleasure.

This the end of Part 2 of the interview. Questions 6 to 10 are based on what you have just heard.

• Q6: What is the interviewee think bother candidates need to do? Q7: What was the margin victory at the time of the interview?

• Q8: Who should be responsible for dealing with fraud in the election? Q9: What does the interviewee think of the problem in Afghan election? Q10: What is the interview mainly about?

TEM8-interview（2018）

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