病例学习:疑似气胸而不是气胸,形像而神不是?
Figure 1:
Posteroanterior (PA) chest radiograph depicts an increased translucency of the whole right hemithorax and also severe lateral displacement of the mediastinal structures (a).
Fig 1. Preoperative imaging. (A) Initial chest radiograph demonstrated a large pneumothorax (*) with extensive left hemithoracic bullous disease (**). (B–E) Axial computed tomography of the chest progressing caudally show large bullae occupying almost the entire hemithorax with atelectatic lung compressed medially. The chest tube (arrow) courses toward the apex between remnant lung and adjacent bullae.
Fig 2. Intraoperative images. (A)Hemosiderin deposits (thin arrows), a sign of chronicity, infiltrating the hypoplastic anterior basilar segment of the lower lobe (*) overlying healthy lung parenchyma (**). (B) The affected segment was resected and (C) the gross specimen with emphysematous changes (thick arrow) was extracted.
病例2
Figure 1A and 1B: Chest X-ray of the case showing the herniated right upper lobe and right middle lobe cross the anterior mediastinum to the other side.
Figure 2: Plain chest computed tomography showing the enlarged right upper and middle lobes (RUL and RML) crossing the anterior mediastinum. Right horizontal fissure (triangle) and oblique fissure (arrow) can be seen from the CT scan. The mediastinum is evidently misplaced with left pulmonary dysplasia.
Figure 3A and 3B: Three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction including the coronal plane (A) and the sagittal plane (B) of chest CT scan also showed the large RUL and RML crossed the anterior mediastinum and herniated to the left thorax.
病例3
Figure 1. Initial Chest X-Ray. Note the major mediastinal shift and unilateral hyperlucency.
332x277mm (96 x 96 DPI)
Figure 2. Chest Computed Tomography. Extensive emphysema in the right middle lobe and compressive atelectasis of the right upper lobe.
In blue, Line: Fissure between the right middle lobe and right lower lobe,
Arrow: Right Lower Lobe, Arrowhead: Atelectatic right upper lobe at level of bronchial takeoff.
190x190mm (96 x 96 DPI)
Figure 3. Gross Pathology of bilobectomy specimen (right middle and lower lobes, medial aspect). The lower lobe appears normal, compared to the adjacent over-distended and emphysematous middle lobe. The bronchus intermedius is visible, without endobronchial obstruction.
237x190mm (96 x 96 DPI)
Figure 4. Post-surgical Chest X-ray. Expanded right upper lobe, with small post-surgical pneumothorax.
762x609mm (96 x 96 DPI)
病例4
病例5
病例6
病例7
肺叶切除术是治疗的选择,大多数患者预后良好。
临床警示
CLE是一种罕见的病因不明的疾病,很少见于成人。
胸片和临床资料可高度怀疑。CT被用作确认检查,并作为外科手术参考。
肺叶切除术是治疗的选择,并有良好的结果,诸如VATS等新技术的出现带来了良好的效果。未来,支气管内瓣膜似乎是一个潜在的选择。
参考文献:【上下滑动查看更多】
1.An Unusual Presentation of Congenital Lobar Emphysema
2.Near Complete Obliteration of the Left Hemithorax by Congenital Lobar Emphysema in an Adult
3.Congenital Lobar Emphysema in an Elderly Patient
4.Congenital Lobar Emphysema in an Adult
5.Asymptomatic Congenital Lobar Emphysema in a Young Adult
6.Congenital lobar emphysema in an adult
7.Congenital lobar emphysema associated with polysplenia syndrome
8.Congenital Lobar Emphysema Association With Double Superior Vena Cava and Horseshoe Kidney
9.Pulmonary Imaging Abnormalities in an Adult Case of Congenital Lobar Emphysema