2020年考研英语（二）试题及答案汇总（仅供参考）
完形填空
1、tricky 2、forexample 3、fortunately 4、assist 5、while 6、task 7、tolerant 8、push 9、inevitable 10、harsh 11、turnback 12、however 13、regret 14、affect 15、cool 16、importance 17、confronted 18、hard 19、changing 20、escape
Section II Reading Comprehension Part A
Why CEOs Actually Deserve Their Gazillion-Dollar Salaries
By Tyler Cowen
April 11, 2019
IDEAS
Cowen is Holbert L harris chair of economics at George Mason University and the author most recently of Big Business: A Love Letter to an American Anti-Hero.
It is fashionable today to bash Big Business. And there is one issue on which the many critics agree: CEO pay. We hear that CEOs are paid too much (or too much relative to workers), or that they rig others' pay, or that their pay is insufficiently related to positive outcomes. But the more likely truth is CEO pay is largely caused by intense competition.
It is true that CEO pay has gone up-top ones may make 300 times the pay of typical workers on average, and since the mid-1970s, CEO pay for large publicly traded American corporations has, by varying estimates, gone up by about 500%. The typical CEO of a top American corporation-from the 350 largest such companies--now makes about $18.9 million a year.
While individual cases of overpayment definitely exist, in general, the determinants of CEO pay are not so mysterious and not so mired in corruption.
In fact, overall CEO compensation for the top companies rises pretty much in lockstep with the value of those companies on the stock market.
The best model for understanding the growth of CEO pay, though, is that of limited CEO talent in a world where business opportunities for the top firms are growing rapidly. The efforts of America s highest-earning 1% have been one of the more dynamic elements of the global economy. It's not popular to say, but one reason their pay has gone up so much is that CEOs really have upped their game relative to many other workers in the U.S. economy.
Today's CEO, at least for major American firms, must have many more skills than simply being able to run the company CEOs must have a good sense of financial markets and maybe even how the company should trade in them. They also need better public relations skills than their predecessors, as the costs of even a minor slipup can be significant. then there s the fact that large American companies are much more globalized than ever before, with supply chains spread across a larger number of countries. To lead in that system requires know ledge that is fairly mind-boggling.
There is yet another trend: virtually all major American companies are becoming tech companies, one way or another. An agribusiness company, for instance, may focus on R&D in highly IT-intensive areas such as genome sequencing. Similarly, it is hard to do a good job running the Walt Disney Company just by picking good movie scripts and courting stars; you also need to build a firm capable of creating significant CGi products for animated movies at the highest levels of technical sophistication and with many frontier innovations along the way.
On top of all of this, major CEOs still have to do the job they have always done--which includes motivating employees, serving as an internal role model, helping to define and extend a corporate culture, understanding the internal accounting and presenting budgets and business plans to the board. Good CEOs are some of the world's most potent creators and have some of the very deepest skills of understanding.
26. which of the following has contributed to CEO pay rise?
A. The growth in the number of cooperations
B. The general pay rise with a better economy
C. Increased business opportunities for top firms
D. Close cooperation among leading economics
27.Compared with their predecessors, today's CEOs are required to ___.
A. foster a stronger sense of teamwork
B. finance more reaserach and development
C.establish closer ties with tech companies
D.operate more globalized companies
28. CEO pay has been rising since the 1970s despite ____.
A.continual internal opposition
B. strict corporate governance
C.conservative business strategies
D.repeated governance warnings
29.High CEO pay can be justified by the fact that it helps ___.
A.confirm the status of CEOs
B.motive inside candidates
C.boost the efficiency of CEOs
D.increase corporate value
30.The most suitable title for this text would be ___.
A.CEOs Are Not Overpaid
B. CEO Pay : Past and Present
C.CEOs' Challenges of Today
D.CEO Traits: Not Easy to Define
31. Which of the following is true about Madrid’s clean air zone?
A. Its effects are questionable.
B. It has been opposed by a judge.
C. Its fate is yet to be decided.()
D. It needs tougher enforcement.
32. Which is considered a weakness of the city-level measures to tackle dirty air?
A. They are biased against car manufacturers.
B. They prove impractical for city councils.
C. They are deemed too mild for politicians.
D. They put too much burden on individual motorists.()
33. The author believes that the extension of London’s Ulez will .
A. arouse strong resistance.()
B. ensure Khan’s electoral success.
C. improve the city’s traffic.
D. discourage car manufacturing.
34. Who does the author think should have addressed the problem?
A. Local residents B. Mayors. C. Councilors. D. National governments.()
35. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that auto companies .
A. will raise low-emission car production
B. should be forced to follow regulations()
C. will upgrade the design of their vehicles
D. should be put under public supervision
36. Generation Zs graduating college this spring----
A. are recognized for their abilities.
B. are optimistic about the labor market.
C.are in favor of office job offers.
D. are drawing growing public attention.
37. Generation Zs are keenly aware________
A.What their parents expect of them
B.How valuable a counselor’s advice is
C.What a tough economic situation is like
D.How they differ from past generation
38. assuage (line 9 paragraph 2)
A. deepen B. define C. maintain D. relieve
39. It can be learned from Para. 3 that Generation 2s____
A. give top priority to professional training
B. have a clear idea about theri future jobs
C. care little about their job performance
D. think it hard to achieve wrok-life balance
text 1
21.A.pick up social signals from non-living rats
22.D.It moved around alone.
23.B.expected it to do the same in return
24.C.respond more to actions to looks
25.D.are more sensitive to social than expected
text 2
26.D.increased business opportunities for top firms
27.A.operate more globalized companies
28.C.strict corporate governance
29.A.increase corporate value
30.B.CEOs are not overpaid
text 3
31.B. Its fate is yet to be decided
32.C. They put the burden on individual motorists.
33.D. arouse strong resistance
34.D. national governance
35.A. should be forced to follow regulations
text 4
36. C.are drawing growing attention
37. B.what a tough economic situation is like
38. C.relieve
39. A.have a clear idea about future jobs.
40. Lessadventurous
新题型阅读
41. Reveal,don’t hide information
42. Slowdown & listen
43. Spendtime with everyone
44. Givecompliment just not too often
45. tailor your interaction
翻译
试题来源：
文章来源于著名的个人能力提升网站Mind tools，其团队创作的一篇文章：Overcoming Fear of Failure: Facing Your Fear of Moving Forward。命题人选择了文章中The Definition of Failure，即“失败的定义”这个部分，略有删节。文章共有10句话，共三段，有长句，无难句。难度维持在英语二翻译的正常难度。
It's almost impossible to go through life without experiencing some kind of failure. But, the wonderful thing about failure is that it's entirely up to us to decide how to look at it.
We can choose to see failure as "the end of the world," or as proof of just how inadequate we are. Or, we can look at failure as the incredible learning experience that it often is. Every time we fail at something, we can choose to look for the lesson we're meant to learn. These lessons are very important; they're how we grow, and how we keep from making that same mistake again. Failures stop us only if we let them.
Failure can also teach us things about ourselves that we would never have learned otherwise. For instance, failure can help you discover how strong a person you are. Failing at something can help you discover your truest friends, or help you find unexpected motivation to succeed.
英语二
英语二大作文儿是一个图表题，然后那个图表题上面写的是某高校，学生手机阅读使用的情况大概是百分之五十七点多，接近58%的同学是用它学习，百分之二十七点儿多多同学是用它查资料，2%，21的同学是用它娱乐，剩下2%的话是未知，然后写出描述图片，并写出个人的，评价。
【参考范文】
The above chart provides a series of impressive data regarding how college students using their smart phones To be concrete, the percentage of studying occupies 58 percent, ranking the first one in the graph, followed by referring to materials whose proportion reaches 28 percent, with having fun and other purposes accounting for 12 percent, and 2 percent respectively.
There is no denying in saying that in recent decades, the number of college students using their smart phone to study has been steadily and continuously increasing due to the fact that the advancement of modern society’s technology. Besides, it is not hard to understand that smart phone has become a necessary part in college student’s daily life, thus attracting an increasing number of students to enjoy themselves by their phone. Furthermore, with people’s living styles changing, students prefer to develop their social life on internet and find more useful information to satisfy their academic and life’s needs.
So what will be the possible tendency of the phenomenon reflected by the chart in the future? From my perspective, this established tendency is positive and acceptable. As a result, it is unnecessary for the public to regard it with apprehension.
【参考译文】
上面的图表提供了一系列令人印象深刻的数据，主要是关于大学生如何使用他们的智能手机，具体来说,学习的比例占58%，在图中排名第一，其次是查阅材料的比例达到28%,娱乐和其他目分别占12%和2%。
不可否认，近几十年由于现代社会技术的进步，大学生使用智能手机学习的数量一直在稳步增长。而且，智能手机已经成为大学生日常生活中必不可少的一部分，因此吸引了越来越多的学生使用手机。此外，随着人们生活方式的改变，学生更喜欢在网上发展他们的社交生活，找到更多有用的信息来满足他们的学术和生活需求。
那么，图表所反映的趋势在未来会是什么呢?在我看来，这种既定的趋势是积极和可以接受的。因此，公众没有必要担心它。
【解题思路】
作文为饼状图，图表主题和四个主要要素都已经给出中文提示，同学们在一段根据图表信息进行描述即可，主要不要拼错单词。中间段可以探索图表现象的出现原因，从经济社会和科技发展的角度进行拓展，可以适当应用自己准备的经典句型，要注意各个论点之间的逻辑连接。最后尾段的书写可以展望外来趋势或者总结概括图表内容。
范文二
一段：As is apparently demonstrated in the chart above, we are informed some information concerning college students’ reading intentions with mobile phones in a certain university. To be more specific, with the help of cell phones, the proportions of college students’ spending on study take a lion’s share, accounting for up to 59.5%. Then those who would like to spend more time on goofing, browsing information and others occupy approximately 20%, 17% and 2% respectively.
二段：There are diverse components contributing to the above trend, but generally speaking, they may put down to the following two aspects. Initially, there is no doubt that recent years have witnessed the rapid development of economy, and people’s living standards have been improved remarkably, as a result of which, an increasing number of parents are likely to buy their children a smart phone, which may provide possibility for students to apply more advanced equipment into study, to the extent that their learning efficiency and reading horizons would be improved. Simultaneously, along with the development of technology and the advancement of the Internet, a growing quantity of college students’ reading habits have been changed because mobile phones would offer more convenience during their study, which should be taken into account.
三段：Based on the discussion above, a conclusion can be drawn safely that college students’ reading habits adhere to youngsters’ characteristics and comply with the trait of the new era. Given the data above, it is well predicted that this trend as reflected by the pie chart above will continue for a while in the near future. Nevertheless, there are also some potential risks if college students are too addicted to mobile phones; therefore, it is advisable for youngsters to arrange time reasonably during using cell phones.
英语二
小作文：给国际学生推荐名胜古迹
Directions:
Suppose you are planning a tour of historical site for a group of a international students
1) Say something about the site
2) give some tips for the tour
You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.
Do not use your own name at the end of the email. Use “Li Ming” instead.
Do not write the address. (10 points)
【参考范文】
Dear friends,
As a member of the Students Union, I am writing this letter to inform you that we are going to visit the Forbidden City next week.
As you know, the Forbidden City, which is also known as the Palace Museum, embodies this nations profound and diversified ancient culture with its magnificent architecture and precious treasures. During this trip, it is advisable to pay closer attention to the tourist introduction of each site,which includes its origin, cultural background as well as translation in multiple languages.
I hope that you will enjoy the journey. If you have any further question, please do not hesitate to reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
【参考范文译文】
亲爱的朋友，
作为学生会的成员之一，我写这封信是为了通知大家我们下周要去参观紫禁城。
众所周知，紫荆城，又名故宫博物馆，体现了我们国家深邃而多元的古代文化，在那里您可以欣赏壮丽的建筑及珍贵的宝藏。旅行期间，大家可以多多关注景点介绍，它会提供景点由来，文化背景以及不同语言的翻译。
我希望你们玩得愉快，如果还有疑问，请及时回复。
您真诚的，
李明
1-20：DCBDC CBCAB ADBCA DBCCC
21-45 ADBBDDDCAA BCDDACBCAC FGEBD
来源：网络，由公众号“大民说英语”综合整理。
微信扫一扫
关注该公众号