大学英语四级阅读理解A部分解题思路

——以2019年6月四级真题为例

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on ANSWER SHEET 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Ships are often sunk in order to create underwater reefs (暗礁) perfect for scuba driving (水肺式潜泳) and preserving marine  26 . Turkish authorities have just sunk something a little different than a ship, and it wouldn’t normally ever touch water, an Airbus A300. The hollowed-out A300 was  27  of everything potentially harmful to the environment and sunk off the Aegean coast today. Not only will the sunken plane  28  the perfect skeleton for artificial reef growth, but authorities hope this new underwater attraction will bring tourist to the area.

The plane  29  a total length of 54 meters, where experienced scuba divers will  30  be able to venture through the cabin and around the plane's  31 . Aydin Municipality bought the plane from a private company for just under US$100,000, but they hope to see a return on that  32  through the tourism industry. Tourism throughout Turkey is expected to fall this year as the country has been the  33  of several deadly terrorist attacks. As far as sunken planes go, this Airbus A300 is the largest  34  sunk aircraft ever.

Taking a trip underwater and  35  the inside of a sunken A300 would be quite an adventure, and that is exactly what Turkish authorities are hoping this attraction will make people think. Drawing in adventure seekers and experienced divers, this new artificial Airbus reef will be a scuba diver's paradise(天堂).

A)create	B)depressed	C)eventually	D)experiences
E)exploring	F)exterior	G)habitats	H)innovate
I)intentionally	J)investment	K)revealing	L)stretches
M)stripped	N)territory	O)victim

解题思路

1. 浏览一下15个备选项，可以根据词性将它们分为名词、动词、形容词、副词；如果再细分，名词又可以分为单数和复数两种形式，动词又可以分为动词原形、第三人称单数、-ed形式和-ing形式。这样划分的好处是，把适合每处空格的备选项尽可能减少，提高正确率。

2. 15个备选项中属于名词复数形式的有：experiences和habitats，属于名词单数形式的有：investment、territory、exterior和victim，属于动词原形形式的有：create和innovate，属于动词第三人称单数形式的有：experiences（该词动/名词同形，故作两次划分）和stretches，属于动词-ed形式的有：depressed和stripped，属于动词-ing形式的有：exploring和revealing，属于形容词形式的有：exterior（该词名/形容词同形，故作两次划分）和depressed，属于副词形式的有：eventually和intentionally。下面是此种划分的简洁形式，也是我推荐大家做题时采用的形式：

A)create vt	B)depressed vt-ed/adj	C)eventually adv
D)experiences n-s/vt-s	E)exploring vt-ing	F)exterior n/adj
G)habitats n-s	H)innovate vt	I)intentionally adj
J)investment n	K)revealing vt-ing	L)stretches vt-s
M)stripped vt-ed	N)territory n	O)victim n

（备注：vt-ed即动词-ed形式，n-s即名词复数形式，vt-s即动词第三人称单数，vt-ing即动词-ing形式。）

3. 根据语法知识，将每处空格所需词性及其具体形式标注如下：

Ships are often sunk in order to create underwater reefs (暗礁) perfect for scuba driving (水肺式潜泳) and preserving marine  26(n-s) . Turkish authorities have just sunk something a little different than a ship, and it wouldn't normally ever touch water, an Airbus A300. The hollowed-out A300 was  27(vt-ed/adj)  of everything potentially harmful to the environment and sunk off the Aegean coast today. Not only will the sunken plane  28(vt)  the perfect skeleton for artificial reef growth, but authorities hope this new underwater attraction will bring tourist to the area.

The plane  29(vt-s)  a total length of 54 meters, where experienced scuba divers will  30(adv)  be able to venture through the cabin and around the plane’s  31(n/n-s) . Aydin Municipality bought the plane from a private company for just under US$100,000, but they hope to see a return on that  32(n)  through the tourism industry. Tourism throughout Turkey is expected to fall this year as the country has been the  33(n)  of several deadly terrorist attacks. As far as sunken planes go, this Airbus A300 is the largest  34(adv)  sunk aircraft ever.

Taking a trip underwater and  35(vt-ing)  the inside of a sunken A300 would be quite an adventure, and that is exactly what Turkish authorities are hoping this attraction will make people think. Drawing in adventure seekers and experienced divers, this new artificial Airbus reef will be a scuba diver's paradise(天堂).

4. 确定词性及其具体形式依据：第26处是因为前面的marine是形容词，后面是句号，而且marine前又没有定冠词the，所以此处只能是名词复数；第27处是因为前面是was，后面是of；第28处是因为前面是情态动词will，第29处是因为前面主语为the plane，以及上下文时态；第30处是因为前面是will，后面是be able to；第31处是因为前面是the plane's，后面是句号；第32处是因为前面是that，后面是through，而且that决定了此处只能是名词单数形式；第33处前面是the，后面是of，此处需要名词，加上该名词对应的是the country，为单数，所以此处只能是名词单数形式；第34处是因为前面有the largest，后面是sunk，此处只能是副词；第35处是因为其前面的and连接的是并列成分，既然and前是taking a trip，and后面也应该是动词的-ing形式。

5. 结合上下文及词义排除干扰项：由上可知，第26处需要的是名词复数形式，备选项只有experiences和habitats，加上此句话的意思是沉船是为了创造水下暗礁，创设水下暗礁的目的是为了水肺式潜泳和保护海中......，根据备选项的意思，habitats（（动物的）栖息地）是最佳选项。

第27处涉及土耳其当局的此类做法，只不过他们沉的是空客A300，而且被挖空的（hollow-out）A300里对环境有潜在危害的东西还被......了，并且沉在远离爱琴海岸的地方。此处的备选项有depressed、stripped以及exterior，对比后只有stripped更加合适，而且它与of组成短语，意为把......搬走。当然，如果直接从固定搭配入手，也可以直接选定stripped。

第28处需要动词原形，备选项只有create和innovate，前者的意思是创造、产生，后者是引入。这句话的意思是下沉的飞机不仅能为人造暗礁的生长......完美的骨架，还可以能吸引游客的到来。两相对比，还是create更加合适。

第29处需要动词第三人称单数，备选项只有experiences和stretches，前者的意思是体验、经历，后者是延伸、伸展。结合空格所在句子意思为飞机总长度为54米，可知stretches更为合适。

第30处需要副词，备选项只有eventually和intentionally，前者的意思是终于，后者是故意。结合空格所在句子意思为飞机伸展54米，这使得有经验的潜水员们（scuba divers）......能够从事水中探险了，两相对比，可知eventually更为合适。

第31处需要名词，可供选项，有复数形式experiences和habitats（在前文中，该词已被选中，可排除）两个，单数形式investment、territory、exterior和victim四个。结合空格所在句子意思为潜水员们终于可以在机舱内和飞机的......周围从事探险活动了，可以断定exterior更为合适，即潜水员们终于可以在机舱内和飞机外围水域从事探险活动了。

第32处需要名词单数形式，备选项有investment、territory、exterior（在前文中，该词已被选中，可排除）和victim。结合空格所在句子上下文意思为：虽然Aydin市政府以只有不足100,000美元的价格从一家私营企业购得此飞机，但是他们希望能通过旅游业来从......获得回报。比较而言，此处选investment（投资）更为合适。

第33处需要名词单数形式，排除掉已被选中的两个，备选项只有territory和victim了。结合空格所在句子的意思为由于这个国家（土耳其）成了几次极端恐怖主义袭击的......，人们预料该国的旅游业今年会深受影响。两相比较，只有victim（受害者）更合适。

第34处需要副词，排除掉已被前文选中的那个，还剩下intentionally，可直接选。

第35处需要动词的-ing形式，备选项只有exploring和revealing。结合空格所在句子的意思为在水下旅游和在沉没的A300内部......将会成为一种冒险活动，可知exploring（探索）更为合适。

综上所述，可知上述选项的依次分别为：26. G  27. M  28. A  29. L 30.C  31.F  32. J  33. O  34. I  35. E

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来源：大民说英语，转载请注明出处

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