神奇的尼泊尔节日：灯节Tihar
Tihar 2022 Date in Nepali Calendar: From Rituals to Significance, Know About The Five Days of Yama Panchak Festival Celebrated As Diwali in Nepal
DAYs FOR GRADITUDE AND LOVE
Tihar Festival in Nepal, also known as Deepawali and Yamapanchak, is a five-day-long festival celebrated mainly by Hindus, especially in East Indian states. The Tihar Festival is held to celebrate and thank the contributions of the Gods, animals and plants. Scroll down to keep reading.。
Do you know about any festival synonymous with Deepawali? ..
When some Hindus commence the Festival of Lights with Dhateras, people in Nepal and other Indian states like Darjeeling, parts of Sikkim,
Kalimpong and a few regions of West
Tihar 2022
Bengal commence the occasion as Tihar.
The holy observance is also commemorated
for five days in these regions, marked from the twelfth day of Kartik Krishna Paksha to
the second day of Kartik Shukla Paksha as per the traditional Hindu calendar based on
the Purima system. It is also known as Yama Panchak or Deepavali. During Tihar, people
not only pay reverence to Hindu Gods but also to animals and plants. Tihar 2022 will
commence on Saturday, 22 October and end on Thursday, 27 October.
01
Day : Kag Parva Or Kaag Tihar
The first day of Tihar is dedicated to crows and ravens who are believed to be the
messengers of the death God, Yama. These birds are offered grains, seeds, and sweets to appease them and ward off death for the coming year.
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In this day, people celebrate Kag (crow). In the surreptitious society of Nepal, crow signifies as the messenger of bad news. So, on this day, people worship crow and offers grains and rice to make them happy. So that in the coming days, these creatures will not bring any bad new
02
Day : Kukur Tihar
The second day of Tihar festivities is devoted to performing pooja of dogs who share a special relationship with humans. Whether pets or street, all the canines are offered
treats and worshipped by placing a vermillion tika on their forehead and garlands of marigolds around their necks.
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In Nepal during Kukur Tihar, people honor dogs by worshipping them. They are worn garland of marigold flower and offered delicious foods. In Nepalese society, people believe that dogs guide the souls of the dead reach heaven.
03
Day : Gai Tihar And Lakshmi Puja
On the third day of Tihar, Nepali Hindu people worship cows, the Vahana of the Goddess of wealth and prosperity, Devi Lakshmi. This date is marked as Diwali Day, when folks welcome Maa Laxmi by decorating homes with garlands and Diyos.
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Likewise, another main event on this day is Gai Tihar. Gai is considered as the Goddess Laxmi also known as god of wealth. People during the day worships cows and offer foods them.
And similarly, on the same day, people do Laxmi puja. This day can be considered as the busiest day among other days. Because in the day you will be doing puja of Dog and Cow and do through cleaning of the house for Laxmi Puja in the evening. People worship the goddess Laxmi for the wealth and prosperity. Every house will be lit up in a decorative light in a belief to guide the goddess Laxmi to their home. They make small footsteps indicating the steps of the goddess Laxmi in front of their door or gate. Similarly, they also decorate the patio of the house with a colorful Rangoli.
04
Day : Bahar Puja And Mha Puja
The fourth day of the Tihar also generally coincides with the first day of the Nepal Sambat
calendar. Thus, it is observed as Mha Puja by the Newar community, which
commemorates their New Year. The date is also called Goru puja when folks worship and offer prayers to the ox.
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Goru (Ox) puja is done by all the Hindu house hold of Nepal. They worship the ox and offer them delicious foods. Ox are important animals for farmers as they are used for the purpose of agriculture.
Similarly, people also worship cow dung as the symbolic representative of Govardhan Mountain during Govardhan Puja.
Mha Puja (Newar Community)
Furthermore, this day is one of the important day for Newar community of Nepal. It is the beginning of New Year for the Newar community and they celebrated thus new beginning by doing Puja of themselves. Hence it is called Mha puja. On this day, streets of Kathmandu are filled with people of Newar ethnic group as they all come on the streets with traditional musical instruments and welcome the New Year grandly
05
Day : Bhai Tika
The fifth and last day of the festival is dedicated to the strong and unconditional relationship between
brothers and sisters. This festival is known as Bhai Tika.
The festival has distinct essential differences compared to the Indian festival of Diwali. But the ultimate motive to celebrate the pious event remains the same, i.e. to celebrate the victory of good over evil and light over darkness.
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It is the last day of this grand festival. On this day, sister worship their brother for their longer and prosperous life. Bhai stands for Brother in English thus it is called Bhai Puja. Sister worship their brother by putting garland on their neck and put seven colors of Tika on the forehead each color signifying meaning to it. Brother usually give their sister money, sweets or other things as a gift. There is a profound mythological story behind the reason why people started celebrating Tihar festival in Nepal. Nowadays, sisters who do not have brother celebrate this festival worshiping each other
节日起源
灯节来自梵语词deepa和avail字面意思是“排灯”。灯节与几个印度的神话有关，这些神话讲的是正义战胜非正义、光明战胜黑暗的故事。
其中有一个故事讲的是，印度教的克利须那神消灭了破坏天地的恶魔和地狱之神纳拉卡苏拉。
在印度北部，印度教徒崇拜居住在神圣的格法德汉纳山中的克利须那神，认为他是印度教主神之一的毗湿奴的第八个化身，对毗湿奴的信徒具有很深的宗教意义。当然，排灯节最普遍为人所知的故事是罗摩神背井离乡14年，此间他击败了魔王罗波那，最终返回到印度最古老的城市阿约提亚。为了庆祝国王的回归，阿约提亚城的人点亮了数以千计的泥土灯。
“这个城市为国王的归来举行了盛大而欢乐的庆祝活动，”印度教婆罗门说，“它象征着国王的光芒。灯节的名字凸显了人们的欢乐。”
这个节日对印度的锡克教徒和耆那教徒也具有重要的意义。
对于锡克教徒来说，排灯节是为了庆祝锡克教徒的精神领袖哈尔宾德被印度莫卧儿帝国的皇帝贾季汉从囚禁中释放出来。
对于耆那教徒来说，排灯节是一个纪念耆那教的创立者马阿哈维拉的节日，他死后进入了极乐世界。
节日庆典
排灯节没有正式的典礼，它与世界上其他地方的圣诞节和新年庆祝活动相似。
节日前夕丈夫会为妻子购买金银首饰。节日开始后，为了表示对神祇们的尊敬，人们把房间打扫得干干净净并进行粉刷。人们穿新衣，决心开始新的生活。商人停止使用他们的老账本，开始使用新账本。入夜后，每个家庭和商店点亮各种灯，烟火充满了天空。朋友和家人团聚在一起并交换礼物。在节日里，亲戚朋友还会互赠名为“巴菲”的节日糖果。
“排灯节”的高潮是到圣河中沐浴，以求净化身心。孩子们更是必须到河中洗去身体的污垢，净化心灵。除了祈祷神灵保佑全家人健康，人们还要特别拜拜他们的女财神“拉克什米”。
节日风俗
庆祝灯节的理由各地不同。北方是为了庆祝印度教神祇罗摩率领的战士从斯里兰卡归国；南方则是为了纪念魔王纳拉卡苏拉被神主克利须那惩杀。尽管关于灯节的由来各地众说纷纭，不过多数人都同意，持续五天的灯节，旨在庆祝善行战胜邪恶、光明击退黑暗、知识打倒无知。
灯节虽然属于印度教节日，但对耆那教与锡克教来说也算大日子。尼泊人则视为一年中最重要的节庆之一，重要性就像圣诞节与新年一样。过排灯节时，人们会把家里精心布置一番，以盏盏油灯或电彩灯，营造出梦幻般的世界，取悦神灵，礼赞生命，庆祝丰收，祈求未来的繁荣和光明。
东印度的孟加拉人与西印度的古吉拉特人，都会在这一天祭祀代表繁荣与富裕的女神拉克什米。
排灯节期间，尼泊尔印度所有公司行号暂停营业，但股市会有一天进行一小时的特别交易，作为呈给拉克什米的献礼。多数尼泊尔家庭会在排灯节期间穿新衣、戴珠宝，拜访家庭成员与公司同事，致赠甜食、干果、礼物。
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