看了Linux命令的全称，顿时豁然开朗

很多人感慨Linux不好学，命令记不住，其实常用的Linux命令不超过30个，而且很多都是单词的简写，这要比记忆英文单词容易太多了。如果看到每个命令的全称，更加豁然开朗。

基本命令

pwd = print working Directory 打印工作目录
ls = list  列出
bash = Bourne Again SHell  
bc = Basic (Better) Calculator  计算器
bg = BackGround  后台
cal = CALendar 日历
cat: Concatenate  合并文件
cd = Change Directory  进入目录
chgrp = CHange GRouP  修改组
chmod = CHange MODe  修改属性
chown = CHange OWNer  修改属主
cp = copy and paste 拷贝粘贴
mv = MoVe 移动和重命名
ln = LiNk 链接文件
rm = ReMove 移动，删除
df: Disk free 空余硬盘
du: Disk usage 硬盘使用率
nohup = No HangUP 不挂起
vi = VIsual = Very Inconvenient
vim = Vi IMproved 增强vi
wc = Word Count 字数统计
ps：Process Status 进程状态
tar：Tape archive 解压文件

系统目录结构：

/bin = BINaries 程序目录
/dev = DEVices 设备目录
/etc = Editable Text Configuration 配置文件的目录
/opt = Optional application software packages
/lib = LIBrary 库文件路径
/proc = PROCesses
/sbin = Superuser BINaries  管理员使用程序目录
/tmp = TeMPorary 临时目录
/usr = Unix Shared Resources 共享资源目录
/var = VARiable 储存各种变化的文件

其他命令

chsh = CHange SHell
cmp = compare
cobra = Common Object Request Broker Architecture
comm = common
wall = write all
rpm = RPM Package Manager = RedHat Package Manager
apt = Advanced Packaging Tool
lpr = Line PRint
lsof = LiSt Open Files
m4 = Macro processor Version 4
man = MANual pages
su：Swith user 切换用户，切换到root用户
uname: Unix name 系统名称
uniq = UNIQue 特异的
umount: Unmount 卸载
ldd：List dynamic dependencies 列出动态相依
insmod：Install module 安装模块
rmmod：Remove module 删除模块
sed = Stream EDitor 流编辑器
lsmod：List module 列表模块
alias :Create your own name for a command
bash :GNU Bourne-Again Shell linux内核
grep:global regular expression print
httpd :Start Apache
ipcalc :Calculate IP information for a host
ping :Send ICMP ECHO_Request to network hosts
reboot: Restart your computer
sudo:Superuser do  
FIFO = First In, First Out
GRUB = GRand Unified Bootloader
IFS = Internal Field Seperators
LILO = LInux LOader
MySQL = My最初作者的名字SQL = Structured Query Language
PHP = Personal Home Page Tools = PHP Hypertext Preprocessor
PS = Prompt String
Perl = "Pratical Extraction and Report Language"
Tcl = Tool Command Language
Tk = ToolKit
VT = Video Terminal
YaST = Yet Another Setup Tool
apache = "a patchy" server
ar = archiver
as = assembler
cpio = CoPy In and Out
cpp = C Pre Processor
cups = Common Unix Printing System
cvs = Current Version System
daemon = Disk And Execution MONitor
dc = Desk Calculator
dd = Disk Dump
diff = DIFFerence
dmesg = diagnostic message
ed = editor
egrep = Extended GREP
elf = Extensible Linking Format
elm = ELectronic Mail
emacs = Editor MACroS
eval = EVALuate
ex = EXtended
exec = EXECute
fd = file descriptors
fg = ForeGround
fgrep = Fixed GREP
fmt = format
fsck = File System ChecK
fstab = FileSystem TABle
fvwm = F*** Virtual Window Manager
gawk = GNU AWK
gpg = GNU Privacy Guard
groff = GNU troff
hal = Hardware Abstraction Layer
joe = Joe's Own Editor
ksh = Korn SHell
lame = Lame Ain't an MP3 Encoder
lex = LEXical analyser
lisp = LISt Processing = Lots of Irritating Superfluous Parentheses
mawk = Mike Brennan's AWK
mc = Midnight Commander
mkfs = MaKe FileSystem
mknod = MaKe NODe
motd = Message of The Day
mozilla = MOsaic GodZILLa
mtab = Mount TABle
nano = Nano's ANOther editor
nawk = New AWK
nl = Number of Lines
nm = names
nroff = New ROFF
od = Octal Dump
passwd = PASSWorD
pg = pager
pico = PIne's message COmposition editor
pine = "Program for Internet News & Email" = "Pine is not Elm"
ping = Packet InterNet Grouper
pirntcap = PRINTer CAPability
popd = POP Directory
pr = pre
printf = PRINT Formatted
pty = pseudo tty
pushd = PUSH Directory
rc = runcom = run command, shell
rev = REVerse
rn = Read News
roff = RunOFF
rsh, rlogin, = Remote
rxvt = ouR XVT
seq = SEQuence
shar = SHell ARchive
slrn = S-Lang rn
ssh = Secure SHell
ssl = Secure Sockets Layer
stty = Set TTY
su = Substitute User
svn = SubVersioN
tar = Tape ARchive
tcsh = TENEX C shell
telnet = TEminaL over Network
termcap = terminal capability
terminfo = terminal information
tr = traslate
troff = Typesetter new ROFF
tsort = Topological SORT
tty = TeleTypewriter
twm = Tom's Window Manager
tz = TimeZone
udev = Userspace DEV
ulimit = User's LIMIT
umask = User's MASK
wine = WINE Is Not an Emulator
xargs = eXtended ARGuments
xdm = X Display Manager
xlfd = X Logical Font Description
xmms = X Multimedia System
xrdb = X Resources DataBase
xwd = X Window Dump
yacc = yet another compiler compiler

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