2016年11月30日,一个叫做“大贝尔测试”(The Big Bell Test)的实验项目就是这样的实验,补上了这个“自由选择漏洞”。实验中所作的选择都是来自全球各地的约10万个志愿者。12小时内,这些志愿者通过一个网络游戏“The BIG Bell Quest”,每秒产生1000比特数据,总共产生了97347490比特数据。参加游戏的志愿者被要求在一定时间内输入一定的随机比特0或1,被用于对实验中所作选择的指令。有个机器学习算法会根据已输入的比特,提醒志愿者避免可预测性,但是对产生的数据不作选择。全球五个洲的12个实验室在12个小时内做了13个贝尔实验。这些实验用10万名志愿者无规提供的这些数据来安排测量装置,不同的实验采用不同的数据。在不同系统的贝尔测试的结果表明了局域实在论在这些系统中被违反。其中几个是潘建伟组、塞林格组等分别完成的光子偏振实验。
最后提一下,既然局域实在论与量子力学冲突,那么矛盾的源泉来自哪里,局域论还是实在论?为研究这个问题,莱格特(Anthony J. Leggett)考虑一种“加密非局域实在论”:作为非局域性,对于确定的偏振方向,被测量量既依赖测量偏振片方向,也依赖于另一边的偏振片方向。但是物理态是各种偏振方向的统计平均,服从局域规律,如马吕斯定律。对此,莱格特导出莱格特不等式,被量子力学违反[35]。最近我们提出一个推广的莱格特不等式,特别适用于粒子物理中的纠缠介子,被量子力学和粒子物理违反[36]。
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