面试攻略丨5个技巧让你游刃有余
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老桑说
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「 朋友，你好，我是老桑。 」
今年早些时候，我在清华大学法学院的教室外遇到一群紧张等候着的学生。他们看上去严肃而tense（紧张）。我问他们为什么这么紧张，他们说他们通过了清华法学院硕士录取的笔试，当时正在排队等待下一轮复试环节的面试。
面试场景
我相信你知道这种感觉，因为我们都曾在某些时候遇到过面试。作为学生，你要参加实习面试，然后，随着你临近毕业，迎接你的的第一份工作或研究生入学考试也会有面试。之后在你的职业生涯中更是会参加很多工作面试，或许是要在雇主那里寻求升职，或许选择跳槽到另一家公司。
面试前紧张是可以理解的。因为那时我们正在接受别人的评估，将我们同他人相比较。我们试图突出自己的优点，但他们可能会看到我们的缺点。如果我们得不到这份工作，可能会受到被拒绝的挫败感。在这个过程中，我们会面临很多的不确定性。但请振作起来！这些策略会对你有所帮助。
减少面试紧张的最好方法之一就是做好充分的准备，并事先掌握一些基本的面试技巧。多年来，我在会谈桌的两端既当过面试者也做过面试官。以下是我从这些面试经历中获得的5个技巧。
在准备写作这篇文章的过程中，我还参观了天普大学职业发展中心来寻求面试的建议，因为他们每年帮助数百名学生来找工作和实习。点击此处链接来观看关于找工作的的五个建议。
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做好准备。面试前应尽可能多地了解你面试的公司或大学。比如可以访问他们的网站或是scroll（滚动）浏览他们的社交媒体页面。阅读任何有关他们最近活动的新闻报道。如果你有机会，最好亲自去看看他们的产品和服务。如果你正在申请一所大学，试着和在校的学生们聊聊以获得他们的意见。
面试交流
我曾经面试过一个在天普大学的求职者。在谈话中，他让我给他介绍一下天普大学和我们的项目。所有这些信息其实都是公开的，但是他并没有事先花时间进行了解，我推断他一般不会为工作任务做充分准备。最后我认为他不适合我们，于是就结束了面试。
试着提前知道面试官的名字，了解他们的背景。你和他们有什么共同之处吗，比如来自同一个地方或是毕业于同一个学校？你可以试着在谈话中建立联系。
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面试不仅仅是一个人对另一个人说话，而是一种信息交换。当你在面试前了解该公司时，试着寻找一下其薄弱之处或它的需求是什么。然后在面试时，准备好一些关于公司和工作的深思熟虑的问题。
通过你的问题，面试官能更好地理解你的思维过程和分析技巧。首先要避免关于假期、薪水和奖金的问题，而应当关注工作的实质内容。例如公司的增长计划是什么？今年经理的工作重点是什么？你能帮助解决哪些企业面临的挑战?
这类问题表明你的思维是战略性的，而且是以解决问题为导向的。与此同时，根据面试官的回应，你可以找到机会来突出自己的优势，以及这些优势将如何帮助公司解决一些问题。
面试时可适当做笔记
带上一个便签以便在面试的时候做笔记。当面试官回答你的问题时，写下他们的回答。这样做是在表明你有能力、有责任心并且尊重面试官的意见。
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在中国的传统文化中，直接的目光接触是平等的标志，而年轻人经常把目光从老人身上移开，以示对他们的尊重。然而时至今日，这种缺乏眼神交流可能会被误解为缺乏自信或elusive（难以捉摸）。应当避免眼神的游移，直接注视着和你说话的人。
有人说,面试官会在见到应聘者的最初30秒钟内形成preliminary（初步的）印象，通常这种第一印象并不会在面试过程中发生改变。面试开始时应握手得体，并自我介绍。并且一定要穿正式的服装。
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清晰的表达是一项重要的工作技能。面试官会根据你的回答来评估你的沟通能力。如果你语无伦次或长篇大论，面试官可能会结束面试，然后叫来下一个应聘者。当我们紧张的时候，我们会变得喋喋不休，失去对于重点的关注，并试图用语言填补尴尬的空间。
面试前，你可以练习回答一些常见的面试问题，比如“你是怎么知道这个职位的?”、“你为什么想在这里工作?”、“这份工作有什么吸引你的地方?”你可以事先和朋友或老师练习回答这些常见的面试问题，以帮助你理清思路。
面试时清晰表达观点
回答自己被问到的问题，尽量不要偏离到无关的话题。如果你认为面试官对你的回答不满意，你可以提出澄清。如果你不知道一个问题的答案，你可以承认，然后解释你寻求答案的过程中会做的工作或是思考的步骤。
一个典型的面试问题是“跟我介绍一下你自己“。这个开放式的问题可能很难回答，但你可以把它作为一个机会来强调自己与职位相mesh（匹配）的技能和经验。我建议用30秒电梯演讲的方法来回答这个问题。
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赢得雇主青睐的一个方法是表达自己对公司及其行业的热情。例如，当我面试应聘者时，我想知道他们对国际高等教育感兴趣，并且热衷于这个领域的工作。
积极的态度也很重要。不要“贬低”自己以前的老板，而应该说你正在寻找成长的机会，无论是在以前的雇主涉猎有限的领域，还是在一个全新的领域。
我的朋友，面试很容易引起焦虑，因为会有很多紧急情况和不确定性潜藏其中。但是通过掌握这些面试技巧，你就可以把控面试的过程。提升自己获得良好印象的机率。做自己，我相信你一定会全力以赴，在下次面试中表现出色！
本文部分图片来源网络。
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英文版
English
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Do you have an interview?
5 ways to put your best foot forward!
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「 Hello, my friend！
I'm John Smagula. 」
Earlier this year, I encountered a group of nervous students waiting outside of a Tsinghua law school classroom. They looked serious and tense. I asked what they were so nervous about, and they said they had passed the Tsinghua master of laws written examination and were now waiting in line for their admission interviews.
I’m sure you know the feeling, as we all deal with interviews at some point. As students you interview for internships, and then as you approach graduation, for your first job or graduate school admission. And then later, you will likely interview for many jobs throughout your career, either for a promotion with your current employer or a position at a different company.
It's understandable to be nervous before an interview. We are being evaluated by other people who compare us to other candidates. We try to highlight our strengths, but they may see our weaknesses. If we do not get the job, we may feel rejected. During the process, there is a lot of uncertainty for us. But take heart! These strategies will help you.
One of the best ways to reduce your nervousness about an interview is to be well prepared and master some basic interview skills beforehand. Over the years, I have been on both sides of the table, as interviewee and interviewer. Here are 5 tips that I have learned from all of this interviewing experience.
In preparing this article, I also visited the Temple University Career Center for interview advice, as they help hundreds of students find jobs and internships every year. Check out our video on the 5 Tips to Land Your First Job.
1
Research the company
Be prepared. Learn as much about the company or university before the interview. Visit their web site and scroll through their social media posts. Read any news reports about their recent activities. If you have the chance, personally check out their products and services. If you are applying to a university, try to talk with some current students to gain insights.
I once interviewed a candidate for a job at Temple. During the conversation, he asked me to introduce Temple and our program to him. All of this information is publicly available. As he did not take the time to learn about us in advance, I figured he would not be prepared for work tasks in general. I didn’t think he was the right fit for us, so I brought the interview to an end.
Try to get the names of the interviewers in advance and learn about their backgrounds. Do you have anything in common with them, like being from the same hometown or having graduated from the same school? You can try to make connections during the conversation.
2
Ask good questions about the job
An interview is an exchange of information, not simply one person talking at another. When you research the company before the interview, try to see what their weaknesses or needs are. Then, at the interview, be prepared to ask thoughtful questions about the company and the job.
Through your questions, the interviewer will better understand your thought process and analytical skills. Avoid questions about vacation time, salary, and bonuses—at first, and focus on the substance of the job. What are the company’s growth plans? What is the manager’s priority this year? What are some corporate challenges that you can help resolve?
These kinds of questions demonstrate you think strategically and are solution oriented. At the same time, based on the answers the interviewer gives, you can find opportunities to highlight your own strengths and how they might help the company resolve some of its problems.
Bring a pad and take notes during the interview. When the interviewers answer your question, write down their response. By doing this, you are demonstrating that you are competent, responsible, and respect the interviewers’ thoughts.
3
Maintain good eye contact
In traditional Chinese culture, making direct eye contact was a sign of equality, and younger people often looked away from an older person speaking to them as a sign of respect. Today, however, this lack of eye contact can be misunderstood as a lack of confidence or simply being elusive. Avoid shifty eyes and look directly at the person speaking to you.
Some say that interviewers form a preliminary impression of the interviewee within the first 30 seconds, and very often this first impression does not change during the course of the interview. Start the interview with a good handshake and introduce yourself. Be sure to dress professionally as well.
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Express ideas clearly
Clear communication is an important job skill. The interviewer will assess your communication ability based on your responses. If you are incoherent or long-winded, the interviewer will likely bring the interview to an end and call in the next candidate. Sometimes we can get chatty when we are nervous, losing focus of the point and trying to fill the awkward space with words.
Prior to the interview, you can practice giving short answers to common interview questions, such as “How did you find out about this position?”, “Why do you want to work here?”, and “What interests you about this job?” You can practice your answers to these common interview questions with a friend or teacher in advance to help clarify your thoughts.
Answer the question that is being asked and try not to stray away into unrelated areas. If you do not think the interviewer is satisfied with your answer, you can offer to clarify. If you do not know the answer to a question, you can admit that, and then explain the work or thought process you would go through to get the answer.
A classic interview question is “Tell me about yourself.” This open-ended question can be quite difficult to answer, but you can use it as an opportunity to highlight the skills and experience that mesh well with the job description. I recommend answering this question by delivering a 30-second elevator pitch.
5
Show enthusiasm
One way to win over the employer is to express enthusiasm for the company and its industry. When I interview candidates, for example, I want to know that they are interested in international higher education and are keen about working in this field.
It is also important to be positive. Do not “trash” previous employers, but rather, say you are looking for opportunities to grow, either in a field your previous employer could not satisfy or in a new field.
My friend, interviewing can be very anxiety-provoking, as there is a lot at stake and lots of uncertainty involved. But by mastering these interviewing skills, you can take some control of the process and increase your chances of making a good impression. Be yourself, and I’m sure you’ll put your best foot forward and do well on your next interview!
{ 今日英文速记卡 }
1.Tense \ ˈten(t)s \
a)含义：adj. 紧张的
b)例句：
i.They looked serious and tense.
他们看上去严肃而紧张。
ii.She was very tense, but she preserved an appearance of nonchalance.
她内心很紧张， 可外表却装着满不在乎的样子。
c)近义词：anxious, nervous, troubled
2.Scroll \ ˈskrōl \
a)含义： v. 滚屏；滚动
b)例句：
i.Visit their web site and scroll through their social media posts.
访问他们的网站或是滚动浏览他们的社交媒体页面。
ii.Scroll down to read about the latest update, or just click here.
滚动鼠标向下，阅读最新的更新，或者点击这里。
c)近义词：move, roll, wheel
3.Elusive \ ē-ˈlü-siv \
a)含义：adj. 难懂的；难捉摸的
b)例句：
i.Today, however, this lack of eye contact can be misunderstood as a lack of confidence or simply being elusive.
然而时至今日，这种缺乏眼神交流可能会被误解为缺乏自信或elusive（难以捉摸的）。
ii.My resume listed four positions in three years because I was always on the lookout for a better opportunity that would bring the ever-elusive job satisfaction.
三年里，我的简历上列着（我做过的）四个职位，因为我总是在寻找着一个更好的、能给我带来难以捉摸的满足感的工作机会。
c)近义词：cagey, evasive, slippery
4.Preliminary
\ pri-ˈli-mə-ˌner-ē \
a)含义：adj. 初步的；开始的
b)例句：
i.Some say that interviewers form a preliminary impression of the interviewee within the first 30 seconds, and very often this first impression does not change during the course of the interview.
有人说,面试官会在见到应聘者的最初30秒钟内形成初步的印象，通常这种第一印象并不会在面试过程中发生改变。
ii.And emphasize, if appropriate, that the results have not yet been published and are therefore only preliminary.
如果合适的话，还要强调这些结果尚未发表，因此只是初步结果
c)近义词： introductory, precursory, prefatory
5.Mesh \ ˈmesh \
a)含义：v. 匹配；咬合
b)例句：
i.This open-ended question can be quite difficult to answer, but you can use it as an opportunity to highlight the skills and experience that mesh well with the job description.
这个开放式的问题可能很难回答，但你可以把它作为一个机会来强调自己与职位相匹配的技能和经验。
ii.These networks will connect ground, naval, airborne and satellite assets into an interactive mesh of battlefield information and decision-making.
这些网络将连接地面、海上、空中和卫星设备，组成一个战场信息和决策的互动网络。
c)近义词：connect, correspond, dovetail
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See you next time.
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