科普版7年级英语下册Unit8 Topic3 知识点

词组:perform lion and dragon dances舞龙舞狮 watch lantern shows观灯展guess riddles猜谜Lantern Festival元宵节Mid- autumn Festival中秋节decorate..with….用…装饰…go to church做礼拜National Day国庆节挂起;put up举起;贴(广告等) start doing sth.开始做某事at midnight在午夜 lucky money压岁钱 knock on/at敲hold races举办竞赛
重要句型
1. They often eat turkey and Christmas cakes and give each other presents.= give presents to each othergive sb. sth = give sth to sb.
类似的有：lend, send, bring, pass, takeeg: I lent my bike to her. = I lent her my bike.send sb. sth =sent sth to sb. 送给某人某物bring sb. sth = bring sth to sb. 给某人带来某物take sb. sth = take sth to sb. 给某人带走某物2. It means the end of Spring Festival. 它意味着春节的结束。the end of …的末端
Mr. Wang lives at the end of Elm Road.at the end of …在…的末端(时间和空间); Children put up stockings at the end of their beds.by the end of 到…末端为止
We can finish the work by the end of the year.3.not…until直到…才
He came back after 12o’clock last night. (用not…until改写)He didn’t come back until 12 o’clock.4.prepare for sth 为某事做好准备
=get sth ready ,其宾语为所准备的直接内容eg: They are preparing for the party this evening.The students are preparing for the exams.5.go to church 去教堂做礼拜; go to the church去教堂go to school 去上学；go to the school 去学校go to hospital去看病；go to the hospital去医院6.start/ begin to do sth;
start/ begin doing stheg: He started/ began to study English six years ago.He started/ began singing.7. The whole family gets together for a big dinner.the whole +单数名词(集体名词) = all the +名词eg: The whole class is here.
= All the class are here.The whole world likes football.1.watch sb. / sth do 注视某人/物做某事，强调动作的结果 （全过程）watch sb./ sth doing注视某人/物正在做某事，强调动作正在进行 类似的有：hear, seeeg: I hear someone singing in the next room.I often hear him shout to others.I see an old man selling books in the street.I sometimes see them play basketball on the playground.如果动作是短暂性的常用watch/see/notice/hear/feel do sth.如果动作是延续性的常用watch/see/notice/hear/feel doing sth.
3. other/others/the others/the other/another1.other可作形容词或代词，做形容词时，意思是“别的，其他”，泛指“其他的（人或物）”。如：
Do you have any other question(s)? 你还有其他问题吗？
Ask some other people. 问问别人吧！
Put it in your other hand. 把它放在你另一只手里。 2.the other指两个人或物中的一个时，只能用the other，不能用another，此时的other作代词。如：
He has two daughters. One is a nurse, the other is a worker. 他有两个女儿，一个是护士，另一个是工人。
the other后可加单数名词，也可加复数名词，此时的other作形容词如：
On the other side of the street，there is a tall tree. 在街道的另一边，有一棵大树。
Mary is much taller than the other girls. 玛丽比其他的女孩高得多。He lives on the other side of the river. 他住在河的对岸。 3.others是other的复数形式，泛指“另外几个”，“其余的”。在句中可作主语、宾语。如：
Some of us like singing and dancing, others go in for sports. 我们一些人喜欢唱歌和跳舞，其余的从事体育活动。
Give me some others, please. 请给我别的东西吧！
There are no others. 没有别的了。4.the others意思是“其他东西，其余的人”。特指某一范围内的“其他的（人或物）”。是the other的复数形式。如：
Two boys will go to the zoo, and the others will stay at home. 两个男孩将去动物园，其余的留在家里。
the others=.the other+可数名词复数5.another=an other，既可作形容词，也可作代词，只能用于三个或更多的人或物，泛指同类事物中的三者或三者以上的“另一个”，只能代替或修饰单数可数名词。如：
I don’t like this one. Please show me another. 我不喜欢这一个，请给我看看另一个。
I have three daughters. One is a nurse, another is a teacher and another is a worker. 我有三个女儿。一个是护士，另一个是教师，还有一个是工人6. a number of /the number ofa number of 是指“大量的”,后面的动词是复数形式e.g. A number of our classmates love English.the number of 是指“......的数量”，后面的动词是单数形式e.g. The number of our classmates is 45.
1.Mr /mist / 先生。用于姓前Mrs /misiz/夫人。用于已婚女子丈夫的姓前。Miss /mis/ 小姐。用于未婚女子的姓前。Ms /miz/ 女士。用于婚姻状况不明或不想区分婚否的女子的姓前。sir /s/先生，阁下。一般单独使用，不与人的姓连用。Madam /m d m/女士，夫人，太太。一般单独使用，不与人的姓连用。
7. everyone / every one 1) everyone“人人，每人”，仅指人，相当于everybody，一般不能与of连用，作主语为单数。 Everyone is here.大家（人人）都来了。 2) every one“每一个（人或物）”，指人或物，常与of连用，谓语用单数。Every one of the book is interesting. 每本书都很有趣。 
8. people, person, man1) people:①泛指“人，人们”，谓语动词用复数形式。There are many people there. 那儿有许多人。②the people 常用来指“人民”。We study hard for the people. 我们为人民而努力学习。③指“民族”是可数名词。There’re 56 peoples in China. 中国有56个民族。2) person“人；人物”，无性别之分，可指男人，也可指女人。常用于指数目不大，而且数目比较精确的“人”。Everyone likes the honest person. 每个人都喜欢诚实的人。There are only three persons in the room. 房间里只有三个人。3）man: 指“男人”（复数形式为men），也可指“人类”。He is a man of few words. 他是个少言寡语的人。Man has languages. 人类有语言。
一般现在时的“岗位职责”一、分析习惯和现状。一般现在时表示主语经常性和习惯性的动作或存在的状态。如：I often go to the movies.我经常去看电影。He sometimes watches TV.有时他看电视。二、揭示事实和真理。一般现在时可以描述客观真理、自然现象、科学事实及人生格言等。如：The earth is a planet and it goes goes around the sun.地球是一颗行星，它绕太阳运转。Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。三、制定计划和安排。一般现在时可以表示按时间表拟定的或计划、安排好的事情或动作。句中常有表示将来的时间状语。如：The plane leaves Beijing at six and arrives at Guangzhouat ten. 飞机六点钟从北京起飞，十点钟到达巴黎。The final exam takes place next week. 下周举行期末考试。四、表达感情、想法和能力。一般现在时可以表示心理状态、感情或某种能力。如：She can dance. 她会跳舞。dance. 她会跳舞。
I like playing basketball very much. 我很喜欢打篮球。【巧学妙记】一般现在时用法歌诀用好一般现在时，时间状语需牢记。主语人称是三单，动词要把-s/-es添。基本用法要记清，表示习惯经常性；客观真理和能力，有时还表将来时。