【知识点】仁爱版七年级英语上册 Unit1

Unit1

Unit 1 Making New FriendsTopic 1 基本句型1、Good morning/afternoon!2、Hello!Hi!3、Nice to meet you. Nice to meet you,too.4、How do you do? How do you do?5、Welcome to China! Thank you./Thanks6、How are you? Fine,thanks.And you?7、Goodbye.Bye.8、Mom,this is my teacher,Mr.Brown.9、Her you are. Thank you.
语法基本句型结构：陈述句（肯定句、否定句），疑问句（特殊疑问句、一般疑问句）1. 动词be的用法动词be有三种形式：am, is, are, 它们都是“是”的意思，被称为“be动词”。(1)am用于第一人称单数I。其完全形式是I am ...，缩写形式是I’m ...,但I am在句末时不能缩写。I`m Kangkang.Are you Michael?Yes,I am./No,I`m not.e.g. I am/I’m Li Lei. 我是李雷。Are you Mr. Li?  Yes, I am. 你是李先生吗？是的，我是。(2)is用于第三人称单数。Mr.Brown,this is my mom.e.g. My teacher is Miss Yang. 我的老师是杨小姐。(3) are用于第二人称单数、复数或第一人称复数和第三人称复数。e.g. You are Li Ping.你是李平。My mom and I are at home. 妈妈和我都在家。2. 打招呼时常用的交际用语(1)How are you?用于熟人之间，表示问候。回答用Fine./I’m fine./I’m OK.Thanks.(2)How do you do?用于初次见面，伴随握手动作，是表示庄重、礼貌的正式问候语。回答仍用How do you do?(3)Nice to meet you.经人介绍认识对方，礼节性地互致问候。对方用Nice to meet you, too.来回答。(4)Hi!和Hello!是熟悉的人之间打招呼或非正式的问候语，回答也用Hi!和Hello!意思均为“你好！”Unit 1-topic2
基本句型1、Is she from Canada? Yes,she is./No,she isn`t.2、Is he Li Ming? Yes,he is./No,he isn`t.3、Are you from Canada,too?Yes,I am./No,I`m not.4、Are they from England? Yes,they are./No,they aren`t.5、Who are they? They are Maria and Jane.6、Who`s she/he? He/She is Stephen Hawking.7、Excuse me,are you Jane? Yes,I am./No,I`m not.8、What`s your name? My name is Sally.9、What`s your telephone number? It is 6807-5335.10、Where are you from? I`m from Canada.11、Where is he/she from?He/She is from Japan.语法1. Where is she from?或Where’s she from?这是询问某人来自何处的一个特殊疑问句。e.g. Where are you from?你来自哪里?     I’m from China.我来自中国。2. What is your name?或What’s your name?这是询问某人姓名时常用的一个特殊疑问句，回答时常用My name is ...或I’m ...e.g. What’s your name? 你叫什么名字？     My name is Jane. 或I’m Jane. 我叫简。3. I, you, he, she, it, we, they是人称代词的主格形式，用作主语。my, your, his, her是形容词性物主代词，用在名词前，作定语。e.g. She is from Japan. Her name is Kumiko. 她来自日本。她的名字叫久美子。4. 英语字母在什么情况下大写？(1)英语句子的第一个词的第一个字母要大写。(2)姓名中的姓和名的首字母都要大写。e.g. Wang Ping王平, Sima Qian司马迁, Fan Zhiwei范志伟。(3)国家、城市、乡镇等地点名称的首字母要大写。e.g. Canada加拿大，Tokyo东京。(4)表示语言、某国人等词的首字母要大写。e.g. English英语，German德国人。(5)表示职务或称呼的首字母要大写。(6)人称代词“I”和单词“OK”总是大写。Unit 1-topic3
基本句型1、Is this/that a/an...? Yes,it is.No,it isn`t.2、Are these/those oranges? Yes,They are./No,they aren`t.3、What`s this/that in English?  It is an eraser/map.4、What are these/those? They are books/rulers and pencils.5、How old are you? I`m twelve,too.6、What class are you in?I`m in Class Four,Grade Seven.7、What grade are you in?I`m in Grade Seven.8、Excuse me,what`s this/that in English?It`s an eraser/a map.9、How do you spell it?E-R-A-S-E-R,eraser.10、Can you spell it?Yes.M-A-P,MAP.11、Thank you,/Thanks.That`s OK./You`re welcome.in,on在方位名词前的区别 1.in表示A地在B地范围之内.如：Taiwan is in the southeast of China.2.on表示A地与B地接壤、毗邻.如：North Korea is on the east of China.at,in和on表示地点时的区别 1.at表示地点：（1）用于指较小的地方.如：I shall wait for you at the station.（2）用于门牌号码前.如：He lives at 115 Zhongshan Road.2.in表示地点：（1）用于指较大的地方.如：He lives in Shanghai.（2）虽然是很小的地方,如果说话人住在那里,也可用in.商店、学校、机关等,若看作一个地点（point）用at,若看作一个场所（place）用in.如：I met him at the post-office.3.on表示地点,一般指与面或线接触,意为“在……上；在……旁”.如：The picture was hanging on the wall.1.基数词：英文的数词一般用阿拉伯数字表示，也可用英文单词的形式表示，读时按英文单词的读法来读。电话号码、车牌号等要逐个地读，其中“零”可读作字母o的读音，也可读作zero，两个相同的数字在一起时可读作double ...如 6250-2533读作：six  two  five  zero（o）, two  five  double three。 数字十三到十九通常是在个位数后加-teen, 但个别需作适当调整。e.g. three—thirteenfour—fourteenfive—fifteensix—sixteenseven—seventeeneight—eighteennine—nineteen2. 名词按其所表示的事物的性质分为可数名词和不可数名词两种，可数名词有单数、复数两种形式，可数名词的复数变化规则如下：a.一般在词尾加-s。e.g. desk—desks, pen—pensb.以s,x,ch,sh结尾的加-es。e.g. class—classes, box—boxesc.以辅音字母加-y结尾的变-y为-i,再加-es。e.g. country—countries, lady—ladiesd.以f或fe结尾的变f或fe为v,再加-es。e.g. knife—knives, leaf—leavese.以o结尾的名词加-s或-es。e.g. potato—potatoes, hero—heroes,photo—photosf.部分名词变复数为不规则变化。e.g. man—men, foot—feet, sheep—sheep3. 指示代词this, that, these, those，this这，这个，指近处的人或事物。these是this的复数，表示“这些”。that那，那个，指较远处的人或事物。those是that的复数，表示“那些”。通常问句中的this, that作主语时回答用it。e.g. What is this? It is a  book.these, those作主语时回答用they。e.g. What are those? They are buses.4. 英语中，有编号的事物，通常把名词放在数词前，且名词第一个字母大写，数词若为英文单词，第一个字母也应大写。 e.g. 一年级Grade 1或Grade One第三课Lesson 3或Lesson Three5. 与汉语不同，英语中单位大小的排列通常是由小到大，并用逗号隔开。e.g. 中国北京 Beijing,  China  五年级三班 Class 3, Grade 5  第一排第三号 Number 3, Row 1【重点短语】1. good morning/ afternoon / evening 早上/下午/晚上好2. glad / nice to meet / see you  见到你很高兴3. welcome to + 地点   欢迎来到……4. let’s + v  让我们做……5. stand up 起立6. sit down 坐下7. this is...  这是……8. thanks = thank you 谢谢9. see you = see you later = goodbye 再见10. ID number 身份证号码11. be from=come from 来自12. in English 用英语【重要句型】1. ---What’s your name? ---My name is Sally.2. ---Where are you from?---I’m from China.---Where do you come from? ---I come from China.3. ---Where is he/ she from?---He/She is from Japan.4. ---What’s this/ that in English? --- It’s a/ an… 5. ---What’re these/ those in English? ---They’re…  6. ---How do you spell it? ---E-R-A-S-E-R, eraser.7. ---Can you spell it?---Yes, M-A-P, map.8. —How old are you/ is he/ are they?—I’m/ He is/ They are eleven.9. —What’s your telephone number?—It’s 4567967.10. —What class/ grade are you in?  —I’m in Class Ten, Grade Seven.（注意大小写）11. Good morning/ afternoon/ evening.    12. —Hello!/Hi!  —Hello!/Hi!13. —Nice/Glad to see/meet you.—Nice/Glad to see/meet you, too.14. —Welcome to China/my home. —Thanks.15. —How do you do?—How do you do?16. —How are you?—Fine, thank you. And you?—I’m OK.17. —See you then/ later.—See you.    18. —Goodbye.—Bye.19. —Thank you. —You’re welcome./That’s OK./Not at all. 【重点语法】1. 元音字母： Aa Ee Ii Oo Uu包含有以下元音的字母：[e]  Aa Hh Jj Kk         [i:]  Ee Bb Cc Dd Gg Pp Tt Vv      [aɪ] Ii Yy  [ju:]  Uu Qq   Ww      [e] Ff Ll Mm Nn Ss Xx Zz 2. 大小写 句首字母，人名，地名，称呼语，专有名词，星期的首字母要大写，引人注意。• Look！Is that Jane?• He comes from Hubei, China.• Mr. Wang, this is my mom.• —What class are you in?—I’m in Class Ten, Grade Seven.• On Sunday, we go to the West Hill for a picnic.3. Be动词的用法 • 我用am，你用are，is用于他、她、它，单数用is，复数就用are。• 含be动词的陈述句变否定句在be后加not，变一般疑问句将be提前。• 一般疑问句的肯定回答：Yes, 人称代词+ be；否定回答：No, 人称代词+be + not。 如：---They are teachers. ---They are not teachers.---Are they teachers?  ---Yes, they are./ No, they aren’t. 4. 不定冠词、定冠词和and的用法 (1)不定冠词a, an的用法 a /an 都表示“一，一个”，a 用在以辅音音素开头的单词前,如：a book; a desk; an 用在以元音音素开头的单词前，如：an apple / an orange/ an English book;/ an English boy/ an old man;/an actor/ an English teacher/ an office worker.(2)the是定冠词，表特指，单复数前面都可用• We are in the same class.• The girl in a pink skirt is Jane.• Where is the book?• This isn’t my bike. The blue one is mine. (3) and的用法 • 数字相加看做单数： Two and three is five.• 颜色相加也是单数:   Black and white is gray.• 人和事物相加是复数：Lucy and Lily are sisters. The pen and the eraser are Jane’s.5. 可数名词单数变复数（1）规则变化① 一般在名词词尾加-s，如：car---cars; photo---photos; toy---toys; boy---boys② 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的词，在词尾加--es，如：box---boxes; bus--buses③ 以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i再加es，如：baby--babies; family--families以o结尾的词，在末尾加s或者es（有生命的加es，无生命的加s），如：hero-heroes;potato-potatoes:tomato-tomatoes4）以fe结尾，变fe为v再加es，如：knife--- knives（2）不规则变化如：foot---feet; man---men; woman---women; snowman---snowmen; （3）集体名词：people, clothes, police, family（4）成双出现的名词：shoes, pants(trousers), gloves, eyes, ears△ 一词多义：An orange（桔子）is orange（橙色的）.