仁爱版 初中英语8年级上册Unit 2知识点

科普版八年级英语知识点汇总

U2T11. well：①adj.表示身体好的，健康的②adv.好地2. What's wrong with sb.？=What happened to sb.？某人怎么了？3. have a headache/toothache/backache/stomachache/fever头疼/牙疼/背疼/胃疼/发烧have the flu 患流感严重的病可用terrible或bad来修饰4. I'm sorry+动词不定式，或I'm sorry +that 从句表示对所做错事的一种歉意或听到不好消息时的委婉表达5. should，情态动词，常用来建议或告诫别人该做什么不该做什么，后面加动词原形（否定形式：shouldn't）6. had better do sth.最好做某事had better not do sth.最好不要做某事7. 现在完成时句子基本构成：have/has+动词的过去分词（have和has是助动词，无意义）8. take sb. to sp.带某人去某地9. have a rest=take a rest休息一下10. suggest=advise建议（v.）suggest sb.(not) to do sth.advise sb. (not) to do sth. 建议某人(不要)去做某事suggestion(可数)=advice(不可数)建议（n.）一条建议 a piece of advice两条建议 two pieces of advice11. take pills（pill，可数，专指药丸）take medicine(medicine，不可数，泛指药)Attention：吃药不能用have和eat12. feel like(介词) doing sth.=want to do sth.=would like to do sth.想要做某事13. nothing,something,anything等不定代词碑形容词修饰时，形容词放其后14. while & when（引导时间状语从句）当……时候While：①动词必须是延续性动词②从句和主句的动作同时发生，两句都用过去进行时  ③强调主句的动作在从句的动作发生过程中When：①动词可以是短暂性动词，也可以是延续性动词②主句用过去进行时，从句一般用一般过去时③从句和主句的动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生15. need：①sb. need sth.“某人需要某物”②sb. need to do sth.“某人需要做某事”③sth. need doing sth.=sth. need to be+过去分词“某物需要被…”Attention：在否定句种和疑问句中need为情态动词16. run to sb.向某人跑去run into sb.撞到某人17. hurt：vt.使伤心，伤害（强调动作）vi.受伤，受疼痛（强调状态）adj.受伤的，痛的18. check over=look over仔细检查（代词放中间Eg:check me over）19. help sb. (to) do sth.帮助某人做某事help sb. with sth.20. ask：请两天的假：ask for two days' leave=ask for two-day leaveask for help请求，恳求ask sb. for help向某人求救（call sb. for help向某人打电话求救）21. return to=go back to返回…(当地点为地点副词时，去掉to)22. too much+不可数名词“太多…”much too+形容词“太…”too many+可数名词复数too much 放在动词后，表示“做某事太多次”23. thanks/thank you for sth./doing sth.因为（做）某事而感谢某人24. 接受建议：follow（take）the advice25. worry & worriedSb. worry about sth.(强调担心的动作）Sb. be worried about sth.(强调担心的状态)26. for+时间段，回答由“How long”引导的问句27. take：take medicine（pills）吃药take the temperature 量体温take…to…带某人或某物去某地take away 带走take off 脱下，起飞take…with… 随身携带某物U2T21. 动名词做主语，谓语动词用单数2. Because（conj.）：后面加句子Cause(v.)：后面加宾语3. without（prep.）后面加名词. 代词. 动名词4. must：①情态动词，后面加动词原形②在肯定句中，表示肯定推测，可能性最大③引导一般疑问句，答语：Yes，主语+must.No，主语+needn't或don't have to.拓展：表示推测：肯定：must>can>could>may>mightMust语气最强烈，“一定”can理论上可能，但未必会发生，“可能”could再次“can”，“可能”may/might无把握的推测，“也许，可能”(might比may更没有把握)否定：can't>couldn't>may not>might notcan't,语气最强烈，“一定不“couldn't,比can't语气弱，表示某事不一定真实，“可能不”may not和might not（无把握的）否定推测，“或许不”用于疑问句的推测，一般只用can和could5. say表示电话. 报纸. 广播. 布告. 电视上说，不一定能真正意义上说出声，但表达传递出了一定的内容6. even adv.通常置于所修饰词之前，若有助动词放助动词后，还可修饰比较级（还有a lot，much，a little）7. ask sb.(not) to do sth.要求某人（不要）做某事tell sb.(not) to do sth.告诉某人（不要）做某事8. give up：①后加宾语（名词. 代词. 动名词）②加代词作宾语，宾语放中间（give it up）9. enough：①adj. “充分的，足够的”，加名词  ②adv.“充分地，足够地”，修饰形容词和副词，放其后③n. “足够”10. 主过从过：主句用过去时，宾语从句也用过去时Eg: She said it might cause illness.主将从现：主句用将来时，状语从句用一般现在时表将来Eg: If it doesn't rain tomorrow, I will play soccer.as soon as “…就马上…”引导时间状语从句，此句型“主将从现”Eg: I will call you as soon as I get to Beijing.11. 照顾好某人：①care for sb. very well.②look after sb. very well.③take good care of sb.12. 强迫某人（不要）做某事Force sb. (not) to do sth.13. 感官动词：taste sound feel look smell尝起来，听起来，感觉起来，看起来，闻起来（感官动词后面加形容词）  14. could & maycould：①can的过去式 ②在疑问句中表示委婉请求may：①表推测，可能，用于肯定句中②表请求. 许可，意为“可以”，可和“can”互换（表请求时用于第一人称的一般疑问句时，否定回答用mustn't或can't）     ③表祝愿15. do harm to sb.对某人有害16. not only…but(also)…不仅…而且…，并列两个对等的句子成分。并列两个主语时，谓语动词与后一个保持一致，即“就近原则”17. risk doing sth.冒风险做某事18. over=more than多于……U2T31. talk to sb.强调一方向另一方说话talk with sb.强调双方谈话talk with/to sb. about sth. 和某人谈论（讨论）某事2. keep away from…=stay away from…=get away from…“远离……”3. question & problemquestion：[C](容易解决. 口头回答的问题，与ask和answer搭配)problem：[C]（抽象问题Eg:心理问题，社会问题……，与solve搭配）4. go ahead and do sth.赶快做某事5. “to do…”为不定式短语，为目的状语，“为了…”6. must & have toMust 强调说话者的主观看法（无人称. 数和时态时的变化）Have to 强调客观的需要（有人称. 数和时态的变化）7. open（v.）打开  反义词close（v.）关闭【强调动作】open（adj.）打开着的  反义词closed(adj.)关闭着的【强调状态】 8.afraid：①I am afraid(that)…(口语常用结构。表示遗憾地)认为…恐怕…②be afraid of sth,/be afraid of doing sth./be afraid that…担心某事/担心做某事/害怕…③be afraid to do sth.（害怕其结果而）不敢做…9. 给某人打电话：call sb. up=give sb. a call(人称代词放中间)10. right now=right away=at once 马上11. 留口信 leave a message 捎口信give a/the message传口信 take a message给某人捎口信 give a message to sb.=take a message for sb.12. sth. happens to sb./sth.  某人/某物发生某事happen to do sth.碰巧做某事
13. try to do sth.设法/尽力/试图做某事try one's best to do sth.尽某人最大努力做某事try one's best=do one's best某人尽自己最大的努力14. stay:stay+adj.“保持某种状态”,相当于“keep+adj.”15. say no to “拒绝. 远离”，后面加名词. 代词. 动名词类似的结构：say thanks/goodbye/hello/sorry to16. give a talk to sb.给某人一个讲话give a talk about sth.一个关于某事的讲话give a talk about sth. to sb.给某人一个关于某事的讲话17. stop to do sth.停下来去做某事stop doing sth.停下来正在做的事18. get sb./sth. doing sth.（使某人/物一直怎么样…进行中）19. instead of+名词/代词/动名词“代替，而不是”介词短语instead是副词，只能单独使用20. until“一直到…”,多用于肯定句，主句动词多为延续性动词not…until…“直到…才…”,主句动词多为短暂性动词
Unit2 topic 1
1. well 的用法（1）look welllook在这里译作“看起来”，作连系动词，后接形容词。（2）sleep wellwell 通常来说是副词，但是当表示身体好坏时，是形容词。2. What’s wrong with you?=What’s the matter/trouble with you?3. suggest/advisesuggest doingadvise to dosuggestion 可数名词advice不可数名词advise动词4. enough 修饰名词 enough+名词修饰形容词/副词 形容词/副词 +enough+名词“形前名后”5. 表建议或劝告 had better (not) do sth.最好（不）做某事should (not) do sth. （不）应该做某事 6. medicine/piltake medicine吃/服药(片)medicine不可数have/take pills 吃/服药(片)pill可数7. too much + 不可数名词，表 “太多……”too many+可数名词复数much too + 形容词，表 “太……”candy为不可数名词，做糖的种类时就可数了。8. 想要做某事feel like doing sth.would like to do sth9. lie的用法

lie 躺	lay
lie 撒谎	lied
lay	lied

10. help sb. with sth.帮助某人某事help with sth. 帮助某事help sb. (to) do sth.帮助某人做某事with the help of = with one’s help 在……的帮助下ask sb. for help = turn to sb.向某人寻求帮助11. leave(1) leave作为n. 时，意为“休假” 请两周假ask for two weeks’ leave = ask for a two-week leave请假(2) leave作为v. 时，意为“离开；留下”。leave for动身去某地leave a message留言take a message捎口信 = give sb. a messageTopic2 I must ask him to give up smoking.1. worry用法. v. worry about担心…… e.g. Don’t worry about me. I am fine. adj. worried 担心的, be worried about 担心…… e.g. He was worried about the test. 2. watch主要用于观看电视节目、球赛、游戏和话剧，强调动作see 与watch都可以用于观看比赛、电视节目、演出、电影等，但see强调结果read主要用于读书、看报look强调动作，不及物动词常与at搭配使用3. staying up late(be) bad for your health. 此处动名词短语在句中作主语，谓语动词用单数。4. put into 把……丢进……put away 收拾put up 粘贴，悬挂；举起put on 穿上，上映put off 推迟5. give up + doing sth. 放弃做某事give up sth. 放弃某东西give up 接人称代词时放在两词中间I don’t like history, so I want to give it up.6. It’s necessary for sth.对……来说是很有必要的It’s + necessary + (for sb.) to do sth.(对某人来说)做某事有必要It’s + adj. + (for sb.) to do sth.(对某人来说)做某事是怎么样的……7. Be careful not to eat too much salt or sugar.否定句中常用or代替and表示和的意思【拓展】意为“否则，不然”，用于警告或忠告8. as soon as 意为“一……就” 可用（主将从现）We will go back to school as soon as the summer holiday is over.9. But his mother made him taste it.make sb./sth. +adj 使某人/某物怎么样 make sb./sth. + do sth.使某人/某物做某事10. suprise用法【拓展】surprise 动词，意为“使吃惊”be surprised to do sth. be surprised at sth.  surprise 名词，意为“惊讶”11. such as/for exampleLunch: rice with a lot of meat such as chicken. beef, etc.such as后接名词或短语He knows many languages such as Chinese，English，Russian and French. for example 后接句子He is a good boy for example he often helps his mother with the housework.Topic3 Must we exercise to prevent the flu?
12. as...as possible 尽可能……尽可能快 as soon as possible尽可能早 as early as possible13. prevent sb. (from) doing sth. 阻止某人做某事，此处from可省略。stop/keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事，此处from不可省略。14. afraid形容词，害怕的，担心的，恐怕害怕做某事be afraid to do sth.be afraid of doing sth.15. 让: make/getmake/get sb/sth doing sth“让某人/某物一直做"get sb to do sth “使某人做某事”get + adj.“……变得……”16.instead of 是介词短语，后接名词、代词和动名词，放在句中句首都可以take the place of 是动词词组，作谓语，放在句中

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