初中科普版仁爱九年级英语上册 Unit1知识点汇总​

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科普版 初中英语 9年级上册第一单元知识点

Unit1

U1T1SA
1 You have just come back from you hometown.你刚从你的城镇回来。现在完成时：之前已经发生或完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。结构：助动词have/has +动词的过去分词I have finished that work. 我已经完成了那项工作。  She has bought a new bike. 她买了一辆新自行车。2. have/has been to...去过……e.g. He has been to Hubei. 他去过湖北。（人已不在湖北，表示有此经历,曾经去过那里。）I have been to Beijing several times. 我去过北京几次。have/has gone to...已经去了，它强调主语此时不在说话地点。e.g. She has gone to Shang-hai. 她已经去了上海。3. so...that... 如此……以至于……，引导结果状语从句。e.g. He ran so quickly that we couldn’t keep up with him.他跑的太快以至于我们都赶不上。so...that...引导的从句有时可以和too...to...句型互换。e.g. He is so young that he can’t go to school. = He is too young to go to school. 他太小了，还不能上学。4. improve 意为“提高，(使)好转，改善”。a.可作及物动词。improve oneself自我提高。e.g. He has improved his health. 他的健康状况得到了改善。b.可作不及物动词。e.g. His health is improving. 他的健康状况正在好转。另：improve on/upon sth.对……做出改进。e.g. He has improved on the invention.他进一步完善了他的发明。improvement n. 改进（处），增进，事物。5 by the way 顺便问一问。e.g. By the way, do you know him? 顺便问一问，你认识他吗？6 There goes the bell.＝That’s the bell.＝The bell is ringing.铃响了。此句是倒装语序。倒装分为局部倒装和完全倒装，主语是代词时一般用局部倒装，主语是名词时则用完全倒装。e.g. There comes the bus. 公共汽车来了。Look! Here he comes. 看！他来了。Here you are. 给你。8 Where have you been? 你去过哪里啦？ I have been to +地点。我去过了……Where has she/he been? 她/他去过哪里啦？ She/He has been to +地点。我去过了……U1T1SB
1 I haven’t seen you for a long time.我很长时间没看到你啦。现在完成时的否定结构是haven’t/hasn’t+过去分词。2 You took part in some volunteer activities during summer holidays, didn’t you?   你在暑假参加了一些志愿者活动，是吗？ 此句为反义疑问句。例如：e.g. It’s a nice day, isn’t it?美好的一天，不是吗？Ann didn’t use to live there, did she?Ann过去不常住那里，不是吗？3  I’ve learnt a lot from it.  我从中 学到了很多东西。learn ... from... 从……中学习（到）……e.g. We must learn from each other.我们必须互相学习。He learnt a lot from his friends last summer.去年夏季，他从他朋友那学到了很多。4 Have you been to any other place?你有没有去过其它地方吗？现在完成时的疑问句Have you cleaned the room?  回答：Yes, I have, /No , I haven’t .5  Though I had no time to travel, I still felt very happy.虽然我没有时间去旅行，但是我仍然觉得很开心。A  though conj. 尽管，虽然，引导让步状语从句。注意：though不能与but连用。e.g. Though it was late, he went on working.尽管天晚了，但他仍在工作。B have (no) time to do sth. 意为“有(没有)时间做……”。e.g. I have time to see you. 我有时间去看你。U1T1SC1 more than 相当于over，意为“超过，多于”，后常跟数词。more than/over ten men 十多个人。more ... than ... 意为“比……更……”，是比较级的一种用法。中间多接名词、多音节的形容词或副词原级。e.g. I have more friends than you. 我的朋友比你的多。He is more careful than Jim. 他比吉姆细心。2 see sth. oneself  意为“亲眼目睹”。e.g. I saw him helping others myself. 我亲眼目睹他帮助别人。3 have the chance to do sth. 意为“有机会做某事”。e.g.  I’ll have the chance to visit your factory next Sunday. 下星期天我将有机会去参观你们的工厂。4a.keep in touch with ... 意为“与……保持联系”。e.g. He still keeps in touch with his old friends. 他仍和老朋友们保持联系。b.far away遥远，常放在句末作后置定语。e.g. They live in a village far away. 他们住在一个遥远的村子里。faraway adj. 遥远的e.g. a faraway town 一个遥远的小镇far away from+某地，离……遥远。如前面有具体数字时，则不能连用far。e.g. My home is far away from Beijing. 我家离北京很远。My hometown is about 100 kilometers away from Shanghai.我的家乡离上海大约100公里。5 develop v.发展，发达。developed adj. 发达的，developing adj. 发展中的，development n.发展。e.g. China’s economy has developed a lot, but Chin  a is still a developing country while the U.S.A. is a developed country. 中国的经济已经有了很大的发展，但中国仍是一个发展中国家，而美国是一个发达国家6  satisfy v.使（某人）满意或满足。e.g. It’s impossible to satisfy everyone.让所有的人满意是不可能的。be satisfied with ...意为“对……感到满意、满足”，与be pleased with...同义。e.g. He is satisfied with his new job.他对他的新工作感到满意。7 not only...but also...  不但……而且……，用来连接两个相同的成分。连接主语时，谓语动词须和邻近的主语保持一致。e.g.  Not only he but also I have been to Canada.不仅他去过加拿大，我也去过。8   care n.照料、照顾、护理。medical care 医疗保健patient care 病人护理take care of (sb./sth.) 照料、照顾（某人/某物）v. care about sb./sth.关注、在意、担忧某人/某物e.g. I don’t care about what she said.我不在意她所说的。9 a. already adv. 意为“已经”，多用于现在完成时，常放在肯定句中间或句末。e.g. I have already read this book. 我已经看过这本书了。b. succeed in sth./doing sth.意为“成功地做某事”。e.g. Tom succeeded in making a beautiful model plane.汤姆成功地做好了一个漂亮的飞机模型。success n. 成功。successful  adj. 成功的。10  I think it’s important to remember the past.我认为记住过去很重要。 a. it 是形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。e.g. I find it is easy for us to learn English well. 我发现对我们来说学好英语是容易的。11. dream about 梦想，展望，后接名词或动词-ing形式。e.g. He dreams about a new house. 他梦想拥有一栋新房子。We used to dream about living abroad. 过去我们常常梦想去国外生活。U1T1SD1. Leisure activities play an important part in people’s lives.休闲活动在人们的生活中起着重要的作用。play a/an… part = play a/an… role  扮演……角色；起……作用；有……影响
e.g. Computer plays an important part in our daily lives.2. Watching operas and listening to the radio were the main activities in their spare time.  看戏和听广播是他们在空闲时间的主要活动。watching operas and listening to the radio 是动名词短语，作这个句子的主语。e.g. Reading books plays an important part in his life.in one’s spare/free time  在某人的业余时间e.g. She often goes shopping in her spare time.3. They go to visit some places of interest, and some people even make a tour abroad to see the world.  他们去参观名胜古迹，有些人甚至去国外旅游。make a tour abroad 去国外旅游e.g. They plan to make a tour abroad next yearU1T2SA1 get lost 走失，迷路。其中lost为形容词，其近义词有missing和gone。e.g. I found my bike missing.我发现我的自行车丢了。My pen is lost. 我的笔丢了。My watch is gone.我的手表不见了。2 call up给……打电话,名词作宾语时可以放在up后面或两词之间；宾语是代词时，必须放在两词之间。e.g. I called Tom up yesterday, but he didn’t answer it. 昨天我给汤姆打电话，但他没有接。I’ll call you up as soon as I come back. 我一回来就给你打电话。同义词组：ring up, make a telephone call。3 So do I. 此句为完全倒装句。其含义为“A如此，B也如此。”其结构是so+be/助动词/情态动词＋主语。e.g. He likes playing the piano. So does she. 他喜欢弹钢琴，她也是。其否定结构为neither/nor＋be/助动词/情态动词+主语。e.g. I am not good at singing, neither is he. 我不擅长唱歌，他也是。注:so＋主语+ be/助动词/情态动词，它指两者对同一事物的看法，意为“A如此或A确实如此。”e.g. —I think Tom can work out the problem. 我认为汤姆能算出这道题。—So he can. 他确实能。  (记忆技巧：某人确实在中间)4 already常用于肯定句中，指动作已经发生,或比期望发生的要早，一般用在句子中间或句末；yet用于疑问句和否定句中，谈论尚未发生但可能发生的事，通常位于句末。e.g. —Have you had your lunch yet? 你吃过午饭了吗？—Yes, I’ve already had it.是的，我已经吃过了。U1T2SB
1 population意为“人口”,“居民”，常用形容词large或small来表示人口的多少。e.g. China has the largest population in the world.中国拥有世界上最多的人口。注: 常用句式：What’s the population of...? 意为“……人口是多少？”have a pupulation of... 意为“有……人口”e.g. China has a pupulation of 1.3billion. 中国有13亿人口。2 increase v. (使)增加，（使)增大，增多。increase by＋倍数或百分数，表示“增加了……倍或百分之……”。e.g. Compared with last year, our pay has increased by three times.与去年相比，我们的工资增长了3倍。increase to＋具体的增长后的数字，表示“增加到了……”。e.g. Our rice output has increased to 6 million tons this year. 我们的水稻产量今年增长到了600万吨。3 carry out 实行，进行，执行。e.g. It won’t be an easy plan to carry out. 那并不是一个容易实施的计划。e.g. This is a new policy, and they will carry it out next year.这是一项新政策，他们将在明年实施它。U1T2SC1 What problems do you think China’s large population has caused?你觉得中国的庞大的人口数目引起了什么问题？此句中do you think是插入语，what problems 作cause的宾语,所以do you think之后接陈述句语序。e.g. Who do you know is on duty today? 你知道今天谁值日吗？这里do you know是插入语，who在句中作主语。2 one fifth  五分之一要表示“几分之几的……”时，采用“分数+ of+ ...”形式。e.g. two thirds of the students 三分之二的学生。英语中分数表示法为：分子采用基数词，分母采用序数词且有单/复数形式。分子大于1，分母要用复数形式。e.g. one seventh七分之一，two sevenths七分之二。注：四分之一亦作a quarter，百分数读作“基数词+percent（无复数）”。e.g. 30%读作thirty percent。half意为“一半，二分之一”，相当于one second或50%。3 because of+n./v.-ing 因为……。eg. Now most families have only one child because of our country’s one-child policy.=Because our country has the one-child policy, now most families have only one child.由于我国实施独生子女政策，现在大多数家庭只有一个孩子。4  whole着眼于整体，接可数名词单数形式。谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。e.g. The whole family likes watching TV.全家人都喜爱看电视。This whole week has passed quickly.整个一周都过得很快。all着重于全体中的各个部分，接不可数名词或名词复数。e.g. All the people in the ship lost their lives.轮船上所有人都遇难了。5 supply: n.供应量，供给量，储备eg. The water supply is not enough.水的供给不足。v.（尤其大量）供应，供给，提供，常用句型：supply sth. to sb./supply sb. with sth.eg. Our country supplies free textbooks to children.=Our country supplies children with free textbooks.我国给孩子们提供免费的教科书。provide, offer与supply意思相近，但用法不同。比较：provide sth. for sb./provide sb. with sth.offer sth. to sb./offer sb. sth.6 worse and worse  越来越糟糕比较级+and+比较级 意为“越来越……”eg. The weather is getting colder and colder.天气变得越来越冷了。Our school is becoming more and more beautiful.我们的校园变得越来越漂亮了。7 be known as...＝be famous as... 以……而闻名。e.g. Edison was famous/known as a great scientist.爱迪生以一位伟大的科学家而闻名/著称。8 It worked well in controlling China’s population.它在控制中国的人口方面很有成效。 work well in doing sth. 在做某事方面很有成效。eg. Reciting texts every day has worked well in learning English. 每天背诵课文在学习英语方面很有成效。9  thanks to多亏了……，由于……的帮助，相当于because of ...或with the help of ...，在此短语中，to是一个介词，后接名词或代词。eg. Thanks to the doctor, I am well again.多亏这位医生，我身体又康复了。thanks for 为……感谢。强调感谢的原因，后跟名词、代词、动词-ing形式。eg. Thanks for your invitation.谢谢你的邀请。U1T2SD1 called Fairmont过去分词短语放在名词后作后置定语，这里called可改为named/with the name of ...。e.g.The boy called/named/with the name of Li Lei is my brother. 名叫李雷的那个男孩是我的弟弟。2 interest意为“吸引力,趣味”,不可数名词。a place of interest一处名胜，places of interest许多名胜。e.g. There are many places of interest in our city. 我们城市有许多名胜。3 给某人打电话   call sb. uplose one’s way  迷路增加了……    increase bydeveloping countries   发展中国家developed countries  发达国家carry out 实行到目前为止 so far采取措施做某事 take measures to do sththanks to sb./sth. 幸亏，由于be surrounded by 被……所环绕the capital of China 中国的首都U1T3SA1 How do you like (doing) sth.?=What do you think of ...? 你认为……怎么样e.g. How do you like the weather in Beijing?你认为北京的天气怎么样？=What do you think of the weather in Beijing?How do you like playing basketball now?你认为现在打篮球怎么样？=What do youthink of playing basketball now?2 get used to (doing) sth.习惯于做某事。可用于多种时态中。get可用be/become等来代替。
e.g. He will be (has been) used to getting up early. 他将会(已经)习惯早起。used to do sth. 过去总是做某事（而现在不做了）。只用于一般过去时。e.g. He used to be a quiet boy. 他过去是个不太爱说话的男孩。be used to do sth.被用于做某事e.g. Wood is used to make paper. 木材被用于造纸。3 …..but the city has improved a lot since I came here a few years ago.……但是从我几年前来这里以来，这个城市改善了很多。since引导的从句常用一般过去时，表示“自从……以来”，它前面的主句通常使用现在完成时。e.g. It has been raining since I came here two days ago. 自从两天前我来到这里就一直下雨。For + 时间段  有……的时间了Since + 时间段+ ago 自从……前  + 时间点   自从…以来  +从句   自从……. 4 a. as a matter of fact实际上，相当于in fact。
e.g. I haven’t been here long. As a matterof fact, I just got off the plane yesterday morning. 我到这里没多久。实际上，我昨天早上刚下飞机。b. 动词不定式to live在此作place的定语。动词不定式作定语时,与所修饰的词之间往往有动宾关系,如果该不定式是不及物动词,或者其本身有宾语,后面应有必要的介词。但当动词不定式所修饰的名词是place时，不定式后面通常没有介词。eg. We were looking for a place to sit.我们正找个坐的地方。5 must是情态动词，在这里意为“一定”，常用于表达希望尽快做某事。e.g. We must come over and try out your new car. 我们改天一定来试试你的新汽车。for在此是介词，表示目的。e.g. You must come for seeing me nextweek.下周你一定要来看我。6 millions of  用法：在英语中hundred , thousand , million , billion等词，当其前面有数词时，它们不加 “s”使用，其后也不用介词of .直接跟可数名词的复数形式。如：five million people 五百万人当表达不确定数字时，在它们后面加上 “s”再加介词of使用。后接可数名词的复数形式，表示 “数百” “数千” “数百万” “数十亿”。如：millions of people 数百万人hundreds of  成百上千的thousands of 成千上万的millions of 数以百万计的billions of  数以十亿计的U1T3SB1 once conj.一旦……就……。引导时间状语从句。e.g. Once you hear the song，you will never forget it. 一旦你听到这首歌，你会永远忘不了它。2 in need 在困难时，在贫困之中。e.g. The teacher is so kind-hearted that he often helps the students in need. 这位老师心地善良，他经常帮助贫困的学生。3 decide on+名词/动名词= decide to do sth. 决定要做某事。e.g. They decided on a field trip for their holidays.= They decided to have a field trip for their holidays.他们决定假期春游。4 provide v. 提供，供应。e.g. That hotel provides good meals.那家旅馆供应丰盛的膳食。常用于下列结构: provide sb. with sth.（提供给某人某物）。e.g. The managers provided us with a few computers. 经理们给我们提供了几台电脑。provide sth. for sb.(为某人提供某物)。e.g. They provided food for the poor. 他们给穷人们提供了食品。5 so that在此引导目的状语从句，意为“为了……”，与in order that同义。e.g. She spoke loudly so that everyone could hear her.她大声讲话是为了让大家都能听见。6 a. It is +adj. + for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是……。e.g. It is important for us to learn English well.对于我们来说学好英语是重要的。b. feel good感到愉快或有信心。e.g. Feeling good about yourself is helpful to you. 有信心对你是有帮助的。U1T3SC1 purpose n.意为“意图，目的，目标”。eg. What is the purpose of the meeting?这次会议的目的是什么? on purpose 意为“故意，有意地”。eg. He went home late on purpose last night.他昨晚故意很晚回家。2 raise v.a. 抚养，养育（孩子），饲养（家畜），种植或生产（作物）。eg. The Smiths raised three children.史密斯夫妇养育了三个孩子。b. 提起。eg. She raised her hands to greet me.她扬起手跟我打招呼。c. 征收，招募，筹集。eg. raise money 募捐 raise an army招兵3 support v. 意为“支持，资助，援助”，常用句型：support sb. in sth.eg. I’ll try my best to support you in the work.我将在工作中全力支持你。n. give support to sb. 给某人提供帮助eg. Her family and friends have given her lots of support. 家人和朋友给了她许帮助。4 think of ... as ... 意为“把……视为……，把……看成……”，与regard ... as ...同义。eg. I think of her as my best friend.我把她看作是最好的朋友。U1T3SD1. Project Hope has made important contributions to both the education and the health of children.希望工程为儿童的教育和健康都做出了重大贡献。make a contribution  to+名词/代词/doing sth. 为……作贡献2. For more than 20 years, Project Hope has encouraged the moral development and modern thinking of students. 20多年来，希望工程鼓励了孩子的道德发展和现代意识。 

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