爱尔兰统一的呼声越来越高；欧盟敦促美国重新思考“歧视性”税收优惠丨双语资讯速览

01

爱尔兰统一的呼声越来越高

Irish senator Frances Black surveyed the crowd. “What a buzz!” she exclaimed to the 5,000 people packing the concert hall in Dublin. Topping the bill was not Beyoncé, Roger Waters or Bob Dylan — past stars of the 3Arena — but local actors and politicians. The sellout show? A “conversation” about Irish reunification.

爱尔兰参议员弗朗西斯•布莱克(Frances Black)打量着人群。她对挤满都柏林音乐厅的5000名观众感叹道：“真是热闹啊！”海报上的不是碧昂丝(Beyoncé)、罗杰•沃特斯(Roger Waters)或鲍勃•迪伦(Bob Dylan)——3Arena过去明星——而是当地的演员和政治人士。这场卖座的演出是什么？一场关于爱尔兰统一的“对话”。

Organised by Ireland’s Future, a three-year-old advocacy group chaired by Black, the aim of this month’s event was to spur debate and build support for a “new and united Ireland”, a century after it was divided into a 26-county republic and the six-county British-run Northern Ireland.

此次活动由倡导组织“爱尔兰的未来”(Ireland’s Future)举办，该组织成立3年，由布莱克担任主席。本月活动的目的是激发辩论，为“新的统一的爱尔兰”争取支持。一个世纪前，爱尔兰分裂为由26个郡组成的爱尔兰共和国和6个郡由英国管辖的北爱尔兰。

With more events planned, talk of unity on the island of 7mn is gathering momentum, spurred by Brexit, changing demographics and the pro-unity Sinn Féin surge to become the biggest party on both sides of the border.

随着更多活动的计划，受英国脱欧、人口结构变化和支持统一的新芬党(Sinn Féin)崛起为边境两侧最大政党的刺激，关于这个700万人口的岛屿统一的讨论日益高涨。

——本文2022年10月10日发布于FT中文网，英文原题为Ireland’s reunification talk grows louder

02

斯特金：苏格兰独立将可确保同

联合王国其余成员国的伙伴关系

Nicola Sturgeon blames “aggressive unionism” for undermining devolution and says independence for Scotland is the only way to secure a partnership of equals between the nations that make up the UK.

苏格兰首席大臣尼古拉•斯特金(Nicola Sturgeon)指责“激进的联合主义”破坏了权力下放，并表示苏格兰独立是确保构成联合王国的国家之间建立平等伙伴关系的唯一途径。

Scotland’s first minister, whose government has asked the UK Supreme Court to rule on whether the parliament in Edinburgh has a legal right to hold a “consultative” referendum on breaking away from the UK, will tell supporters of her Scottish National party on Monday that separation would reset the country’s relationship with the rest of the UK.

斯特金周一将告知苏格兰民族党(Scottish National Party)的支持者，独立将重置苏格兰与联合王国其余成员国的关系。斯特金政府已要求英国最高法院(UK Supreme Court)就爱丁堡议会是否拥有举行脱离英国的“协商性”公投的合法权利做出裁决。

But excerpts of her speech, released ahead of her closing address to the SNP’s first in-person national conference since the Covid-19 outbreak, did not directly deal with the economic questions that have dominated the independence debate, such as which currency an independent Scotland would use or the creation of a trade border with England in the event of an independent Scotland joining the EU.

但是，自新冠疫情暴发以来，她在苏格兰民族党首次现场全国会议上发表闭幕演讲之前所公布的演讲节选，并没有直接涉及主导这场独立辩论的经济问题，比如独立后的苏格兰将使用哪种货币，或者若独立后的苏格兰加入欧盟(EU)，与英格兰建立贸易边界的问题。

——本文2022年10月10日发布于FT中文网，英文原题为Sturgeon says Scottish independence will secure partnership of UK’s nations

03

欧盟敦促美国重新思考

“歧视性”税收优惠

Brussels is pushing for Washington to rethink “discriminatory” provisions in its new flagship green legislation, as alarm mounts among EU officials that the rules could prompt European companies to move production to the US. Margrethe Vestager, Europe’s competition enforcer, said Brussels wants to use a meeting of the transatlantic Trade and Technology Council (TTC) in December as a vehicle to address a brewing dispute over America’s new rules contained in its Inflation Reduction Act, which became law in August. The hope, she told the Financial Times, was that this strategy would yield quicker results than legal action through the World Trade Organization.

布鲁塞尔敦促华盛顿方面重新考虑其新的旗舰绿色立法中的“歧视性”条款。目前欧盟官员们越来越担心这些规则可能会促使欧洲公司将生产转移到美国。欧洲竞争执法负责人玛格丽特•韦斯塔格(Margrethe Vestager)表示，布鲁塞尔方面希望利用12月举行的美国-欧盟贸易和技术委员会(TTC)会议作为工具，解决8月生效的美国《降低通胀法》(Inflation Reduction Act)中的新规则所引发的不断发酵的纠纷。她对英国《金融时报》表示，希望这一策略能比通过世界贸易组织(WTO)采取法律行动更快取得结果。

“As a matter of principle, you should not put this up against friends,” Vestager said of provisions in America’s new Inflation Reduction Act that offer substantial incentives to bolster domestic production of electric cars and other green technologies. “You have what we see as an unbalanced subsidy.”

“从原则上说，你不应该对朋友搞这么一出。”韦斯塔格在谈到美国《降低通胀法》中的条款——这些条款提供重大实质性措施以支持在美国国内生产电动汽车和其他绿色技术产品——时表示，“我们认为这是一种失衡的补贴。”

EU officials are concerned that the policies in the Inflation Reduction Act discriminate unfairly against electric vehicles produced outside of the US, amounting to a breach of WTO rules. The act includes tax credits for electric vehicles made in North America as well as provisions seeking to boost the US battery supply chain and its renewable power sector.

欧盟官员们担心，《降低通胀法》中的政策不公平地歧视在美国以外生产的电动汽车，构成违反世贸规则。该法对北美制造的电动汽车给予税收抵免，并含有旨在促进美国的电池供应链及可再生电力行业的条款。

——本文2022年10月10日发布于FT中文网，英文原题为EU urges US to rethink tax breaks in landmark green legislation

04

富国气候赔偿议题将

主导COP27议程

World leaders attending next month’s UN climate summit are gearing up for a renewed battle over how much financial support rich countries provide to developing nations, to help them cope with the consequences of rising global temperatures.

参加下个月联合国气候峰会的世界各国领导人正为一场新的战斗做准备，主题是富裕国家应向发展中国家提供多少财政支持，以帮助它们应对全球气温上升的后果。

The question of so-called “loss and damage” funding for developing nations has been contentious for years, with rich countries reluctant to accept financial responsibility for climate change caused by industrial activity and offer compensation to poorer countries.

为发展中国家提供所谓“损失和损害”(loss and damage)资助的问题多年来一直存在争议，富国不愿为工业活动造成的气候变化承担经济责任，向穷国提供补偿。

But many developing countries, such as the low-lying Pacific island states vulnerable to sea level rise, are stepping up their demands. They want to see the creation of an international loss and damage finance facility — a type of fund — at November’s COP27 UN summit, hosted by Egypt.

但许多发展中国家，比如地势低洼、易受海平面上升影响的太平洋岛国，正在提高他们的要求。他们希望在11月由埃及主办的第27届联合国气候变化大会(COP27)上建立一个国际损失和损害融资机制，即一种基金。

——本文2022年10月10日发布于FT中文网，英文原题为‘Loss and damage’ debate set to dominate the COP27 agenda

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