天坛 The Temple of Heaven

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The Temple of Heaven is located in southern Beijing. It was first constructed in 1420, the 18th year of the reign of Ming emperor Yongle, and was extended and renovated during the reigns of Ming Emperor Jiajing and Qing Emperor Qianlong. It was the place where the emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties would worship the god of heaven and pray for good harvest. Covering an area of 273 hectares, it is the largest architectural complex in the world for rituals to pay homage to heaven.

北京天坛位于北京市南部。它始建于1420年，明朝永乐十八年，明朝嘉靖和清朝乾隆年间扩建修缮。北京天坛是明清两代皇帝进行祭天仪式，祈求风调雨顺的地方。它占地273公顷，是世界上面积最大的供祭天仪式的建筑群。

The Hall of Prayer for Good Harvests is a magnificent triple-gabled circular building, 36 meters in diameter and 38 meters tall, built on three levels of marble stone base, where the Emperor prayed for good harvests. The building is completely wooden.

祈年殿是一座雄伟的三重顶圆形建筑，直径36米，高38米，建在三级大理石基座上，皇帝就在那里祈祷好的收成。该建筑完全是木制的，没有一枚钉子。

The Imperial Vault of Heaven is a single-gabled circular building, built on a single level of marble stone base. It is located south of the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvests and resembles it, but is smaller. It is surrounded by a smooth circular wall, the Echo Wall, that can transmit sounds over large distances.

皇穹宇是一座单重顶的圆形建筑，建在单极的大理石基座上。它位于祈年殿的南边，并与其相似，但较小。它周边环绕着一圈光滑的圆形围墙——回音壁，回音壁可以长距离传输声音。

The Circular Mound Altar is one of the important buildings and is a three-tier white stone terrace enclosed by two walls. The outer wall is a square and inner wall is a circle, representing the “circular Heaven and square Earth”. 

圜丘坛是天坛重要建筑物之一，为三层露天汉白玉石阶圆台，外围两道围墙。外墙是方形，内墙是圆形，象征着“天圆地方”。

The altar has a round rock, called the Heavenly Center Stone, at the center of the top terrace. If you stand on the rock and speak loud, the sound waves reflected by the walls are bounced back to the center. And the voice will echoes back again and again.

坛中心的圆形石板，叫天心石。站在上面高喊，声音遇围墙而反射回圆台中央，回响不断。

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往期回顾

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