中国娱乐圈掀起清洗风暴？

来源：岛读世界

爱奇艺25日宣布取消未来几年的偶像选秀节目，图为因粉丝倒牛奶应援偶像而遭下令停播的《青春有你3》。（互联网）

8月26日晚，中国互联网曝光了一则《关于排查清理劣迹艺人节目及内容的通知》，称中国国家广播电视总局监管日报近日通报多地多起电视节目和网络视听节目中出现劣迹艺人的问题，并要求各部门、各单位从8月25日起对所有线上线下节目排查清理涉及霍尊、吴亦凡、郑爽、赵薇、范冰冰等劣迹艺人的相关内容。

这个劣迹艺人的名单上，范冰冰2018年因涉“阴阳合同”连缴带罚共需上交近8.8亿元（人民币，下同，1.84亿新元）而轰动一时；吴亦凡涉嫌诱奸未成年少女而被捕，霍尊聊天群暴露私生活混乱，都是近月备受关注的新闻；郑爽被前男友先后曝出代孕弃养和签订“阴阳合同”涉嫌偷税，昨天被中国国家税务总局通报追缴2.99亿元。

上述几人的丑闻当初闹得沸沸扬扬，进入黑名单可说是意料中事，近年相对低调的赵薇，被主演的作品除名，一些艺人好友更纷纷删除与她相关的微博，则有点事发突然，网上关于她被封杀的原因的猜测满天飞。

近年相对低调的赵薇作品被下架，因事发突然，网上关于她被封杀的原因的猜测满天飞。（互联网）

紧接着，国家网信办微信公众号今天还发布了一则《关于进一步加强“饭圈”乱象治理的通知》，宣布10项措施，进一步加大治理力度，重拳出击解决中国“饭圈”乱象问题，其中包括取消明星艺人榜单等。

网信办的通知并强调：“各地要进一步提高政治站位，切实增强责任感、使命感、紧迫感，从维护网上政治安全和意识形态安全、营造清朗网络空间的高度认识和推进‘饭圈’乱象治理工作。”

整肃的消息一个接一个，还扯上政治安全和意识形态安全，有评论因此形容，中国娱乐圈已掀起清洗风暴。

娱乐圈风暴的背后是什么？

检视这场娱乐圈风暴，清洗的对象其实有两组。

首先，当然是业者，主要是艺人，也包括艺人背后的资本。

娱乐是门大生意，“偶像养成”培养的不仅仅是闪闪发亮的明星，还有野蛮生长的资本。澎湃新闻就预计，到2022年，中国的“偶像经济”价值可能达到1400亿元。

大家应该还记得，郑爽今年4月被前男友张恒爆料日均收入208万元、年收入可达6.4亿元后，网民发明了一个全新的度量衡单位——“爽”，“一爽”等于6.4亿元，以此计算，像阿里巴巴、腾讯、百度这样的互联网巨头，年收入也不过“百爽”。

郑爽今年4月被前男友张恒爆料日均收入208万元、年收入可达6.4亿元后，网民发明了全新的度量衡单位——“爽”。（互联网）

中国去年宣布已成功消除了绝对贫困，实现了数十年来全面建成小康社会的目标，现阶段的发展目标则转向社会正义，通过缩小收入差距和减少不平等现象来推进“共同富裕”，因此要防止资本无序扩张，要为美团等在线巨头的外卖司机等零工争取更好的待遇等等。中国国家主席习近平8月17日主持召开中央财经委员会会议时就强调，要加强对高收入的规范和调节，合理调节过高收入。

官方其实早在2017年就对娱乐业发出“限薪令”，但上有政策，下有对策，明星的天价片酬无法直接支付，结果就诞生了“阴阳合同”，当局因此也在持续加大力度追查、打击艺人偷漏税的行为，中国国家税务总局昨天对郑爽的通报就是实例。

整治娱乐圈的最终着眼点是社会风气

其次，被官方清洗的，还有饭圈。

追星一族大多是未成年人，容易受到偶像行为影响。因此，《北京青年报》评论说，官方整治娱乐圈的最终着眼点是整个中国的社会风气，是要以此为突破口来解决在精神文明领域“提倡什么”“反对什么”“树立什么”的问题。

在中国，艺术家所能得到的最高官方荣誉，应该就是“人民艺术家”的称号。据说，从1949年以来，只有六位中国艺术家正式获得这个尊称。从他们身上，大概可以看出中国官方推崇的艺术家是怎么样的：除了有优秀的作品，道德情操也要为世人所尊重。

2004年去世后才由中国国务院追授为人民艺术家的豫剧大师常香玉，在1950年代初曾组织全国义演捐献战斗机，一生因此获得高度赞誉。

官方所希望看到的艺人，与其代表的社会风气、价值观大概也是“人民艺术家式”的：正派，朴实，如果赚很多钱的话不炫富，最好捐多多做慈善，但最最最重要的素质，应该就是爱国。

随着资本进入娱乐圈，中国的饭圈文化也频频出现乱象。例如，在打榜模式和流量经济背后，是资本和粉丝间相互裹挟，平台和制作方设置出完整且复杂的各式榜单，引导并鼓励粉丝花钱，并在过程中直接获利；粉丝则会期待，做出榜单成绩后，自己的偶像可以获得更好的演艺和商业资源。

今年4月28日，网络综艺节目《青春有你》第三季中，粉丝购买赞助商奶制品给偶像投票，剩余牛奶直接倒掉做“快捷”处理，就激起公愤。

《青春有你》第三季（右）因粉丝倒牛奶应援偶像（左）激起公愤。（互联网）

这已经不是中国官方第一次对“饭圈”进行整治。去年7月，中国国家网信办就曾发布《关于开展2020“清朗”未成年人暑期网络环境专项整治的通知》，明确提出严格管控诱导未成年人无底线追星、拜金炫富等存在价值导向问题的不良信息和行为。今年6月15日，网信办也正式宣布启动为期两个月的“清朗·‘饭圈’乱象整治”专项行动。据《人民日报》报道，6月至8月初，网络平台已累计清理负面有害信息15万余条，处置违规账号4000余个，关闭问题群组1300余个。

爱奇艺8月25日宣布取消未来几年的偶像选秀节目，网信办微信公众号8月27日发布的《关于进一步加强“饭圈”乱象治理的通知》，明确不得设置诱导粉丝打榜的相关功能，还严禁引导、鼓励网民采取购物、充会员等物质化手段为选手投票，这将有助降低追星热度。

因此，通过排查清理劣迹艺人节目及内容、加强“饭圈”乱象治理，官方其实也在鼓励年轻的追星族，听党的话、跟党走，努力工作、健康生活，戒除网瘾吸毒等不良习惯。

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Every step towards your dream today is a step away from your regret tomorrow. 今日为梦想所付出的每一份努力都会减少明日的一份后悔。72. It's never too late to be what you might have been. 勇敢做自己，永远都不迟。（乔治·艾略特） 73. It's time to start living the life you've imagined. 是时候开始过自己想要的生活了！95. How can men succumb to force? 男人怎么能屈服于“武力”之下？《海贼王》 96. Life is like live TV show. There is no rehearsal. 人生没有彩排，只有现场直播。97. Dress shabbily and they remember the dress; dress impeccably and they remember the woman. 穿着破旧，人们记住衣服；穿着无瑕，人们则记住衣服里的女人。(Coco Chanel) 98. Hope is a good thing, maybe the best of things. And no good thing ever dies. 希望是一件好事，也许是人间至善，而美好的事永不消逝。《肖申克的救赎》 99. There are so many beautiful reasons to be happy. 有太多太多美好的理由让你笑对生活。100. Where the more different you are, the better. 你们之间越是不同，越好。(Glee) 101. I'm only brave when I have to be. Being brave doesn't mean you go looking for trouble. 我只在必要时才勇敢，勇敢并不代表你要到处闯祸。《狮子王》 102. Behind every successful man there's a lot of unsuccessful years. 每个牛B的成功者都经历过苦B的岁月。(鲍博.布朗) 103. 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The difference between successful persons and others is that they really act. 成功者和其他人最大的区别就是，他们真正动手去做了。155. Don't follow the crowd, let the crowd follow you. 不要随波逐流，要引领潮流。(Margaret Thatcher) 156. People pay in advance for a coffee meant for someone who cannot afford a warm beverage. 人们提前买咖啡，让付不起的人享受温暖。157. No one is born a genius.Just keep on doing what you like and that itself is a talent. 哪有什么天才！坚持做你喜欢的事情，这本身就是一种天赋。(大野智) 158. The world is a book, and those who do not travel read only one page. 世界是一本书，不旅行的人只读了其中一页。159. You can create something more glorious than the championship. 你可以创造比冠军更荣耀的事。160. You never get a second chance to make a first impression. 永远没有第二次机会，给人留下第一印象。161. You can always be a worse version of "him", or better version of yourself. 你不是要做一个单纯优秀的人，而是要做一个不可替代的人。162. Give every day the chance to become the most beautiful day of your life. 让每一天都有机会成为你人生中最美好的一天。163. Honesty is the best policy. 做人以诚信为本。164. To a crazy ship all winds are contrary. 对于一只漫无目标的船而言，任何方向的风都是逆风。165. The outer world you see is a reflection of your inner self. 你看到什么样的世界，你就拥有什么样的内心。166. Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。167. Knowing what you cannot do is far more important than knowing what you are capable of. 知道自己不能做什么远比知道自己能做什么重要。168. People cry, not because they're weak. It's because they've been strong for too long. 哭泣，不代表脆弱，只因坚强了太久。169. Don't let yesterday use up too much of today. 别留念昨天了，把握好今天吧。(Will Rogers) 170. If you are not brave enough, no one will back you up. 你不勇敢，没人替你坚强。171. If you don't build your dream, someone will hire you to build theirs. 如果你没有梦想，那么你只能为别人的梦想打工。172. Beauty is all around, if you just open your heart to see. 只要你给自己机会，你会发现你的世界可以很美丽。173. The difference in winning and losing is most often...not quitting. 赢与输的差别通常是--不放弃。(华特·迪士尼) 174. I am ordinary yet unique. 我很平凡，但我独一无二。175. I like people who make me laugh in spite of myself. 我喜欢那些让我笑起来的人，就算是我不想笑的时候。176. Image a new story for your life and start living it. 为你的生命想一个全新剧本，并去倾情出演吧！177. I'd rather be a happy fool than a sad sage. 做个悲伤的智者，不如做个开心的傻子。178. The future belongs to those who believe in the beauty of their dreams. 未来属于那些相信梦想之美的人。(埃莉诺·罗斯福) 179. Even if you get no applause, you should accept a curtain call gracefully and appreciate your own efforts. 即使没有人为你鼓掌，也要优雅的谢幕，感谢自己的认真付出。180. Don't let dream just be your dream. 别让梦想只停留在梦里。181. A day without laughter is a day wasted. 没有笑声的一天是浪费了的一天。(卓别林) 182. Travel and see the world; afterwards, you will be able to put your concerns in perspective. 去旅行吧，见的世面多了，你会发现原来在意的那些结根本算不了什么。183. The key to acquiring proficiency in any task is repetition. 任何事情成功关键都是熟能生巧。《生活大爆炸》 184. You can be happy no matter what. 开心一点吧，管它会怎样。185. A good plan today is better than a perfect plan tomorrow. 今天的好计划胜过明天的完美计划。186. Nothing is impossible, the word itself says 'I'm possible'! 一切皆有可能！“不可能”的意思是：“不，可能。”(奥黛丽·赫本) 187. Life isn't fair, but no matter your circumstances, you have to give it your all. 生活是不公平的，不管你的境遇如何，你只能全力以赴。188. No matter how hard it is, just keep going because you only fail when you give up. 无论多么艰难，都要继续前进，因为只有你放弃的那一刻，你才输了。189. It requires hard work to give off an appearance of effortlessness. 你必须十分努力，才能看起来毫不费力。190. Life is like riding a bicycle.To keep your balance,you must keep moving. 人生就像骑单车，只有不断前进，才能保持平衡。(爱因斯坦) 191. Be thankful for what you have.You'll end up having more. 拥有一颗感恩的心，最终你会得到更多。192. Beauty is how you feel inside, and it reflects in your eyes. 美是一种内心的感觉，并反映在你的眼睛里。(索菲亚·罗兰) 193. Friendship doubles your joys, and divides your sorrows. 朋友的作用，就是让你快乐加倍，痛苦减半。194. When you long for something sincerely, the whole world will help you. 当你真心渴望某样东西时，整个宇宙都会来帮忙。     When Paul Jobs was mustered out of the Coast Guard after World War II, he made a wager with his crewmates. They had arrived in San Francisco, where their ship was decommissioned, and Paul bet that he would find himself a wife within two weeks. He was a taut, tattooed engine mechanic, six feet tall, with a passing resemblance to James Dean. But it wasn’t his looks that got him a date with Clara Hagopian, a sweet-humored daughter of Armenian immigrants. It was the fact that he and his friends had a car, unlike the group she had originally planned to go out with that evening. Ten days later, in March 1946, Paul got engaged to Clara and won his wager. It would turn out to be a happy marriage, one that lasted until death parted them more than forty years later. Paul Reinhold Jobs had been raised on a dairy farm in Germantown, Wisconsin. Even though his father was an alcoholic and sometimes abusive, Paul ended up with a gentle and calm disposition under his leathery exterior. After dropping out of high school, he wandered through the Midwest picking up work as a mechanic until, at age nineteen, he joined the Coast Guard, even though he didn’t know how to swim. He was deployed on the USS General M. C. Meigs and spent much of the war ferrying troops to Italy for General Patton. His talent as a machinist and fireman earned him commendations, but he occasionally found himself in minor trouble and never rose above the rank of seaman. Clara was born in New Jersey, where her parents had landed after fleeing the Turks in Armenia, and they moved to the Mission District of San Francisco when she was a child. She had a secret that she rarely mentioned to anyone: She had been married before, but her husband had been killed in the war. So when she met Paul Jobs on that first date, she was primed to start a new life. Like many who lived through the war, they had experienced enough excitement that, when it was over, they desired simply to settle down, raise a family, and lead a less eventful life. They had little money, so they moved to Wisconsin and lived with Paul’s parents for a few years, then headed for Indiana, where he got a job as a machinist for International Harvester. His passion was tinkering with old cars, and he made money in his spare time buying, restoring, and selling them. Eventually he quit his day job to become a full-time used car salesman. Clara, however, loved San Francisco, and in 1952 she convinced her husband to move back there. They got an apartment in the Sunset District facing the Pacific, just south of Golden Gate Park, and he took a job working for a finance company as a “repo man,” picking the locks of cars whose owners hadn’t paid their loans and repossessing them. He also bought, repaired, and sold some of the cars, making a decent enough living in the process. There was, however, something missing in their lives. They wanted children, but Clara had suffered an ectopic pregnancy, in which the fertilized egg was implanted in a fallopian tube rather than the uterus, and she had been unable to have any. So by 1955, after nine years of marriage, they were looking to adopt a child. Like Paul Jobs, Joanne Schieble was from a rural Wisconsin family of German heritage. Her father, Arthur Schieble, had immigrated to the outskirts of Green Bay, where he and his wife owned a mink farm and dabbled successfully in various other businesses, including real estate and photoengraving. He was very strict, especially regarding his daughter’s relationships, and he had strongly disapproved of her first love, an artist who was not a Catholic. Thus it was no surprise that he threatened to cut Joanne off completely when, as a graduate student at the University of Wisconsin, she fell in love with Abdulfattah “John” Jandali, a Muslim teaching assistant from Syria. Jandali was the youngest of nine children in a prominent Syrian family. His father owned oil refineries and multiple other businesses, with large holdings in Damascus and Homs, and at one point pretty much controlled the price of wheat in the region. His mother, he later said, was a “traditional Muslim woman” who was a “conservative, obedient housewife.” Like the Schieble family, the Jandalis put a premium on education. Abdulfattah was sent to a Jesuit boarding school, even though he was Muslim, and he got an undergraduate degree at the American University in Beirut before entering the University of Wisconsin to pursue a doctoral degree in political science. In the summer of 1954, Joanne went with Abdulfattah to Syria. They spent two months in Homs, where she learned from his family to cook Syrian dishes. When they returned to Wisconsin she discovered that she was pregnant. They were both twenty-three, but they decided not to get married. Her father was dying at the time, and he had threatened to disown her if she wed Abdulfattah. Nor was abortion an easy option in a small Catholic community. So in early 1955, Joanne traveled to San Francisco, where she was taken into the care of a kindly doctor who sheltered unwed mothers, delivered their babies, and quietly arranged closed adoptions. Joanne had one requirement: Her child must be adopted by college graduates. So the doctor arranged for the baby to be placed with a lawyer and his wife. But when a boy was born—on February 24, 1955—the designated couple decided that they wanted a girl and backed out. Thus it was that the boy became the son not of a lawyer but of a high school dropout with a passion for mechanics and his salt-of-the-earth wife who was working as a bookkeeper. Paul and Clara named their new baby Steven Paul Jobs. When Joanne found out that her baby had been placed with a couple who had not even graduated from high school, she refused to sign the adoption papers. The standoff lasted weeks, even after the baby had settled into the Jobs household. Eventually Joanne relented, with the stipulation that the couple promise—indeed sign a pledge—to fund a savings account to pay for the boy’s college education. There was another reason that Joanne was balky about signing the adoption papers. Her father was about to die, and she planned to marry Jandali soon after. She held out hope, she would later来源：小兵说天下

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