GAQC | 二氧化碳与甲烷对极地和城市大气的影响

GAQC简介

Global Air Quality Conversation (GAQC)是在教育部“高等学校学科创新引智计划”的资助下，由北京大学环境科学与工程学院主办的国际系列研讨会，主要包括四个主题：大气污染形成化学机制、大气监测与模拟、空气质量与气候变化以及大气污染的健康效应，针对每一主题邀请国际有影响力的专家做主题报告并就最新研究成果进行小规模讨论。项目旨在交流国际前沿研究成果、增强国际学术合作并为学生开拓国际视野和开发科研新思路。

会议信息

时间

11月11日（周五）晚  20:00-21:30

平台

Zoom在线会议平台

会议

安排

20:00 - 21:00   主题汇报 + 提问

21:00 - 21:15   BBP Q&A

21:15 - 21:30   指定论文学术讨论

嘉宾介绍

Róisín is an Assistant Professor in the Dept. Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory at Columbia University, where her group examines multidisciplinary questions drawing together observations and modeling of atmospheric chemistry and transport with terrestrial ecology. Her recent research has focused on the remote atmosphere (as part of NASA ATom), Arctic ecosystems (through NASA ABoVE), and New York's emissions of carbon and other pollutants. She obtained her PhD from University of Leeds, UK in atmospheric chemistry and was a postdoc and Research Associate at Harvard University 2009-2018.

讲座内容

    1）主题讲座（20:00-21:00）： 

Carbon dioxide and methane in Arctic and urban atmospheres

Carbon dioxide (CO₂) and methane are increasing rapidly in the atmosphere and both have a strong inter-hemispheric gradient driven by non-uniform surface-atmosphere fluxes. The Arctic is warming at twice the global average and the carbon-rich permafrost soils of northern high-latitude ecosystems have the capacity to release large amounts of carbon to the atmosphere. Historically, the focus has been on carbon uptake in summer, when ample light and good weather make airborne and remote sensing measurements possible. However, our recent work has shown that CO₂ and CH₄ emissions in early winter are increasing, in line with increasing winter-time temperatures, so care must be taken to consider all seasons when calculating annual carbon budgets. 

Arctic ecosystems are responding to the warming driven by anthropogenic carbon emissions. If we want to reduce Arctic warming, we have to reduce carbon emissions in lower latitudes, especially in cities. Many city governments in the US have committed to reducing their emissions of GHGs based on inventories calculated for the city. However, few cities measure their carbon emissions to know if the enacted policies are having the desired effect. Fortuitously, we began measuring CO₂, CH₄ and CO at an observatory in Manhattan in January 2020. I will present a preliminary analysis of the changes we have seen in the atmospheric composition of New York City and discuss the possible causes of these changes. 

      2）面对面访谈（21:00-21:15）：

    由我院BBP卓越环境国际班的本科生代表与Porf. Commane进行交流。相关回答和感悟，定期将发表在BBP·交流栏目中。欢迎关注BBP卓越环境国际班公众号了解更多信息~    

 3）小组讨论（21:15-21:30）：

Climate mitigation policies for cities

must consider air quality impacts

Air pollutants are coemitted with carbon dioxide (CO₂) during the combustion of carbon-based fuels used to generate energy. By reducing air pollution in cities, we can improve the quality of life for millions of people, reduce the number of premature deaths, andmitigate the climate impacts of CO₂ emissions. Here, we discuss the links between CO₂ and coemitted air pollutants released from fossil and biofuels in mobile and stationary combustion and the impact of these emissions on air quality in cities. We highlight important examples of how policies to reduce CO₂ emissions can either degrade or improve urban air quality, depending on how they are implemented. Key recommendations are to (1) prioritize the removal of carbon-fuel based combustion, especially coal and wood burning; (2) electrify transportation, especially for colder climates and heavy-duty vehicles; (3) remove sulfur from all fuels; and (4) leverage existing air quality monitoring networks to increase density of CO₂ concentration measurements in cities worldwide.

文章链接：https://www.climate.gov/news-features/feed/climate-mitigation-policies-cities-must-consider-air-quality-impacts

文章二维码：

报名方式

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https://us06web.zoom.us/j/88006437794?pwd=OHpMUjI3R1BHR0xOcW9CMEpueitEUT09

未来讲座

11.25：GAQC | Lisa Whalley

12.09：GAQC | Ronald C. Cohen

往期回顾

03.11：GAQC | Neil M. Donahue

What makes particles grow in Beijing?

03.25：GAQC | Frank Keutsch

Role of Organic Hydroperoxides and Formaldehyde Catalysis in Particulate Matter Formation 

04.09：GAQC | Joost de Gouw

Emissions from Wildfires, Oil and Gas Production and the Effects of COVID-19 

04.22：GAQC | Frank Kelly

Toxicity of Airborne Particles: Established Evidence and Knowledge Gaps 

05.13：GAQC | Hendrik Fuchs 

Photochemically produced air pollution in China: Insights from field campaigns  

05.27：GAQC | Oliver Wild

Using air quality models to inform short-term emission controls  

09.23：GAQC | Eloise Marais

Deleterious effects of space sector air pollutant emissions on climate and stratospheric ozone 

10.14：GAQC | Audrey Gaskins

Air Pollution, Climate Change, and Human Reproduction 

10.28：GAQC | Junfeng Zhang

Ozone versus Ozone Reaction Products:

Which Is More Responsible for Cardiorespiratory Effects? 

组织者 | 刘妍慧，Theodore Koenig

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