关于在杭州开的G20峰会，你应该知道一些！
不过，G20与G8或排除俄罗斯的G7有所不同。前者是西方七个发达经济体（外加俄罗斯）组成的，试图以他们为主导，影响并控制全球经济和政治发展，而G20则更多地是一个国际经济合作论坛，是在全球金融危机爆发之后，有感于G8之外的新兴经济体在全球的影响力日益扩大，形成了一股不可或缺的力量，于1999年9月25日由八国集团（G8）的财长在德国柏林成立，于华盛顿举办了第一届G20峰会。
G20属于非正式对话的一种机制，由原八国集团以及其余12个重要经济体组成。G20的成立为国际社会齐心协力应对经济危机，推动全球治理机制改革带来了新动力和新契机全球治理开始从“西方治理”向“西方和非西方共同治理”转变。
G20国家在全球的分布图（绿色部分）。图片来源：百度百科
在G20杭州峰会召开之前，我们先来回顾一下历年峰会取得的主要成果：
2008 Washington /2008年华盛顿峰会
The first G20 Leaders’ Summit was held from 14-15 November 2008 in Washington D.C., United States of America.
2008年11月14至15日，二十国集团领导人峰会首次在美国华盛顿举行。
The summit focused/峰会主要关注
primarily on strengthening financial regulation, with agreement on a 47-point action plan to improve financial regulation over the medium term.
加强金融监管，通过了47条加强金融监管中期行动计划。
2009 London/2009年伦敦峰会
G20 leaders met on 2 April 2009 in London, United Kingdom.
2009年4月2日，二十国集团领导人第二次峰会在英国伦敦举行。
The summit focused/峰会主要关注
on coordinated fiscal and monetary stimulus measures with the amount of 1.1 trillion US dollars to avert the threat of global depression, agreed on additional resources for the IMF and multilateral development banks to assist countries to weather the financial crisis and to establish the Financial Stability Board.
峰会出台总额1.1万亿美元的协调财政及货币激励措施以应对全球危机的威胁，同意国际货币基金组织和多边开发银行用额外资源协助各国应对金融危机，同时建立金融稳定委员会。
2009 Pittsburgh/2009年匹兹堡峰会
The G20 Leaders’ Summit was held from 24-25 September 2009 in Pittsburgh, United States of America.
2009年9月24至25日，二十国集团领导人第三次峰会在美国匹兹堡举行。
Leaders designated/与会的领导人确立
the G20 to be the premier forum for international economic cooperation, agreed to act together to support the global recovery through a
Framework for Strong, Sustainable and Balanced Growth with a Mutual Assessment Process, and to reform global financial institutions, such as the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank.
峰会确立二十国集团作为国际经济合作主要论坛的地位，确定世界银行和国际货币基金组织两大金融机构量化改革目标，启动“强劲、可持续、平衡增长框架”以及相互评估进程，并就二十国集团领导人峰会机制化等达成重要共识。
2010 Toronto/2010年多伦多峰会
The G20 Leaders’ Summit was held from 26-27th June 2010 in Toronto, Canada.
2010年6月26至27日，二十国集团领导人第四次峰会在加拿大多伦多举行。
The summit focused/峰会关注
on the need for fiscal consolidation, with agreement that advanced G20
deficit economies would at least halve fiscal deficits by 2013 and
stabilise or reduce sovereign debt ratios by 2016, complemented by
ongoing structural reform across all G20 members to rebalance and
strengthen global growth.
峰会关注金融稳定的必要性，同意到2013年二十国集团发达国家赤字至少要减半，到2016年主权债务率达到稳定或减少，继续在二十国集团成员国进行结构改革，使全球增长达到再平衡并进一步得到加强。
Leaders also agreed/与会领导人还一致同意
to conclude work in the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision on a new global regime for bank capital and liquidity by the Seoul G20 Summit and reiterated support for a successful conclusion to the Doha Round, welcomed the fulfillment of their commitment to provide a US$350 billion increase in capital to multilateral development banks and associated institutional reforms.
在首尔峰会前完成巴塞尔银行监管委员会对银行资本和流动性的全球管理新体系，重申了对多哈回合成功谈判的支持，同时对各国履行承诺为多边发展银行及其相关的机构改革增加3500亿美元资金支持表示欢迎。
2010 Seoul/2010年首尔峰会
The G20 Leaders’ Summit was held from 10-11 November 2010 in Seoul，Republic of Korea.
2010年11月10至11日，二十国集团领导人第五次峰会在韩国首尔举行。
G20 leaders agreed/二十国集团领导人同意to develop guidelines for addressing large current account imbalances
under the Framework for Strong, Sustainable and Balanced Growth,
delivered on International Monetary Fund (IMF) quota and governance
reform and initiated the G20 development agenda and launched the Seoul Development Consensus for Shared Growth.
制定在“强劲、可持续、平衡增长框架”下解决大额经常账户失衡问题，讨论了国际货币基金组织量化改革，启动了二十国集团发展日程并发布了《首尔发展共识》。
2011 Cannes/2011年戛纳峰会
The G20 Leaders’ Summit was held from 3-4 November 2011 in Cannes, France.
2011年11月3至4日，二十国集团领导人第六次峰会在法国戛纳举行。
Key outcomes of the summit are including/此次峰会的主要成果包括：
the development of a country-specific Cannes Action Plan for Growth and Jobs, agreement to strengthen the World Trade Organization by considering additional and parallel international trade negotiations beyond the Doha Round mandate and the adoption of an action plan to support the development and deepening of local bond markets.
通过《促进增长和就业戛纳行动计划》，同意考虑在多哈回合谈判以外加入额外的、平行的国际贸易谈判，通过了支持当地债券市场发展和深化的行动计划。
2012 Los Cabos/2012年洛斯卡沃斯峰会
The G20 Leaders’ Summit was held from 18-19 June 2012 in Los Cabos, Mexico.
2012年6月18至19日，二十国集团领导人第七次峰会在墨西哥洛斯卡沃斯举行。
Key outcomes of the/此次峰会的主要成果包括：summit are including the establishment of country-specific measures each G20 member would take to strengthen demand, growth, confidence and financial stability under the Los Cabos Growth and Jobs Action Plan, reaffirmation of G20 member pledges to increase International Monetary Fund (IMF) resources by US$456 billion and to implement the 2010 IMF quota and governance reforms and progress on the G20 development agenda, particularly on food security, financial inclusion, sustainable development and inclusive green growth.
同意制定一份协调的洛斯卡沃斯增长和就业计划以实现加强需求、恢复信心以支持增长、促进金融稳定等目标，重申了二十国集团成员国增加国际货币基金组织可用资源4560亿美元的承诺，实施2010年国际货币基金组织量化管理改革并推进二十国集团发展日程，尤其是关于食品安全，金融服务普及性，可持续发展以及包容性绿色增长的议题。
2013 St Petersburg/2013年圣彼得堡峰会
The G20 Leaders’ Summit was held from 5-6 September 2013 in St Petersburg, Russia.
2013年9月5至6日，二十国集团领导人第八次峰会在俄罗斯圣彼得堡举行。
Key outcomes of the summit are including/此次峰会主要成果包括：
the St Petersburg Action Plan, which sets out reforms for achieving strong, sustainable and balanced growth, coupled with an Accountability Assessment describing progress made on past commitments, extending the G20’s and a reaffirmed commitment to implementation of agreed financial regulatory reforms and International Monetary Fund reform.
《圣彼得堡行动计划》，阐述了取得强劲、可持续、平衡增长的改革计划，以及评价历年承诺取得成效的绩效评价机制，重申了开展金融监管改革和国际货币基金组织改革的承诺。
2014 Brisbane/2014布里斯班峰会
The G20 Leaders’ Summit was held on 15-16 November 2014 in Brisbane, Australia.
2014年11月15至16日，二十国集团领导人第九次峰会在澳大利亚布里斯班举行。
The centrepiece was/峰会的核心成果是
the delivery of country-specific growth strategies and a Brisbane Action Plan for growth. G20 leaders set an goal to lift the G20's GDP by at least additional two percent by 2018.
峰会的核心成果是通过了针对具体国家的发展战略以及《布里斯班行动计划》。二十国领导人设定的目标是到2018年前使G20整体GDP额外增长2%以上。
Other outcomes from the Brisbane Leaders’ Summit include:
其他成果包括：
Endorsement of landmark G20 Principles on Energy Collaboration. Leaders also agreed a G20 Energy Efficiency Action Plan to deepen their collaboration on energy efficiency.
核准了《G20能源合作原则》，各国领导人通过了《G20能效行动计划》，深入各国在能效领域的合作。
Leaders noted their
deep concern about the humanitarian and economic impacts of Ebola and issued a standalone statement of the G20’s commitment to fight the current outbreak and support the international response.
领导人们对埃博拉疫情爆发带来的人道主义和经济影响深表关切，发表声明支持国际社会采取紧急协调的应对措施，并已承诺将尽全力控制和应对危机。
对于即将召开的杭州G20峰会的意义，国家主席习近平曾在多个场合提到，从中国的角度阐释了G20峰会，并为G20和世界经济的发展以及全球经济治理提供建议。
开辟新的增长点
2015/11/15中方在主办亚太经合组织领导人非正式会议期间，将互联互通作为核心议题之一，目的就是开辟新的增长点。
When hosting the APEC Economic Leaders’ Meeting, China had made connectivity one of the key issues on the agenda in order to create new drivers of economic growth.
我们支持二十国集团成立全球基础设施中心，支持世界银行成立全球基础设施基金，并将通过建设丝绸之路经济带、21世纪海上丝绸之路、亚洲基础设施投资银行、丝路基金等途径，为全球基础设施投资作出贡献。
We support the G20 in establishing a Global Infrastructure Hub and the World Bank in setting up a Global Infrastructure Facility, and we will also contribute our share to global infrastructure investment through such means as the building of the Silk Road Economic Belt, the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road, the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank and the Silk Road Fund.
中国经济增长是世界经济增长的重要动力。根据国际组织测算，中国是二十国集团全面增长战略的最大贡献者之一。这样的贡献，源自中国自身稳增长、调结构、促改革、惠民生的政策措施。
China’s economic growth is an important engine of the world economy. According to the estimate of the relevant international organization, China is one of the largest contributors to the G20’s Comprehensive Growth Strategy, which is the result of the policy measures China has taken for the purpose of fostering steady growth, adjusting economic structure, advancing reform and improving people’s livelihood.
中国向二十国集团提交的增长战略包括了134项这样的政策措施，充分展示了中国以改革促增长的决心、理念和行动。
The growth strategy China has submitted to the G20 includes 134 such policy measures, fully demonstrating our resolve, thinking and action to promote growth through reform.
中国经济将继续保持强劲、可持续、平衡增长势头，每年增量相当于贡献了一个中等发达国家的经济规模。未来5年，我们将进口超过10万亿美元商品，对外投资超过5000亿美元。
The Chinese economy will keep the momentum of strong, sustainable and balanced growth. Its annual growth is equivalent to the economic aggregate of a medium-sized developed country. Over the next five years, China will import US$10 trillion of goods and invest over US$500 billion overseas.
这些将为世界经济提供更多需求，创造更多市场机遇、投资机遇、增长机遇。作为2016年二十国集团领导人峰会主办国，中国愿意为推动世界经济增长作出更大贡献、发挥更大作用。
This will lead to more demand in world economy and create more market, investment and growth opportunities. As the host of the G20 summit in 2016, China is ready to make even greater contribution to and play a bigger role in driving world economic growth.
——习近平在二十国集团领导人第九次峰会第一阶段会议上的发言
切实维护、建设和发展二十国集团
Earnestly maintain, build and develop G20
2014/11/01作为2016年二十国集团峰会的主办国，以及2015年和2017年管理二十国集团峰会的“三驾马车”成员之一，中国有信心履行其职责，并将与所有其他各方共同努力，切实维护、建设和发展二十国集团的机制。
China is confident to fulfill its role as the chair of the 2016 G20 summit and a member of the three-member management troika for 2015 and 2017, and will work with all other parties to earnestly maintain, build and develop the mechanism of the G20.
——习近平在布里斯班二十国集团峰会第二次会议上的讲话
抓住世界经济的四个重点领域
Seize four key areas of world economy
2015/11/16基于当前形势和各方期待，中方把2016年峰会的主题确定为“构建创新、活力、联动、包容的世界经济”，希望从四个重点领域推进峰会筹备工作。
Based on the current situation and the expectations of all concerned, China has chosen the theme “building an Innovat 49 33003 49 16185 0 0 7695 0 0:00:04 0:00:02 0:00:02 7703ive, Invigorated, Interconnected and Inclusive World Economy” for the 2016 Summit. We hope to continue work for the Summit in four key areas:
一是创新增长方式，重在推进改革创新，开辟和抓住新机遇，提升世界经济增长潜力。
First, we must transform growth patterns in innovative ways, with a particular focus on pursuing reform and innovation. We must create and seize new opportunities to increase potential for global economic growth.
二是完善全球经济金融治理，增强新兴市场国家和发展中国家的代表性和发言权，提高世界经济抗风险能力。
Also, we need to improve global economic and financial governance, increase representation of emerging markets and developing countries, and enhance capacity of the global economy to ward off risks.
三是促进国际贸易和投资，发挥其对增长的推动作用，构建开放型世界经济。
Third, we need to promote global trade and investment to generate growth and build an open world economy.
四是推动包容、联动式发展，力求落实2030年可持续发展议程，消除贫困，实现共同发展。
Lastly, we must promote inclusive and interconnected development, strive to implement the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, eliminate poverty, and achieve common development.
——习近平在安塔利亚G20峰会工作午宴上的讲话
合作对克服金融危机至关重要
Cooperation crucial in overcoming financial crisis
2015/11/30合作对克服金融危机至关重要
Cooperation crucial in overcoming financial crisis
二十国集团峰会机制诞生于2008年国际金融危机最紧要的关头。当时，全体成员同心协力,努力营造世界经济企稳复苏的新局面， 确立二十国集团作为国际经济合作主要论坛的地位。回顾这段历程，最珍贵的是各成员同舟共济的伙伴精神。实践昭示我们，在经济全球化深入发展的形势下，合作是各国应对挑战、实现发展的必然选择。
The G20 was set up at the height of the international financial crisis in 2008, demonstrating the determination of members to put the global economy back on its feet. The G20 thus became the premier forum for international economic cooperation. Looking back, I believe that the most valuable thing this process has created is the close partnership we have forged that has enabled us to jointly tide over a difficult time. It proves that in a world of deepening economic globalization, cooperation is the sure way for countries to meet challenges and achieve common development.
谋大势、做实事
Act with a broad vision, deliver concrete outcomes
作为发达国家和新兴市场国家及发展中国家开展合作的重要论坛，二十国集团在引领和推动国际经济合作方面具有举足轻重的影响，理应谋大势、做实事，推动解决世界经济的突出问题，为实现强劲、可持续、平衡增长目标而努力。
As an important forum for cooperation among developed countries, emerging markets and developing countries, the G20 plays a key role in leading and advancing international economic cooperation. It should act with a broad vision and deliver concrete outcomes. It should address critical issues affecting the global economy and endeavor to promote strong, sustainable and balanced growth.
确保经济增长惠及各国人民
Ensure economic growth benefits people of all countries
我们要树立人类命运共同体意识，推进各国经济全方位互联互通和良性互动，完善全球经济金融治理，减少全球发展不平等、不平衡现象，使各国人民公平享有世界经济增长带来的利益。
We should embrace the vision of a global community of a shared future, enhanced economic connectivity and exchanges among countries and improved global economic and financial governance so as to address inequality and imbalance in global development and ensure that the benefits of economic growth will be equitably shared by people of all countries.
集众智、聚合力
Pool wisdom, form synergy
在2016年峰会筹办过程中，中方将同各方一道，发扬同舟共济、合作共赢的伙伴精神，集众智、聚合力，落实安塔利亚峰会及历届峰会成果，共同开创国际经济合作新局面。
In the course of making preparations for the 2016 G20 Summit, China will work with all involved in the spirit of win-win cooperation. We should pool our wisdom, form a synergy, implement the outcomes of the Antalya Summit and all previous summits, and jointly advance international economic cooperation.
——习近平就2016年G20杭州峰会发表致辞
开放、透明和包容的姿态
Open, transparent and inclusive approach
2015/11/16二十国集团是每个成员的二十国集团。在杭州峰会筹备过程中，中方将始终保持开放、透明、包容姿态，同各成员加强沟通和协调，共同把二十国集团维护好、建设好、发展好。
The G20 belongs to each and every one of its members. In preparing for the Hangzhou Summit, China will consistently follow an open, transparent and inclusive approach, and strengthen communication and coordination with all other members to jointly uphold, strengthen and develop the G20.
——安塔利亚G20峰会工作午宴上的讲话
向世界传递信心，为全球经济增长注入动力
Confidence across the world, impetus in global economic growth
2016/07/25向世界传递信心，为全球经济增长注入动力
Confidence across the world, impetus in global economic growth
二十国集团是全球经济治理的主要平台。当前形势下，中美两国作为世界前两大经济体，应该密切合作，共同推动二十国集团领导人杭州峰会取得积极成果，向世界传递信心，为全球经济增长注入动力。
G20 is a major platform for global economic governance. Under the current circumstances, as the world's two largest economies, China and the US should closely cooperate, jointly push the G20 Hangzhou Summit for positive results, spread confidence across the world and inject impetus into global economic growth.
——在北京会见美国总体国家安全事务助理苏珊•赖斯
注：本文综合中国日报网英语点津的相关报道内容