2017年英语各省份中考阅读理解题来啦！（附解析和点评）
今年的中考题无论是阅读理解还是作文题都是高频热点话题，共享单车、一带一路、朗读者，小编前面发的中考作文预测，基本都中了，看过并练习的孩子应该考的不错！没中考的同学们也来看看今年各地区阅读理解题！
考点分析
1
（2017山东枣庄10分）
心存感恩
People once went hungry. A rich man who made bread and cakes sent for twenty of the 16 children in the town, and told them to take a loaf (条) of bread from a 17 every day till the hard days passed.
The hungry children came together 18 , and argued for the bread, because each wished to have the largest one. Finally they went away without even thanking the good gentleman.
But Gretchen, a poorly-dressed little girl, did not argue or 19 with the rest, but remained standing quietly far away from them. 20 the bad-mannered girls left, she took the smallest bread, which alone was left in the basket, kissed the gentleman’s hand, and went home.
The next day the children were as bad-mannered as before, and poor, shy Gretchen 21 a loaf hardly the size of the one she got the first day. When she came home, her mother cut the loaf open. Many new shining pieces of 22 fell out of it.
Her mother was very surprised and worried, and said, “Take the money back to the good gentleman at once, for it must have got into the dough (生面团) 23 mistake. Be quick, Gretchen! Be quick!”
But when the little girl gave the rich man her mother’s 24 , he said, “No, no, my child, it was no mistake. I had the silver pieces put into the smallest loaf to give you. Always be as satisfied, quiet, and 25 as you now are. Go home now, and tell your mother that the money is your own.”
参考答案和解析
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一个富人每天向镇上的穷孩子发面包的故事。在其他孩子都争抢最大的面包时，一个名叫Gretchen的小女孩并不争抢。有一天她把面包带回家后，发现面包里装满了银币。后来知道，这是富人对她的奖励。这篇文章告诉我们不论处于什么环境，我们都要感恩，知足，并且有教养。
16. C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。kindest 最善良的smartest 最聪明的；poorest最穷的；thinnest 最瘦的。由第二段第一句“The hungry children”可知指“最穷的”。故选C。
17. B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。bowl碗；basket篮子；kitchen厨房；fridge冰箱。根据第三段最后一句中“which alone was left in the basket”可知是从篮子里面取出面包。故选B。
18. D【解析】考查副词词义辨析。luckily 幸运地；proudly 骄傲地；silently 沉默地；excitedly兴奋地。结合上下语境可知，饥饿的孩子看到有面包吃肯定很兴奋，故选D。
19. A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。fight打架；play 玩耍；talk说话；jump 跳。根据空格前的“argue”可知，小女孩不与别人争吵或打架。故选A。
20. B【解析】考查连词词义辨析。If 如果；When当……时；Because因为；Unless除非。根据语境可知，指“当这些行为恶劣的女孩们离开的时候”。故选B。
21. C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。brought带来；tasted尝起来；received收到；noticed注意到。根据上段最后一句可知，Gretchen收到的是最后一条小面包，故选C。
22. A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。silver 银；bread 面包；gold 金子；glass 玻璃。根据最后一段第二句中“silver pieces”可知选A。
23. D【解析】考查介词固定搭配。by mistake 错误地，为固定搭配。故选D。
24. B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。thanks 感谢；message信息；wallet 钱包；praise 赞扬。由句意可知，是小女孩向富人表达了她妈妈想要表达的信息，故选B。
25. A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。thankful感恩的；friendly 友好的；lively有生气的；lovely可爱的。由第三段最后一句话可知，小女孩每次拿完面包后都会亲吻绅士的手对他表示感谢。所以小女孩是心存感恩的，故选A。
2
（2017山东枣庄10分）
“丝绸之路”
The Silk Road is the name of different roads that long ago connected Europe, Africa and Asia. People reached these different places along these roads. Scientists believe people began to travel the Silk Road about 3000 years ago. By the time the Chinese silk trade became important in the world, the Silk Road covered almost 6500 kilometres. It spread from Rome to China, which is from the West to the Far East.
Traders travelling along the Silk Road carried silk, of course. They also carried and traded spices (香料), cloth, valuable stones and gold.
There is a famous old story along the old road. It is said that Roman soldiers (士兵) travelled through central Asia. They started to live somewhere near the ancient Chinese village of Liqian. Some of these Romans married local Chinese women and the story of blue-eyed villages of China was started.
During its busiest period, the Silk Road allowed people from many different cultures and countries to meet each other and mix. The Silk Road allowed the sharing of valuable goods and new ideas. These included people and trading goods from the Mediterranean, Persian, Magyar, Armenian, Bactrian, Indian and Chinese areas. All these peoples travelled the Silk Road, and they shared goods, stories, languages, and cultures.
In modern times, the old Silk Road routes (路线) are still used, but now they are crossed by trains instead of camels and horses. There is even a Silk Route Museum in Jiuquan in China. It has over 35,000 objects from all along the Silk Road. In this way, China protects the history of many countries and peoples.
31. How many kilometers did the Silk Road cover?
A. About 3000. B. Nearly 6500.
C. Almost 2000. D. Over 35,000.
32. Traders carried all kinds of goods along the Silk Road. Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage?
A. Silk. B. Cloth. C. Gold. D. Tea.
33. Who married ancient Chinese women in the story of blue-eyed villages of China?
A. Asian soldiers.
B. African soldiers.
C. European soldiers.
D. American soldiers.
34. What can we infer (推断) from the passage?
A. Valuable things could not be sold along the Silk Road.
B. The Silk Road allowed people from different countries to mix.
C. Ancient Chinese along the Silk Road may be able to speak different languages.
D. The objects in the museum in Jiuquan in China are from all along the Silk Road.
35. Which part of a magazine can this passage come from?
A. History and Geography.
B. Sports World.
C. Man and Animals.
D. Popular Science.
参考答案和解析
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了丝绸之路。
31. B【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：丝绸之路覆盖了多少千米？A项：大约3000；B项：几乎6500；C项：几乎2000；D项：超过35000。由第一段倒数第二句中“ the Silk Road covered almost 6500 kilometres.”可知选B。
32. D【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：商人们沿着丝绸之路运载了各种物品。下列哪一个文中没有提到？A项：丝绸；B项：布；C项：黄金；D项：茶叶。由第二段可知，商人不仅运载丝绸, 还有香料，布，贵重的石头和黄金。故选D。
33. C【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：在中国蓝眼睛村庄的故事中，谁娶了古代的中国女人？A项：亚洲士兵；B项：非洲士兵；C项：欧洲士兵；D项：美洲士兵。根据第三段最后一句可知罗马人娶了中国女人，由常识可知，罗马属于欧洲，故选C。
34. C【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：从文中我们可以推断出什么？A项：贵重的东西在丝绸之路上不能卖；B项：丝绸之路使得来自不同国家的人融合交流；C项：丝绸之路沿线的人可能说不同的语言；D项：中国酒泉博物馆的东西都来自于丝绸之路。根据第四段最后一句“他们分享物品、故事、语言和文化”，有语言的交流融合，由此可知人们使用不同的语言，可能为了贸易的需要，故选C。
35. A【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：这篇文章来自于杂志的哪一个部分？A项：历史和地理；B项：体育世界；C项：人与动物；D项：大众科学。通读全文可知，本篇文章讲的是丝绸之路，与历史、地理有关，故选A。
3
（2017浙江丽水8分）
非凡马拉松
On Sunday 23 April, more than 30, 000 people joined in the 2017 London Marathon, running 26.2 miles around the city center.
The London Marathon has taken place every year since 1981. At the first one, just 6,225 people completed the course, and since then it has grown into one of the most important sporting events in the world. Each winner receives ＄500，000 in prize money.
However, most marathon runners are not professional (专业的). They run to raise money for charities or just as a personal experience. Many people do fun things to make themselves stand out, like wear silly clothes or do things instead of just running.
For example, Tom Harrison took three days just to reach the halfway point, as he was crawling on his hands and knees dressed as a gorilla (猩猩), trying to raise money and attention for ‘The Gorilla Organization’.
One exciting part from this year’s race was the story of Jackie and her husband, who got married on the morning of the marathon. Then they both ran the race, with Jackie doing it in her wedding dress! They were running to raise money for cancer charities, as Jackie was diagnosed (诊断) with cancer three years ago.
Matthew Rees was another runner to inspire (激励) people, as he stopped just before the finish line to help another runner run the last 200m. They did not know each other before, but Matthew saw that David was too tired to finish the race and wanted to help him finish.
Every year there are lots of inspiring stories like this from the London Marathon, and it is a huge achievement even to run the 26.2 miles!
34. The 2017 London Marathon is the ________ race.
A. 33rd B. 35th C. 37th D. 39th
35. The meaning of the underlined word “crawling” is probably similar to ________.
A. drawing B. walking
C. singing D. swimming
36. Jackie and her husband took part in the race to ________.
A.raise money for cancer charities
B. celebrate their wedding
C. help another runner finish the race
D. catch others’ attention
37. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?
A. The Most Important Sport
B. Funny Parts in Marathon
C. More Than Running a Race
D. A Personal Experience
参考答案和解析
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了2017年4月23日的伦敦马拉松发生的一些故事。伦敦马拉松自1981年开始每年举行一次，且规模不断壮大，2017年已经有超过三万人参与。而且大多数的马拉松跑步者都是非专业的，他们有些人为了慈善组织筹集资金，有些人为了积累个人经历。下面段落介绍到一些人的例子，如汤姆·哈里森是为了“大猩猩组织”筹集资金，杰基和她的丈夫在结婚的当天参加跑步，是为了癌症慈善机构筹款等。
34. C【解析】数字计算题。题干意为：2017年伦敦马拉松是_______比赛。根据文章第二段第一句“The London Marathon has taken place every year since 1981.”可推算，2017年伦敦马拉松是第37次马拉松比赛。故选C。
35. B【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：划线单词“crawling”的意思可能与________相似。根据划线单词后面的内容“...on his hands and knees dressed as a gorilla (猩猩), ...”可知，此处应指“他打扮成大猩猩，用他的手和膝盖爬行”，与walking意思相近。故选B。
36. A【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：杰基和她的丈夫为了_________参加比赛。A项：为了癌症慈善机构筹款；B项：庆祝他们的婚礼；C项：帮助另一个跑步者完成比赛；D项：吸引其他人的注意力。根据第五段最后一句“They were running to raise money for cancer charities, as Jackie was diagnosed (诊断) with cancer three years ago.”可知选A。
37. C【解析】标题归纳题。题干意为：下列哪一个可能是文章最好的标题？A项：最重要的运动；B项：马拉松的有趣部分；C项：不仅仅是赛跑；D项：一次个人经历。结合文章内容可知，这些参加马拉松跑步的人大部分是非专业的，而且参加比赛的目的不只是为了跑步，故选C。
4
（2017四川达州8分）
参考答案和解析
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章详细介绍了《中国诗词大会》节目和其冠军武亦姝，以及学生和专家对武亦姝以及《中国诗词大会》节目的评价。
【答案】1-4 ADCB
【热点解读】《中国诗词大会》是由CCTV-10自主研发的一档大型演播室文化益智节目。节目以“赏中华诗词、寻文化基因、品生活之美”为基本宗旨，力求通过对诗词知识的比拼及赏析，带动全民重温那些曾经学过的古诗词，分享诗词之美，感受诗词之趣。武亦姝是复旦附中中学生，凭借强大的实力和淡定的气魄，一举拿下《中国诗词大会》第二季的冠军。诗词是中国传统文化的重要组成部分，我们要在关注此类节目的同时，学会从古人的智慧和情怀中汲取营养，涵养心灵。
5
（2017山东滨州10分）
参考答案和解析
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了在大学开学日，作者遇到87岁的老奶奶在同班入学，深感惊奇。在随后的一段相处时光中发现老奶奶具有年轻人特有的乐观、幽默，喜欢化妆、交友、参加运动。老人时常告诉我们，要保持年轻心态，要有梦想。她的故事告诉我们：人生要有追求，不要虚度光阴，要做一个时时怀揣梦想的人。
【答案】1-5 ACADB 6-10 ADCDB
6
（2017山东滨州7.5分）
参考答案和解析
【主旨大意】本文是一篇议论文。共享单车的风潮已经席卷中国。越来越多的人骑共享单车而不再开车。其操作简便、发展迅速，给人们的出行带来了很多便利。但与此同时，人们在使用的时候也出现了一些不文明的现象。最后作者号召我们在享受科技带来的便捷的同时，也应该好好爱惜它们。
【答案】1-5 BBADC
【热点解读】共享单车是一种自行车共享服务。2014年，北大毕业生戴威与4名合伙人共同创立OFO，致力于解决大学校园的出行问题。自此之后，各类共享单车先后出现，包括摩拜单车、酷骑单车、OFO、小鸣单车、优拜单车等。由于发展的不成熟，共享单车在给人们提供便利的同时也带来了一些问题，因此各地推出一系列举措来规范共享单车的管理。值得考生们注意的是，共享单车不仅仅是一种简单的社会现象，而是出现在了中考和高考的试题中，因此考生们应多关注与自身息息相关的社会事件。
7
（2017山东德州10分）
参考答案和解析
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。叙述了罗马尼亚的体操运动员Nadia Comaneci作为一名体操运动员的经历。在1976年加拿大奥运会中，她的表演很出众，观众都期待她的好成绩，然而记分板给出的是1.00，结果是因为出错了，最终她取得了10分的骄人成绩，打破了之前的纪录，从那时起，人们视她为英雄。
【答案】1-5 BBDAD
8
（2017安徽15分）
共享单车有利于城市的健康发展
Bike-sharing is a new choice for short journeys in cities. It is good to the 1 development of the big cities.
A 2 by a company found that shared bikes started the nation’s 3 for bikes again. Now more and more Chinese people are 4 bikes instead of cars to make short journeys in cities.
An engineer of that company says that since the 5 of shared bikes, people have made fewer trips by car. The love for shared bikes is not only among 6 people, who were born in the 1980s and 1990s, but also among people over sixty.
At weekends, the number of the riders in Shenzhen reaches the 7 of all cities. On weekdays, the number of people who use shared bikes to travel to work is 8 in Shanghai.
It is said that bike-sharing will help 9 the cities’ environment. It not only helps solve the traffic problems, but also will help to make more use of 10 in cities. Take Beijing as an example, if more people choose shared bikes, an area of five Bird’s Nest stadiums(体育场) will be saved.
1.A. slow B. healthy C. harmful D. sudden
2. A. rule B. plan C. report D. suggestion
3. A. search B. worry C. preparation D. love
4. A. choosing B. pushing C. repairing D. locking
5. A. end B. start C. control D. fall
6. A. strong B. weak C. old D. young
7. A. top B. side C. corner D. line
8. A. coming over B. putting off C. going up D. giving away
9. A. discover B. separate C. experience D. improve
10. A. air B. time C. space D. money
参考答案和解析
【主旨大意】本文介绍了一种新的出行方式—共享单车，它重新唤起了国人对自行车的热爱，有效的减少了汽车的使用，给人们和环境带来了很多好处。
【答案】1~5：BCDAB 6~10：DACDC
9
（2017邵阳10分）
一带一路
Maciek Czastka was born in Lodz, Poland. He came to China several years ago. So far, he has been working in Chengdu for three years.
“The Belt and Road Initiative(一带一路的倡议)is meaningful,” he said. “Thanks to it, we are offered more chances.” The most powerful support for Chengdu to thrive(兴盛) along the Belt and Road is the Chengdu-Europe express railway(高速铁路). It provides direct train services between Chengdu and the city of Lodz. Because of the express railway, trains can bring things from China to Europe. At the same time, they can bring back European food, wine, meat and so on. In 2016, a total of 460 trains ran between Chengdu and Europe. The number is expected to grow to 1,000 this year.
Since the Chengdu-Lodz express railway was opened, Chengdu, together with other cities in west China, has developed close trade ties with the European country. Poland is one of the largest apple producers in Europe. Czastka’s company helps farmers in Poland sell their apples to China. More and more European products will be sent to China in the future.
The Belt and Road Initiative is meaning ful
◆Born: 1 | |
About Maciek Czastka | ◆Workplace: In Chengdu |
◆Working in Chengdu: Since 2 ago | |
The most powerful support for Chengdu | It’s the Chengdu-Europe express railway. In 2016, a total of 3 trains ran between Chengdu and Europe. This year it will grow to 1,000. |
The advantages of “the Chengdu-Europe express railway” | 1.The Chengdu-Europe express railway provides 4 between Chengdu and the city of Lodz. |
参考答案和解析
【主旨大意】本文通过来自波兰的Maciek Czastka的视角，讲述了“一带一路”给中国和欧洲各大城市带来了很多便利，促进了国家之间的贸易和经济往来。
【答案】1. in Lodz, Poland 2. three years 3. 460 4. direct train services 5. close trade ties
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