初三党,你的宾语从句过关了吗?
一.宾语从句的含义
在主句中做宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。
如:She knew that the teacher had seen the film.
“that the teacher had seen the film”做 knew 的宾语,同时又是由连接词 that 引导的从句,所以它叫做宾语从句。
二.宾语从句的分类
1.动词宾语从句:顾名思义,它是位于动词后面的宾语从句。
如:He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class.
他问我们班上谁的书法最好。
2.介词宾语从句:顾名思义,它是位于介词后面的宾语从句。
如:I agree with what you said just now.
我同意你刚才说的话。
3.形容词宾语从句:顾名思义,它是位于形容词后面的宾语从句。
如:I am afraid that I will be late.
恐怕我要迟到了。
三.引导名词性从句的连接词
1.that:没有含义,在宾语从句中不做成分
2.whether/if:表示是否,在宾语从句中不做成分。
I don't know if /whether he still lives here after so many years.
我不知道这么多年后,他是否还住在这里。
3.连接代词:what, which, who, whom, whose(在宾语从句中做主、宾、表和定语)
连接副词:where, when, how, why(在宾语从句中做状语)
The small children don't know what is in their stockings.(what 在宾语从句中做主语)
Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting this morning?(why 在宾语从句中做原因状语)
四.在做宾语从句的题目时应注意两点
1.时态:
①当主句是现在时态时,宾语从句可以根据需要使用任何时态。
I don't know when he will come back.
我不知道他将何时回来。
He tells me that his sister came back yesterday.
他告诉我他姐姐昨天回来了。
②当主句是过去时态时,宾语从句必须是一种过去的时态。
She asked me if I knew whose pen it was.
她问我是否知道这是谁的钢笔。
He said that he could finish his work before supper.
他说他会在晚饭前完成工作。
③当表示客观事实或普遍真理的句子做宾语从句时,任何时候都用一般现在时。
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.
老师说过地球绕着太阳转。
2.语序:任何从句都使用陈述句语序,宾语从句当然也不例外。
以上内容足够同学们应付中考了。在高中阶段,宾语从句还会在这些内容上进行扩充,所以,同学们一定要在初中时打下良好基础,这样在高中再学英语时就不会手忙脚乱了。
练一练
让我们来简单做几道习题巩固一下吧:
1.The girls asked if they ____ some food and drink with them.
A. took
B. take
C. takes
D. will take
2.Catherine said that she ___ to Guangzhou.
A. has never gone
B. had never gone
C. has never been
D. had never been
3.The students want to know whether they___ dictation(听写)today.
A. had
B. has
C. will have
D. are
4.She asked Linda if___ go and get some.
A. could she
B. she could
C. she can
D. she may
5 Linda said the moon___ round the earth.
A. travelled
B. has travelled
C. travels
D. had travelled
key:A D C B C
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