全文链接：https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/toc/14710366/2022/22/3 SPECIAL ISSUE ARTICLESAutonomy in agrarian studies, politics, and movements: An inter-paradigm debateLeandro Vergara-Camus, Kees Jansen Credit, land and survival work in rural Cambodia: Rethinking rural autonomy through a feminist lensNithya Natarajan, Katherine Brickell Autonomy and repeasantization: Conceptual, analytical, and methodological problemsKees Jansen, Mark Vicol, Lisette Nikol From survival to self-governance: A comparison of two peasant autonomy struggles in Colombia's coffee and frontier regionsKyla Sankey Autonomy as a politico-economic concept: Peasant practices and nested marketsJan Douwe van der Ploeg, Sergio Schneider Peasant and indigenous autonomy before and after the pink tide in Latin AmericaVíctor Bretón, Miguel González, Blanca Rubio, Leandro Vergara-Camus Between autonomy and heteronomy: Navigating peasant and indigenous organizations in contemporary BoliviaAlice Soares Guimarães, Fernanda Wanderley Autonomy as a third mode of ordering: Agriculture and the Kurdish movement in Rojava and North and East SyriaJoost Jongerden SPECIAL ISSUESurveillance agriculture and peasant autonomyGlenn Davis Stone REVIEW ESSAYContesting total extractivism: Between idealism and materialismThomas F. Purcell BOOK REVIEWSTarlau, Rebecca. Occupying schools, occupying land. How the Landless Workers Movement transformed Brazilian education. New York: Oxford University Press. 2019. Pp. 391. £37.99 (hardback). ISBN: 9780190870324Cliff Welchhttps://doi.org/10.1111/joac.12437 The great agrarian conquest: The colonial reshaping of a rural world, by Neeladri Bhattacharya. Albany: SUNY Press. 2019. 522 pp. $100 (hardback). ISBN: 978-1-4384-7739-8Muhammad Ali Janhttps://doi.org/10.1111/joac.12442 Transnational Labour, Migration, Livelihoods and Agrarian Change inNepal: The Remittance Village, by Ramesh Sunam. : Routledge. 2020. 140 pp. £120.00 (hardback). ISBN: 9780367471569Fraser Sugdenhttps://doi.org/10.1111/joac.12463 Autonomy in agrarian studies, politics, and movements: An inter-paradigm debateLeandro Vergara-Camus Kees JansenAbstract：Autonomy has been a term often used in agrarian studies to express the ability of individuals or collective subjects to escape the rule of capital or the control of the state. Academic interventions on autonomy in different fields and disciplines discuss how global capitalism operates and what kind of subjects, spaces, and practices can resist it and build alternatives to it. However, a closer look at the literature reveals contending notions of autonomy. This special issue therefore aims to stimulate theoretical debates on autonomy. This introduction provides an overview of the general problematic and major theoretical debates around which the discussion on autonomy has been taking place. This problematic is not specific to rural social subjects but involves the discussion within the Left about the need and possibility for radical social change. This article explores how ideas about autonomy are used by radical agrarian movements and critical agrarian studies scholars. It also presents the key issues covered by and the arguments of the different contributors to this special issue. Credit, land and survival work in rural Cambodia: Rethinking rural autonomy through a feminist lensNithya Natarajan Katherine BrickellAbstract：This article explores the trajectory of three rural, precarious Cambodian women as they deploy land as a means of undertaking survival work in Cambodia. Using a gendered lens vis-à-vis the concept of autonomy, this article rethinks distress sales of land and collateralized land for microfinance borrowing as forms of everyday autonomy. By highlighting women's central role in undertaking social reproductive labour to reproduce the rural household, these acts of distress land sale and debt-taking are understood as forms of ‘survival work’, acts that ensure the day-to-day survival of the household and form the basis for broader projects of autonomy. Although we remain ambivalent about the long-term prospects for resistance through credit-taking in particular, we ultimately highlight the need for greater attention to variegated oppositional agency in the path to autonomy to understand the gendered labour of everyday survival in rural life. Autonomy and repeasantization: Conceptual, analytical, and methodological problemsKees Jansen Mark Vicol Lisette NikolAbstract：“Autonomy,” as a desirable state, is a notion often used by food sovereignty-oriented farmer movements and scholars studying repeasantization. The term is predominantly used rather casually, relying on presumed meanings, but van der Ploeg's book The New Peasantries seeks to elaborate a particular meaning of autonomy as a characteristic feature of the peasantry. The desire of farmers/peasants for autonomy is formulated in tandem with agroecological agriculture, farmers' agency, locally “nested” markets, co-production with nature, non-commoditized production, and multiple kinds of peasant resistance. This article identifies the distinctive nature of this take on autonomy and analyses its analytical, normative, and political aspects. It develops several critiques regarding the analytical shortcomings of the notion of peasant autonomy: the methodological problem of a peasant bias; the analytical limitations and incompatibility of intrinsic and “relative” autonomy; and the neglect of accumulation from below and subtle class contradictions. Rather than centring autonomy or relative autonomy, the authors argue for shifting the focus to the nature of different types of dependency relationships, ranging from very exploitative to those vital for human flourishing. From survival to self-governance: A comparison of two peasant autonomy struggles in Colombia's coffee and frontier regionsKyla SankeyAbstract：This contribution explores processes of political class formation in peasant autonomy movements. The paper is based on a comparison of two peasant autonomy movements emerging from diverse agrarian structures and looks at how each movement emerged and developed. It argues that variations in class bases, cultural traditions and political histories shape the different ways autonomy is conceived and practised between peasant movements. The political expressions of autonomy struggles can be very diverse, ranging from poverty-driven survival strategies to politicized socio-territorial movements. The paper also highlights three main tensions in the question of autonomy for peasant movements: (1) struggles for autonomy do not involve a straightforward withdrawal from commodity markets, but also seek greater control over the terms of integration into markets; (2) states are still central focal points for the demands and tactics of autonomy struggles, and states still play an important role in allocating resources and co-opting peasant movements; and (3) the strategy of autonomy alone is insufficient for building counter-hegemonic movements. Leadership strategies are critical in shaping the political direction of autonomy movements. Autonomy as a politico-economic concept: Peasant practices and nested marketsJan Douwe van der Ploeg Sergio SchneiderAbstract：This paper discusses autonomy as a set of practices that result in the production and reproduction of resources that allow for self-organization. We define autonomy as a social construct that refers to the self-organizing capacity of people, communities, and movements. Such capacity assumes both resources and agency. In that vein, our conceptualisation implies that autonomy is a relational concept: It can only emerge when and where struggles that aim at going beyond dependency (i.e., nonautonomy) concretely exist. Autonomy is three-pronged, involving a set of goal-oriented activities, a distantiation from capital, and the agency of social actors. Intertwined with these levels are peasant movements that have the capacity to develop and implement a political agenda that is not overshadowed and/or dictated by external influences. The paper illustrates this intertwining with the case of the Circuito (O Circuito), a Brazilian peasant movement that has constructed and operates an extended farmers' market and which simultaneously transforms farming practices. The Circuit is the outcome of collective action and shows the potential of multilevel performance of several actors engaged in concerted actions. In the conclusion, we suggest that the Circuit represents autonomy based on commonly pooled resources as well representing a countermovement to the destructive dynamics of food empires. Peasant and indigenous autonomy before and after the pink tide in Latin AmericaVíctor Bretón Miguel González Blanca Rubio Leandro Vergara-CamusAbstract：Autonomy should not be understood as an inherent quality of rural subjects but as fundamentally a political and cultural project. This paper will present an overview of the evolution of the idea, project, and practice of peasant and indigenous autonomy in Latin America from the 1990s to today. It will trace the origins of the process and examine how the different dimensions of the concept of autonomy (economic, political, ideological, and ethnic) came together in the early 1990s to form a coherent although contradictory political project, which attempted to present an alternative to neoliberalism and political paternalism. The paper will assess the extent to which this project addressed the main challenges that the different sectors of the peasantry faced with the neoliberal restructuring of the economy and the deployment of neoliberal multiculturalism in the region. Through the case studies of Brazil, Ecuador, Nicaragua, and Mexico, the paper will argue that the autonomy projects entailed serious contradictions since their inception because by wanting to solve some problems through certain mechanisms, rural movements exacerbated other problems. The paper also highlights the difficulty that peasant and indigenous movements had through the years in maintaining a strong alliances with each other. Between autonomy and heteronomy: Navigating peasant and indigenous organizations in contemporary BoliviaAlice Soares Guimarães Fernanda WanderleyAbstract：This article analyses the Bolivian rural actors' projects and practices of autonomy. Autonomy is a polysemic concept and concrete projects—and their manifestations—of collective autonomy can only be defined, discussed, and evaluated based on specific understandings attributed to the notion by different collectivities. The authors explore the meanings of autonomy for indigenous and peasant agents in contemporary Bolivia, and to what extent their capacity to advance collective projects of autonomy was enhanced or hindered under Morales' government (2006–2019). The article's focus is the unfolding of these projects in relation to two of the main institutions of modern societies: state and market. The Bolivian case provides insights for the complexities that surround the concept of autonomy and its constant tension with heteronomy. Autonomy as a third mode of ordering: Agriculture and the Kurdish movement in Rojava and North and East SyriaJoost JongerdenAbstract：While the fight of the Kurdish movement against Islamic State (IS) received much coverage, almost no attention was or has been given to the reconstruction efforts of Rojava after its liberation from the Ba′ath regime and the defeat of the caliphate, let alone the political principles underlying the reconstruction of the agrarian economy. This contribution discusses the agricultural policy in Rojava from the perspective of autonomy. It focuses on the ways in which autonomy as a mode of ordering interrupts the ordering by state and capital. Moreover, the article will show how this third mode of ordering, autonomy, produces alternatives for a political economy in Syria in which the state's organization of production and markets had become vehicles of de-development and dispossession, demographic engineering, and cultural homogenization. Surveillance agriculture and peasant autonomyGlenn Davis StoneAbstract：‘Big Data’ digital technologies are beginning to make inroads into peasant agriculture in the Global South. Of particular importance is the subset of technologies that appropriate agricultural decision-making, here theorized as surveillance agriculture. These technological regimes aspire to not only remove decision-making from the farmer, but eventually to replace the farmer with, for instance, ‘autonomous’ tractors. This paper looks ahead to ask what a technological trajectory that aspires to autonomy for the tractor may portend for autonomy for the peasant farmer. It compares surveillance agriculture to other forms of surveillance capitalism, noting that it shares a will to not only sell products and services but to manipulate behaviour but differs in that the behaviour being manipulated is professional productive behaviour. The paper surveys the vested interests of the entities behind surveillance agriculture and asks how informational relations of production may be changed between farmers and these entities. It then examines the informational relations of production among peasant farmers that may be interdicted by surveillance agriculture, especially the group-level decision-making dynamics that make ‘individual autonomy’ a misnomer. But surveillance agriculture is resolutely individualized, which raises concerns for peasant decision-making autonomy. Contesting total extractivism: Between idealism and materialismThomas F. PurcellAbstract：This review essay develops a methodologically-minded critical engagement with two books that seek to make big theoretical contributions to our understanding of the socially and ecologically destructive dynamics of extractivism. By reading both texts through their methods of concept building and abstraction, the essay points towards the potential and pitfalls of science and technology in the capitalist mode of production and, in turn, the prospects for human agency to contest the forces of extractivism. ——END 相关阅读：