书影速递|《时代周刊》:普罗大众日常生活,成就精彩创作

2017-09-09 从余启 我与我们的世界 我与我们的世界

欢迎打开“我与我们的世界”,从此,让我们一起“纵览世界之风云变幻、洞察社会之脉搏律动、感受个体之生活命运、挖掘自然之点滴奥妙”。

我与我们的世界,既是一个“奋斗”的世界,也是一个“思考”的世界。奋而不思则罔,思而不奋则殆。这个世界,你大,它就大;你小,它就小。

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本期导读:汤姆·佩罗塔,1961年出生,美国知名作家、编剧,因小说《校园风云》(1998年)和《身为人母》(2004年)出名,这两部小说改编成的电影都曾获奥斯卡提名,还著有小说《守望尘世》(2011年),该部小说也已改编成热播剧集。



Everyday People, Extraordinary Books

日常生活,精彩演绎


汤姆·佩罗塔


Tom Perrotta has documented decades' worth of social issues in deceptively domestic novels. He addressed modern parenting in 2004's Little Children, the Christian right in 2007's The Abstinence Teacher and the response to grief in 2011's The Leftovers. All those works take place in suburban America and have at their centers workaday folks living against the backdrop of sweeping change. In examining the national interest by way of dinner-table conversation, Perrotta has created some of the most memorably human drama of his era. His new novel, Mrs. Fletcher, about a mother and son, is the latest example.

几十年来,汤姆·佩罗塔一直都通过家庭情境小说,来反映美国社会所历经的重大议题。2004年的《身为人母》,说的是为人父母的问题;2007年的《禁欲教师》,说的是基督教右翼保守主义的问题;2011年的《守望尘世》,说的是人生遭遇不幸命运的问题。所有这些小说的发生背景,都是在城市近郊,小说中的人物,都是普通居民,面临着人生境况的巨大变更。佩罗塔通过家庭成员间的日常交谈,来反映国民所关注的重大议题,成就了这个时代中最具意义的人性故事。佩罗塔的新小说《费莱切夫人》,主要人物是一对母子,便是一部最新力作。



"I never feel like I'm writing about the suburbs," says Perrotta. "I feel like I'm writing about people who live in the suburbs, and people are a subject of inexhaustible interest." Mrs. Fletcher is a look at two kinds of sexual revolution: the breakdown of barriers created by Internet porn and the new manner of talking about sex on campus. It will spark plenty of conversations before college drop-off begins in August.

“我从没觉得,我写的是城市近郊”,佩罗塔如是说,“我觉得,我写的是居住在城市近郊的人,而且,人,是一个永不枯竭的话题”。《费莱切夫人》探讨的是,当今时代与性有关的两个革命性现象:一个是互联网的普及让情色信息唾手可得,另一个是大学校园里聊性话题有了新变化。八月份大学新生入学前,这部小说定会在美国社会激起热烈讨论。


To Perrotta, Internet porn--the sort that comes to obsess empty-nester Eve Fletcher--has been a democratizing force: "I certainly don't want to be the person defending porn, but one of the things it's done is show that real people are not as sexually picky as American commercial culture might lead us to believe. There's a place in porn for older people, people of different races." Meanwhile, new cultural wokeness--and rigidity--creates confusion and resentment for Brendan, Eve's blithely self-assured, unsophisticated son. Perrotta demonstrates how the conversation around re-envisioning sex and gender, one that occurs entirely above Brendan's head, has consequences. In the author's telling, it "leads to a kind of puritanical calling-out of people who have sinned against these goals."

佩罗塔认为,网络情色,即让空巢的伊芙·费莱切逐渐痴迷的那种网络情色,在社会中已相当大众化、相当普及,“我不是在为情色做辩护,不过,这种现象的普及能说明很多东西,其中一点便是,人们在性方面的挑剔程度,并没有受美国商业文化影响而像人们认为的那么严重。情色领域,也有老年人的一席之地,不同种族的人,也都一样。”与此同时,社会文化方面的传统规范,抑或说顽固不化,给伊芙那阳光自信、初入社会的儿子布兰登带来了困扰和愤懑。佩罗塔的这部新作中,就展示了针对性和性别的交谈对话,即那些在布兰登脑袋里萦绕着的交谈对话,是如何产生特定影响的。据作者佩罗塔介绍说,那种影响,最起码“能让那些认为自己罪孽深重的人们,在精神上获得某种解放。”


This may be the latest of Perrotta's works to be adapted by Hollywood. HBO, which broadcast the grand-scale adaptation The Leftovers, has optioned Mrs. Fletcher, following film versions of Perrotta novels Election and Little Children. But the in-demand author's wading into the contemporary campus comes from a prosaic place: chats with his college-age children, who also helped inspire his previous books. (Little Children came out when they were just that.) The parent and his children have had very different experiences. "I looked at college as this place of freedom and liberation and fun," says Perrotta (Yale '83). "And now a lot of people experience it as a kind of minefield, where you have to watch what you say. Maybe that's not a bad thing, but I think the sense of it as a fun place or a place where the world gets bigger has become much more complicated." Perceptive of slight shifts in the social current but never condemning his sinning characters' souls, Perrotta proves an amiable guide through it all.

佩罗塔的这部新作,可能也即将成为影视界的改编目标。曾播放大型改编剧集《守望尘世》的有线电视网络媒体公司HBO,把佩罗塔的小说《校园风云》、《身为人母》改编成电影后,目前也已锁定《费莱切夫人》这本新作。不过,销路一直很好的佩罗塔这位著者此次大举杀入大学校园话题,灵感却源于他与正在上大学的孩子们之间的日常谈话,他之前几部小说的某些灵感,也源自他与孩子的相处,《身为人母》便是其中一例。佩罗塔与他的孩子们,对大学的体验和认知,非常不同。“那时我觉得,大学校园就是自由,就是释放,就是乐趣”,1983年毕业于耶鲁大学的佩罗塔这样说到,“而现在,大学校园充满各种雷区,你的一言一行,需要时刻注意,也或许,这不是件坏事,不过,在我看来,充满乐趣的大学校园,或者说能让人成长的大学校园,已变得越来越复杂难懂。”佩罗塔对社会洪流中的细微变化有着深刻洞察,不过,对他著作中罪孽重重的各个人物,却从不进行价值评判,佩罗塔只是把各种现象展现出来,像是一个和蔼可亲的向导,带领人们纵览其间。


往期精彩:


新书速递|《男性之隐》:一百位男性受访者倾吐心声

新书速递|《经济学人》:历史是一个姑娘,每人都能是化妆师

中英对照|《婚姻与爱情》:钻石可以恒久远,婚姻却是难上难

独家|《CNN》:特朗普就职日收到奥巴马亲笔信全文曝光

巴西一瞥|《里约热内卢》:是魅力之城,还是暴力之都?

哈佛教授有话说|《全球脑库》:川普能否搞定朝鲜、中国?

国际话语权|《唐奖》:中华文化圈的“诺贝尔奖”落座台湾

民族主义|《关注印度》:印度的民族主义,源远且流长

表达的艺术|《概念摄影》:有人的地方,就有思想的力量,

诗图一家|《每人都有两只眼睛》:一只向外看,一只向内观


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