预习！人教版英语七下Unit 10课文听力/单词听力/知识梳理/词汇句式精讲
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noodle ['nuːdl] n. 面条
mutton ['mʌtn] n. 羊肉
beef [biːf] n. 牛肉
cabbage ['kæbɪdʒ] n. 卷心菜;洋白菜
potato [pə'teɪtəʊ] n.土豆;马铃薯
special ['speʃəl] n.特色菜;特价品 adj. 特别的;特殊的
would [wʊd] modal v.(表示意愿)愿意
would like愿意;喜欢
yet [jet] adv. (常用于否定句和疑问句)还;仍然
large [lɑː(r)dʒ] adj.大号的，大的
order ['ɔː(r)də(r)] n.&v. 点菜;命令
takeone’s order 点菜
size [saɪz] n. 大小;尺码
bowl [bəʊl] n. 碗
one(large) bowl of… 一(大)碗
tofe [təʊfu:] n. 豆腐
meat [miːt] n. (可食用的)肉
dumpling ['dʌmplɪŋ] n.饺子
porridge ['pɒrɪdʒ] n. 粥;面糊
onion ['ʌnjən] n. 洋葱
fish [fɪʃ] n. 鱼;鱼肉
pancake ['pænkeɪk] 烙饼;薄饼
world [wɜː(r)ld] n. 世界
aroundthe world世界各地
answer ['ɑːnsə] v. 回答 n. 答案
different ['dɪfərənt] adj.不同的
cake [keɪk] n. 蛋糕
candle ['kændl] n. 蜡烛
age [eɪdʒ] n. 年龄
makea wish许愿
blow [bləʊ] v. 吹
blowout吹灭
if [ɪf] conj. 如果
will [wɪl] v. 将要;会
the UK(=theUnited Kingdom) [,ju:’keɪ]([jʊ'naɪtɪd ‘kɪŋdəm]) n.英国
candy ['kændi] n. 糖果
lucky ['lʌki] adj. 幸运的
popular ['pɒpjʊlə] adj.受欢迎的;普遍的
getpopular受欢迎;流行
cutup切碎
idea [aɪ'dɪə] n.想法;主意
bring good luck to… 给……带来好运
【重点短语】
1. would like sth. 想要某物
2. would like to do sth. 想要做某事
3. put on 穿上,戴上
4. take one’s order 点菜
5. in the beef noodles 在牛肉面里
6. mapo tofu with rice
麻婆豆腐外带大米
7. what kind of noodles
什么种类的面条
8. a large bowl of noodles
一大碗面条
9. a medium bowl of noodles 一中碗面
10. a small bowl of noodles 一小碗面条
11. what size 什么尺寸
12.May I take your order? 可以点餐了么？
13. beef noodles with carrots
带有胡萝卜的牛肉面
14. green tea 绿茶
15. orange juice 橙汁
16. around the world 世界各地
17. in different countries 在不同的国家
18. birthday cakes with candles
带蜡烛的生日蛋糕
19. the birthday person 寿星
20.make a wish 许愿
21. blow out the candles 吹灭蜡烛
22. in one go 一口气，一次性的
23. come true 实现
24. get popular 变得流行，受欢迎
25. long noodles 长寿面
26. cut up 切碎/断
27. a symbol of long life 长寿的象征
28. be different 不同的
29. be the same 一样的
30. bring good luck to sb. 带给某人幸运
31. have different kinds of … 有不同种类的......
【重点句型】
1. What would you like?您需要什么？
2. I'm not sure yet. Are there any vegetables in the beef noodles?
我不确定，牛肉面里有蔬菜吗？
3. Yes, there are some tomatoes.
有，里面有西红柿。
4. OK, I’d like the beef noodles,please.
好的，我就吃牛肉面了。
5. I like dumplings、fish and orange juice.
我喜欢吃饺子、鱼及喝橙汁。
6. I don't like onions，green tea or porridge.
我不喜欢吃洋葱，也不喜欢喝绿茶和粥。
7. What kind of noodles would youlike? 您要什么面？
8. I’d like beef noodles, please. 就要牛肉面吧。
9. What size would you like? 您要什么碗的面？
10. I’d like a large bowl, please. 就来大碗的吧。
【写作话题】本单元以买东西服务用语为话题，谈论价格数量等。
【写作题目】根据以下信息为朱老大饺子屋（ Zhu Laoda Dumpling House ）写一则广告。
提示：（1） 本店饺子品种齐全，个大味美（2） 现有两种特价饺子：鸡蛋蔬菜饺子每10个3元；牛肉饺子每10个5元（3）欢迎光临本店。地址：光明路118号。电话：685-8588。
【优秀满分范文】
Zhu Laoda Dumpling House
Would you like to have dumplings? At Zhu Laoda Dumpling House ,we have all kinds of dumplings and they are all large and delicious.
Now we have two great specials! Special 1 has eggs and vegetables and is just 3 yuan for 10. Special 2 is only 5yuan for 10 and has beef and vegetables.
Welcome to our house! The address is No.118 Guangming Road .Our telephone number is 685-8588.
Unit10 词汇讲解
1. potato
potato 可数名词，意为“土豆、马铃薯”，其复数形式为 potatoes。例如：
I don’t like potatoes. 我不喜欢马铃薯。
注意：部分以字母o结尾的名词，变为复数时，在词尾加-es。例如：
tomato (西红柿) → tomatoes
hero (英雄) → heroes
Negro (黑人) → Negroes
我们可以用“黑人英雄爱吃西红柿和马铃薯”这个顺口溜来记住这几个词。
2. size
size是名词，它的意思是“尺寸、大小”，既可以表示物体的大小，又可以表示服装、鞋帽的尺码、号码。What size引导的特殊疑问句经常用来询问规格或者尺码。例如：
－What size shirt do you want? 你要多大号的衬衫？
－ I want size 36. 我要36号的。
3. small, medium＆large
small, medium, large都可以用来表示物体的型号，small是小号，medium是中号，large是大号。这三个词可以放在表示量的词前做修饰，来说明具体的要求。例如，a bowl of的意思是“一碗”，表示“大碗、中碗、小碗”时，分别在bowl前面加上“large, medium, small”即可。例如：
－What would you like? 您想要点什么？
－I’d like a large bowl of beef noodles. 我要一大碗牛肉面。
4. special
（1）special作名词时，意为“特色菜、特价品、特别的事物”等。例如：
The train is a special for the football game.
那班火车是为足球赛开的专车。
The menu changes regularly and there are daily specials to choose from.
菜谱定期更换，而且每天都有特色菜供选择。
（2）special还可以做形容词，意为“特殊的, 特别的，特色的”。
His accent is quite special. 他的口音非常特别。
5. order
（1）order 作名词，意为“点菜”，是可数名词；词组take one’s order意为“点菜”。例如：
May I take your order? 您现在点菜吗？
拓展：order 作名词时，还可以表示“顺序、次序”。例如：
The names are in alphabetical order. 名字是按照字母顺序排列的。
My mother likes order in our home. 我的妈妈喜欢把家里布置的井井有条。
（2）order 作动词，意为“命令、要求、订购货物”等。例如：
The police ordered them to wait right there. 警察命令他们在那里等候。
Shall I order a taxi for you? 要我给你叫辆车吗？
6. meat
meat 为不可数名词， 是可食用的动物肉的总称，只能用some，any，a lot of等可以修饰不可数名词的量词修饰。例如：
There is some meat in the fridge. 冰箱里有一些肉。
注意：red meat 红色的肉 （如牛肉等） white meat 白色肉类 （如鸡肉等）meat 包括 beef、chicken、mutton等，但不包括鱼类和鸟类的肉。
7. popular
popular是形容词，意为“流行的；受欢迎的”。be popular with意为“受……欢迎”,get popular 意为“受欢迎，流行”。例如：
This kind of sweater is very popular. 这种毛衣非常流行。
She is a popular teacher in our school.
她是我们学校一位很受欢迎的老师。
His songs are popular with young people.
他的歌很受年轻人的欢迎。
In China, it is getting popular to have cake on your birthday.
在中国，在生日的时候吃蛋糕变的很流行。
8. yet
（1）yet作副词，意为“到此时，至今，还，尚未”，用于否定句中。例如：
We haven’t heard from him yet. 我们还没有收到他的来信。
I’m not yet sure if we could win. 我还没有把握确定我们是否能赢。
（2）yet作副词，意为“已经”，用于疑问句中。例如：
Is everything ready yet? 一切准备就绪了吗？
Has the ship left yet? 轮船已经离开了吗？
（3）yet作副词，意为“仍然，还是”，用于肯定句中。例如：
He’s yet a child. 他还是个孩子。
（4）yet作连词，意为“然而，可是”。例如：
You can draw a horse in five minutes, yet you kept me waiting for a year, why?
你能在五分钟之内画好一匹马，然而你却让我等了一年，为什么？
He trained hard all year, yet he didn’t win a prize in the competition.
他全年都艰苦训练，然而在竞赛中却没能获奖。
9. different
different 形容词，意为“不同的”。其名词形式为“difference”。
The two answers are different.
这两个答案是不同的。
Can you tell me the differences between them?
你能告诉我他们的不同之处吗？
be different from意为“与……不同”。例如：
Saying a thing is very different from doing it.
说一件事和做一件事很不相同。
10. fish
（1）fish既可作可数名词，也可以作不可数名词。用作可数名词指鱼的条数时，单复数相同。例如：
I bought two fish in the market. 我在市场买了两条鱼。
（2）fish用作可数名词指鱼的种类时，复数形式是fishes. 例如：
There are many kinds of fishes in the lake. 湖里有许多种鱼。
（3）fish作不可数名词，意为“鱼肉”。
Do you like fish or eggs？你喜欢吃鱼肉还是鸡蛋？
（4）fish 还可以作动词，意为“钓鱼”。
Let’s go fishing tomorrow. 让我们明天去钓鱼吧。
11. answer
（1）answer 作可数名词，意为“答案、回答、答复”，后常接介词to表示“……的答案”。例如：
I don’t know the answer to the question.
我不知道这个问题的答案。
（2）answer 作动词时，既可以作及物动词，也可以做不及物动词。作及物动词时意为“回答、答复、应答”；作不及物动词时意为“回答”。例如：
The boy can’t answer this question.
那个男孩回答不出问题。（及物）
He answered with a smile. 他微笑作答。（不及物）
12. blow
blow 不及物动词，意为“吹”；词组blow out 意为“吹灭”。out在这里是副词，和blow构成动副关系；后接名词时，名词可以放在词组的中间也可以放在out的后面；后接代词时，代词必须放在词组的中间。例如：
The wind blew out the candle. 风吹灭了蜡烛。
The wind blew the match out. 风把火柴吹灭了。
The wind blew it out. 风把它吹灭了。
练一练：
Ⅰ. 汉译英。
1. 四片面包_________ 2. 两杯牛奶_________
3. 五瓶水_________ 4. 四个苹果_________
5. 两碗牛肉面________ 6. 五碗西红柿鸡蛋面__________
Ⅱ. 根据句意、汉语意思或首字母提示补全单词。
1. My pen is d_______ from yours.
2. This piece of music is very p______; we all like it.
3. This bowl is too small. That bowl is too large. I want a m______ one.
4. Can you tell me the a_______ to the question?
5. I want to swim in the water like a f_______.
6. You’re a little heavy now. You’d better eat less (更少的) m______.
7. －What would you like? －I am not sure y______.
8. I’m a l______ man, because I get a good job.
9. The fish s______ is very delicious.
10. －What would you like to eat? －I’d like to eat some d _______.
Ⅲ. 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. Most man don’t like go ______ (shop).
2. The wind_______ (blow) hard now.
3. I’d like _______ (order) a large bowl of beef noodles.
4. The Pizza House has some great _______ (special).
5. They would like _______ (potato) noodles.
6. There are shoes of all _______ (size) in the supermarket.
7. Everyone _______ (love) oranges. They are sweet and juicy.
8. I don’t like eating _______ (orange), but I like to drink _______ (orange).
9. She’d like some ________ (tomato), she doesn’t like _______ (strawberry).
10. We have some _______ (fish) for lunch.
Ⅳ.选词填空。
1. Would you like _______ (some / any) ice cream?
2. Is there ______ (some / any) meat in the bowl?
3. --What ______ (kind / size) bowl of rice would you like?
--Small size.
4. There is _______ (not / no) water in the bottle.
5. Welcome to the ________ restaurant! We have different _______ (noodles/ noodle).
参考答案：
Ⅰ. 汉译英
1. four pieces of bread 2. two glasses of milk
3. five bottles of water 4. four apples
5. two bowls of beef noodles
6. five bowls of tomato and egg noodles
Ⅱ. 根据句意和首字母提示补全单词。
1. different 2. popular 3. medium 4. answer 5. fish
6. meat 7. yet 8. lucky 9. soup 10. dumplings
Ⅲ. 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. shopping 2. is blowing 3. to order
4. specials 5. potato 6. sizes
7. loves 8. oranges, orange
9. tomatoes, strawberries 10. fish
Ⅳ.选词填空。
1. some 2. any 3. size 4. no 5. noodle, noodles
Unit10 重点句型解析
1. I’d like beef noodles please.
（1）I’d like＝I would like，would like的意思是“想要”，相当于动词want，但比want语气更加委婉。would可以和主语缩写为’d，例如：I’d＝I would；You’d＝You would；He’d＝He would等。例如：
I’d like a large bowl, please. 我想要一大碗。
He’d like some apples. 他想要一些苹果。
（2）“would like sth.”表示“想要某物”。
My mother would like some milk. 我的妈妈想要一些牛奶。
（3）“would like to do”意为“想要做某事”。例如：
I’d like to visit the Great Wall. 我想要参观长城。
（4）“would like sb. to do sth.”意为“想要某人做某事”。例如：
I’d like you to meet my friend. 我想让你见见我的朋友。
2. Would you like a large bowl?
“Would you like…？”是日常生活中的常用句型，用于向对方有礼貌的提出建议或邀请。其后可以跟名词、代词、动词不定式等。“Would you like sth.?”意为“你想要……吗？” 其肯定回答是“Yes, please.”；否定回答是“No, thanks.”。“Would you like to do sth?”意为“你愿意……吗？”；其肯定回答常用“Yes, I’d love/like to.”；否定回答常用“No, thanks.”或者“Sorry + 拒绝的理由. / I’d love to, but…等”。例如：
－Would you like some bananas? 你想吃些香蕉吗？
－Yes, please. / No, thanks. 好的。/ 不，谢谢。
－Would you like to have a rest? 你想休息一会儿吗？
－Yes, I’d love / like to. 是的，我非常愿意。
3. Can we have two bowls of beef soup then?
a bowl of…表示“一碗……”，后跟可数名词的复数或者不可数名词。“数词+量词+of+名词”结构可表示某物数量的多少。当数词大于一时，量词应变为复数形式。例如：
We’d like two bowls of dumplings. 我们想要两碗饺子。
拓展：类似的结构还有：
a glass of…一（玻璃）杯……
a cup of… 一（茶）杯
a piece of… 一张/块/片……
a box of… 一盒/箱……
4. What kind of noodles would you like?
What/Which kind of …would you like？是口语中常用的句型，用来询问某人想要什么种类的物品。what kind of可以译为“什么样的，哪种”。例如：
What kind of shirt would you like?
你想要什么样的衬衫？
What kind of birthday presents would you like?
你想要什么样的生日礼物？
拓展：kind作名词时，它的意思是“种类”，它可以构成短语a kind of（一种），all kinds of（各种各样的），different kinds of（不同种类的），what kind of（哪一种）。例如：
What kind of food do you like?
你喜欢哪种食物？
There are all kinds of noodles in our shop.
我们商店里有各种各样的面条。
5. How can a person make his or her birthday wish come true?
（1）这是一个由疑问词how引导的特殊疑问句。how意为“如何”，它针对方式方法进行提问。例如：
How can I get there? 我怎样到达那里？
How do you solve the problem?
你如何解决这个问题？
（2）make sb. /sth. do sth. 意为“使某人做某事”。其中动词make在该短语中是使役动词，使役动词后跟动词原形作宾语补足语，意为“使/让某人（某物）做某事”。make sth/sb+adj 意为“使/让某人（某物）怎么样”。例如：
make sth/sb+adj
The boss makes us work eleven hours a day.
老板让我们一天工作11个小时。
She often makes him happy. 她经常使他开心。
练一练：
Ⅰ. 仔细阅读对话，选择方框内的句子填空格，使对话意思连贯正确。
A：Anything else? B：What can I do for you, sir? C：How much would you like? D：Could you leave us your address? E：What would you like to have? F：That’s enough. G：You can pay us when we send you food. |
A: Hello, is that White’s Restaurant?
B: Yes, 1
A: I want to know if you send take-away food.
B: Sure.
A: I’d like to order something for my lunch.
B: 2
A: I’d like to have beef with potatoes and a hot dog.
B: OK. 3
A: No, thanks. How can I pay you?
B: 4 By the way, what time do you expect your lunch?
A: Around 11:30 am.
B: 5
A: Oh, yeah. Room 502 in Spring Building.
B: Thank you. Seen you then.
Ⅱ. 句型转换，每空一词。
1. My pencil isn’t the same as yours. (改为同义句)
My pencil is _______ _______ yours.
2. His age is 17. (改为同义句)
He is 17 _______ _______.
3. People would like to eat long noodles on their birthday. (就划线部分提问)
______ _______ people ______ _______ eat on their birthday?
4. I’d like to go to the movies. (就划线部分提问)
______ ______ you like _______ _______?
5. I’d like some tomatoes. (改为一般疑问句)
______ you like ______ tomatoes?
6. She’d like a medium bag of apples. (就划线部分提问)
_______ _______ bag of apples would she like?
7. They’d like a medium bowl of noodles. (改为同义句)
They______ a medium bowl of noodles.
8. －Would you like beef noodles? (做肯定回答)
－Yes, ______.
9. －Would you like mutton and potato noodles? (作否定回答)
－No, ______.
10. I’d like beef and potato noodles. (对划线部分提问)
______ ______ you like?
Ⅲ. 根据汉语意思，完成句子，每空一词。
1. 让我们打电话订一份大碗的面条吧。
Let’s make a phone to order _____ _____ _____ _____ _____.
2. 请递给我一些土豆和牛肉。
Please pass me ____ ____ and ____.
3. 我能喝一碗牛肉汤吗？
Can I have _______ _______ ______ beef soup?
4. －你穿多大码的鞋子？
－我穿18码的。
－What ______ shoes ______ you wear?
－I wear ______ 18.
5. 他们想要什么种类的面条？
What _______ _______ noodles _______ they like?
6. 在过生日的时候人们吃什么？
______ would people like to eat ______ their birthday?
7. 长面条是长寿的象征。
The long _____ are a symbol of ____ _____.
8. 白冰的爸爸想要她在2013年去美国留学。
Baibing’s father _____ ____ her ____ go to America for studying in 2013.
9. 在我们班女生的人数是27人。
_______ ______ _______ the girls in our class is twenty-seven.
10. 这个消息让我们开心。
The news _______ us ______.
参考答案：
Ⅰ. 补全对话，每空一词。
1-5：B E A G D
Ⅱ. 句型转换，每空一词。
1. different from 2. years old
3. What would, like to 4. What would, to do
5. Would, some 6. What size
7. want 8. please 9. thanks
10. What would
Ⅲ. 根据汉语意思，完成句子，每空一词。
1. a large bowl of noodles
2. some potatoes, beef
3. a bowl of
4. size, do, size 5. kind of, would
6. What, on 7. noodles, long life
8. would like, to 9. The number of
10. makes, happy
写在最后：
期待在下方留言“每日打卡”，让我看到你们的坚持！
转发，是最好的支持
学习之路，现在开始也不晚!