预习！牛津译林版英语八下 Unit 7（单词听力/课文听力/课文翻译/知识梳理）,提前收藏！
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8B Unit 7 单词
单词
especially [ɪs peʃəli] 特别，尤其
basic [ beɪsɪk] 基础的，基本的
education [ˌedjʊkeɪʃn] 教育
equal [ˈiːkw(ə)l] 平等的
right [raɪt] 权利
spread [spred] 扩散；分布；展开
interviewer [ ɪntəvjuːə] 来访者
blindness 失明
mostly [ məʊstli] 主要地，大部分地
case [keɪs] 病例；案列
cure [kjʊə] 治愈
medical [ˈmedɪk(ə)l] 医学的，医疗的
treatment [ˈtriːtmənt] 治疗
patient [ peɪʃənt] 病人
afford [ə fɔːd] 买得起；能做
go to hospital 去看病
on board 在飞机（船、火车）上
operate [ˈɒpəreɪt] 做手术
proud [praʊd] 骄傲的，自豪的
reader [ riːdə] 读者
medicine [ medɪsɪn] 医学；药
develop [dɪ veləp] 发展；加强
treat [triːt] 治疗；处理
carry on [ˈkærɪɒn] 继续开展，继续下去
leaflet [ liːflɪt] 传单；散页印刷品
hand out 分发；提出
hold [həʊld] 容纳 v.拿住,握住,保留
set [set] 设置;放置，安置
set up 建起，设立
including 包括，包含
war [wɔː] 战争
organize [ˈɔːgənaɪz] 组织
pale [peɪl] 苍白的
matter [ mætə] 事情，问题，物质，素材
check [tʃek] 检查
secretary [ˈsekrətri] 秘书
make up one s mind 决定
India [ ɪndɪə] 印度
officer [ˈɒfɪsə] 官员
课文
Comic strip– Eddie, more money is needed for charity. You have some pocket money left. Let’s go and donate it.
埃迪，慈善机构需要更多的钱。你还剩下一些零花钱。我们去捐了它吧。
– Now? It’s time for lunch.
现在？现在是午饭时间了。
– Don’t worry. We can have a big lunch after that.
别担心。我们在那之后可以吃一顿大餐。
– Hobo, let me have lunch first. I’m too weak to walk any further.
霍波，让我先吃午饭吧。我太虚弱，走不动了。
– Come on, Eddie. We only have five kilometres left.
走吧，埃迪。我们只剩下五公里了。
Welcome to the unit– Do you know about any international charities, class?
同学们，你们了解任何国际慈善机构吗？
– Yes. I know about a charity called UNICEF.
是的。我知道一个叫联合国儿童基金会的机构。
– How does UNICEF help people?
联合国儿童基金会如何帮助人们？
– It helps build a better world for everyone, especially children all over the world.
它帮助为所有人建立一个更好的世界，特别是为全世界的儿童。
– It provides basic education for children in poor areas.
它为贫困地区的孩子提供基础教育。
– It works for the equal rights of girls and women too.
它也同样为妇女和女孩争取平等权益。
– It also works to prevent the spread of some serious diseases, like AIDS, among young people.
它还致力于阻止类似艾滋病一类的严重疾病在年轻人之间传播。
– Perfect! You’ve done a good job.
太棒了！你的工作做得很好！
ReadingInterviewer: Dr Ma, please tell us something about blindness.
马医生，请给我们讲一讲关于失明的相关事情。
Dr Ma: About 285 million people around the world are blind or have other eye problems, mostly in poor areas, and about 80 per cent of these cases can be prevented or cured.However, many people don’t have money for medical treatment.
世界上大约有2.85亿的人失明或患有眼疾，大多数在贫困地区，而这些病例中大约80%能够被阻止或治愈。但是，很多人没有足够的钱进行医学治疗。
Interviewer: How does ORBIS help?
奥比斯组织如何帮助人们？
Dr Ma: ORBIS uses its Flying Eye Hospital to visit poor areas.On the plane, volunteer doctors do operations. The plane is also used as a training centre.
奥比斯利用它的眼科飞机医院去到贫困地区。在飞机上，志愿者医生进行手术。飞机也可以作为培训中心使用。
Interviewer: Why don’t you work in a hospital?
你们为什么不在医院工作？
Dr Ma: Many of our patients can’t afford to go to hospital, so we have to go to them.Also, local doctors and nurses are invited on board to learn about eye operations.We can teach them new skills. By training them, we hope to help more people.
我们的很多病人没钱去医院，所以我们得去他们那儿。同时，当地的医生和护士也被邀请到飞机上来学习眼部手术。我们可以教他们新技术。通过培训他们，我们希望能帮到更多的人们。
Interviewer: How many operations do you do during a visit?
在一次访问中，你们要做多少台手术？
Dr Ma: During my last visit, I50 patients were operated on.
在我上一次访问中，有150位病人做了手术。
Interviewer: You’re doing a really important job.
你们在从事一项非常重要的工作。
Dr Ma: Thank you. I’m proud to help people see again and improve their lives.
谢谢。我很骄傲能够帮助人们重见光明并提高生活质量。
Interviewer: Is there anything else you’d like to say to our readers?
你还想对我们的读者说些什么吗？
Dr Ma: Yes. Modern medicine is developing quickly and now most eye problems and diseases can be treated and cured.But more money is needed to carry on with our work. We hope more people will support us.
是的。现代医学发展很快，现在大多数眼疾能够治疗并治愈。但是需要更多的钱来治愈我们的工作。我们希望更多的人们来支持我们。
Interviewer: Thank you very much for your time, Dr Ma.
谢谢您的宝贵时间，马医生。Integrated skillsA2
Host: UNICEF works all over the world. It helps make the world a better place for children.
UNICEF wants all children to be healthy, so it provides them with clean water and food, and tries to prevent children from getting illnesses.
When they’re sick, UNICEF pays for them to go to hospital.
UNICEF also believes that it’s important for children to receive basic education. In many countries, families are very poor. Their children have to work to support them. UNICEF helps these children go to school.
UNICEF raises money by selling Christmas cards and organizing other activities.
There are many ways you can support UNICEF. You can donate money or work as a volunteer.
A4
Daniel: UNICEF is part of the United Nations. It was set up in Europe in 1946, after World War Ⅱ. At that time, many children’s lives were changed because of the war, and UNICEF wanted to help them.
Now UNICEF works in over 190 countries and areas. It helps governments, communities and families make the world a better place for children.
UNICEF wants all children to be healthy, so it provides them with clean water and food, and tries to prevent them from getting illnesses. UNICEF also believes that it’s important for children to receive basic education, so it helps them go to school.
UNICEF raises money by selling Christmas cards and organizing other activities. People can support it by donating money or working as volunteers.
Speak up– You look pale. What’s the matter?
你看起来脸色苍白。怎么了？
– I don’t feel well. I’ve got toothache. It hurts.
我感觉不舒服。我的牙疼。它受伤了。
– How long have you felt like this?
你疼了多久了？
– For about two days.
大概两天。
– OK. Open your mouth and let me have a check …. Well, it’s nothing serious. Take this medicine after meals three times a day. You’ll be all right in a few days.
好的。张开嘴巴，让我检查一下。……嗯，不严重。吃这种药，饭后服用，一天三次。几天就好了。
– OK. Thanks.
好的。谢谢。
TaskDiana was once a secretary of a big company. She lived in a comfortable flat and drove to work She travelled to many places,but she seldom took the plane. She was afraid of flying.
黛安娜曾经是一家大公司的秘书。她住在一座舒适的公寓里，而且开车去上班。她去过许多地方旅游，但是她很少坐飞机。她害怕飞行。One day,Diana saw a TV programme about ORBIS. She learnt about the Flying Eye Hospital. She wanted to help poor people with eye problems see again,so she made up her mind to train as a nurse and attended courses after work.
一天，黛安娜看到一个关于奥比斯的电视节目。她了解到关于这介飞行眼科医院的事情。她想帮助有眼痰的穷人重见光明，因此她决定接受护士培训，并在下班后去上课。Diana is working for ORBIS now. She has to travel over 300 days a year. She is getting used to travelling by plane.
现在黛安娜在为奥比斯工作。她一年里必须旅行300多天。她习惯于乘飞机往来各地。Diana enjoys her work She is glad to be able to help people see again. She does not have as much money as before,but she thinks her life is more meaningful.
黛安娜喜欢她的工作。她非常高兴能够帮助人们重见光明。她的钱不如以前多，但是她认为她的生活更有意义。
8B Unit7 知识梳理
【重点短语】
1.have some pocket money left
剩下一些零花钱
2.too weak to walk any further
太虚弱了而不能走更远
3.internatinal charities
国际慈善机构
4.build a better world for everyone
为大家建一个更美好的世界
5.especially in the world
尤其在世界上
6.mostly in poor areas
主要在贫困地区
7.provide basic education
提供基础教育
8.work for the rights of girls and women
为女孩和妇女们的权利而工作
9.prevent the spread of some serious diseases
防止一些严重疾病的传播
10.have an interview with an ORBIS doctor
采访一名奥比斯医生
11.set up in Europe
建立在欧洲
12.because of the war 因为战争
13.the Students’ Union 学生会
14.sell sth to raise money=raise money by selling sth
卖东西筹钱
15.hand out leaflets 分发传单
16.do operations on sb 给某人动手术
17.many more people in poor areas
在贫困地区更多的人
18.during Mr Ma’s last visit
在马医生上次采访期间
19.have no money to go to hospital
=can’t afford to go to hospital
没有钱去医院看病
20.go/come to watch the show
去/来看演出
21.have to speak loudly
不得不大声说
22.try to prevent them from getting illnesses
尽量阻止他们得病
23.support by working as volunteers
通过作为支援者工作支持
24. get toothache 得牙痛
25.nothing serious 没什么严重的
26.take this medicine after meals
饭后服药
27.You’ll be all right in a few days
几天之后你将会好的
28.on board 在船上/飞机上
29. teach them new skills 教他们新技能
30.help people see again 帮助人们重见光明
31.do an eye operation 动一次眼科手术
32.a Flying Eye Hospital 一家飞行眼科医院
33. something else 其它一些东西
34.say to our readers 对我们的读者说
35.modern medicine 现代医学
36.most eye problems and diseases
大多数眼睛问题和疾病
37.carry on with our work/ carry on working
继续我们的工作
38.the money for medical treatment
用作为医学治疗的钱
39.attend courses after work
下班后学习课程
40.300 days a year 一年300天
41.be used to travelling by plane
习惯于坐飞机旅行
42.have as much money as before
和以前拥有钱一样多
43. be afraid of flying/to fly
害怕飞行
44.be proud to help people to see again
骄傲地帮助人们重见光明
45.use a computer for sending/to send
用电脑发送
46.keep asking myself
一直问我自己
47.no time to be nervous any more
再也没有紧张地时间了
48.a secretary of a company
一家公司的文书
49.live in a comfortable flat
住在一个舒适的套房
50.drive to work 开车上班
51.help poor people with eye problems
帮助有眼病的穷人
52.make up one’s mind to train as a nurse
决定训练作为一名护士
53.can be prevented or cured
能够被预防治愈
54.80 per cent of the cases
80%的病例
55.volunteer doctors 志愿者医生
56.used to work on the farm all day
过去常常整天在农场工作
57.can’t read or write
既不能读书也不能写字
58.learn about the conditions of the locoal people
了解当地人的情况
59.hope to be a teacher
希望当一名老师。
【重点句型】
1.More money is needed for charity.
慈善事业需要更多的钱。
2.I’m too weak to walk any furthe.r.
我太虚弱了而不能走更远。
3.The plane is used as a training centre
这架飞机当作为训练中心使用。
4.It provids basic education for children in poor areas.
它为贫困地区的孩子提供基础教育。
5.Many of our patients can ‘t afford to go to hospital,so we have to go to them..
我们大多数病人不能到医院看病，所以我们不得不去他们那儿。
6.By training them,we hope to help more people.
通过训练他们，我们希望帮助更多的人。
7.During my last visit,150 patients were operated on..
在我们上次采访期间，150个病人被动了手术。
8.But more money is needed to carry on with our work.
但是需要更多的钱了，来继续我们的工作。
9.How long have you felt like this ?
你感觉这样已有多长时间？
10.so she made up her mind to train as a nurse and attended courses after work..
所以她决定当一名护士并且下班后学习课程。
11.She is used to travelling by plane.
他习惯于坐飞机旅行。
【重点语法】
一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态
英语中共有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式。一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。汉语往往用“被”“受”“给”“由”等词表示被动意义。如：
Millie(主语)cleans(谓语)the room(宾语)every day.（主动）
动作执行者 动作 动作承受者
The room(主语)is cleaned(谓语)by Millie every day.（被动）
动作承受者 动作 动作执行者
1．被动语态的用法
(1)当动作的执行者泛指或不言自明时，用被动语态。这时一般不需要by结构。如：
Word processing skills are taught in our computer
lessons.在我们的电脑课上传授文字处理技术。
(2)当不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者时，用被动语态。如：
Some new computers in our school were stolen last
night.昨天夜里我们学校里的一些新电脑被偷了。
(3)突出或强调动作的承受者时用被动语态。如果需要说出动作的执行者，用by结构。如：
The window was broken by Mike窗户被迈克打破了。
2．被动语态的构成
被动语态的构成形式是“be动词+及物动词的过去分词”。人称、数和时态的变化通过be动词的变化表现出来。
一般现在时的被动语态构成：am／is/are+及物动词的过去分词。如：
Visitors are requested not to touch the machines.
参观者们被要求不要触摸机器。
一般过去时的被动语态构成：was/were+及物动词的过去分词。如：
Millie was invited to Kate's birthday party last week.
上周米莉被邀请参加凯特的生日聚会。
3．主动语态变被动语态的方法
先把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语，再把谓语变为被动结构(be+动词的过去分词)，最后把主动语态的主语放在介词by后面作宾语，将主格变为宾格。如：
Her mother cooks meals at home.
→ Meals are cooked by her mother at home.
家里的饭菜是她母亲做的。
4．主动语态变被动语态需要注意的问题：
(1)谓语动词的时态要与原句时态一致。如：
I bought a new bike.（改为被动语态）
我买了一辆新自行车。
误：A new bike is bought by me.
正：A new bike was bought by me
(2)含有双宾语的主动句变为被动句时，可以分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个不变。一般变间接宾语为主语。如：
My uncle gave me a present on my birthday.
→ I was given a present (by my uncle) on my birthday．
我叔叔在我生日时给了我一个礼物。
如果把直接宾语（指物）改为主语，要在间接宾语（指人）前加适当的介词to或for。如上句还可说：
A present was given to me (by my uncle) on my birthday．
注意：动词bring，give，lend，offer，pass，show，teach，tell等后面的间接宾语前常用介词to．动词buy, cook, get, keep, make, order, play, sing等后面的间接宾语前常用介词for。如：
My bike was lent to her.我的自行车借给她了。
A new shirt was made for me by Mum.
妈妈给我做了一件新衬衫。
5．在主动语态中以省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的，改为被动语态时不能省略to(要把to补充出来)。如：
I often see him play basketball in the playground.
→ He is often seen to play basketball (by me) in the playground.
我经常看见他在操场上打篮球。
写在最后：
期待在下方留言“每日打卡”，让我看到你们的坚持！
转发，是最好的支持
学习之路，现在开始也不晚!