预习！牛津译林版英语八下 Unit 8（单词听力/课文听力/课文翻译/知识梳理）,提前收藏！
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8B Unit 8 单词
单词
dig [dɪg] 挖（洞，沟等）
serious [ sɪərɪəs] 认真的，严肃的
breadfruit 面包果
reduce [rɪˈdjuːs] 减少，降低
turn off [ˈtɜːnɒf] 关掉（开关），切断
recycle [riː saɪkl] 回收利用，循环利用
cause [kɔːz] 导致，造成
wise [waɪz] 明智的，充满智慧的
plastic [ plæstɪk] 塑料
separate [ˈsepərət] 分开，隔开
recycling 回收利用，循环利用
allow [ə laʊ] 允许
cut down [ kʌtdaʊn] 砍倒
punish [ˈpʌnɪʃ] 处罚，惩罚
fine [faɪn] 罚款 adj.美好(优秀)的
limit [ˈlɪmɪt] 限制
depend [dɪˈpend] 依靠，依赖，指望
depend on/upon 依靠；取决于
rich [rɪtʃ] 丰富的；富有的
resource 资源
wisely 明智地，充满智慧地
run out 用完，耗尽
produce [prə djuːs] 导致，产生
difference [ dɪfərəns] 差异，不同（之处）
make a difference (to sb/sth) （对…）有影响，起作用
display [dɪ spleɪ] 展示；陈列
pollute [pə luːt] 污染
harm [hɑːm] 伤害；损害
living [ˈlɪvɪŋ] 活着的，活的
survey [sɜː veɪ] 调查
empty [ empti] 空的
dust [dʌst] 灰尘，尘土
harmful [ˈhɑːmfʊl] 有害的
soil [sɔɪl] 土壤
in place 在正确位置
coal [kəʊl] 煤
oil [ɔɪl] 石油；原油；食用油
gas [ɡæs] 气体；煤气
form [fɔːm] 形成
carelessly [/ˈk eəlɪslɪ] 满不在乎地；粗心地
reuse [riːˈjuːz] 再使用
simple [ˈsɪmp(ə)l] 简单的
step [step] 步骤
power [ˈpaʊdə] 电力；力量
课文
Comic strip– What are you going to do, Hobo?
霍波，你要去做什么？
– Plant trees.
种树。
– Will more trees be planted this year?
今年要种更多的树吗？
– Yes. Trees are good for us.
是的。树对我们很有益。
– OK. I’ll go with you, I like digging in the garden.
好的。我跟你一起去。我喜欢在花园里挖洞。
– Are you serious?
你是认真的吗？
– Sure, I’ll plant breadfruit trees. Breadfruit … Yummy!
当然。我要种面包果树。面包果……好吃！
Welcome to the unit– What should we do to live a green life, class?
同学们，对绿色生活我们应该做些什么呢？
– My dad used to drive me to school, but now we take the underground.More and more families own cars and this causes serious air pollution.
我的爸爸以前常常开车送我去上学，但是现在我们坐地铁了。越来越多的家庭拥有汽车，导致严重的空气污染。
– I agree. It’s wise for people to choose public transport or ride bicycles.
我同意。人们选择公共交通或骑自行车是很明智的。
– I think we can take shorter showers to save water.
我认为我们应该缩短淋浴时间，以节约用水。
– Yes. And we should remember to turn off the lights when we leave a room.
是的。另外当我们离开房间的时候，应该记得关灯。
ReadingI love Switzerland. It is a country with high mountains and clean blue lakes.It is beautiful, and we should try to keep it that way.
我喜欢瑞士。这是一个有着高山和干净湛蓝的湖水的国家。它很美丽，我们应该尽力让它一直保持那样。In Switzerland, things like glass, plastic and paper are separated into different groups and then recycled.Even old clothes and shoes can be recycled. I learnt about an organization for recycling clothes.It collects old clothes from all over the country. Some of the clothes are sold in charity shops, some are given to the poor, and others are sent to factories for recycling.My family and I often send our old jeans and T-shirts to this organization.
在瑞士，玻璃、塑料和纸张被分成不同组并被回收。甚至旧衣服和鞋子也被回收。我了解到有一个组织回收衣服。它从全国各地收集旧衣服，一些衣服放在慈善店出售，一些分给穷人，还有一些则被运去工厂循环再生。我的家人和我常常将我们的旧牛仔裤和T恤送去这个组织。Our government has many laws to protect the environment.For example, we are not allowed to cut down trees.Otherwise, we will be punished. If we drop litter in a public place, we will be fined by the police. There arealso laws to limit air and water pollution.
我们的政府有很多保护环境的法律。例如，我们不允许砍伐树木。否则，我们会受到处罚。如果我们在公共场合乱扔垃圾，我们会被警察罚款。同样还有法律来限制空气和水污染。
大自然是我们最大的财富。我们依靠其丰富的资源生存，所以要理智地保护它，这一点很重要。幸运的是，我们开始利用太阳能、风能和水能。这些新型能源不仅成本低廉，而且用之不尽。更重要的是，它们不产生污染。Today is 5 June, World Environment Day. What have you done for the environment? Remember that everyone cando something to make a difference!
今天是6月5日，世界环境日。你为环境做了些什么？记住，每个人都可以做点（对保护环境）有益的事！Integrated skillsA1
Sandy: Hi, Daniel. I’m really glad that we’re going to do this survey on students’ daily habits.
Daniel: Me too. How many students are going to take part in the survey?
Sandy: Fifty, 25 boys and 25 girls. The survey is going to be carried out at 4 p.m. this Wednesday. We’d better arrive a little earlier, say, 3:40.
Daniel: OK, 3:40. Room 201, right?
Sandy: Yes. We have six questions this time. I hope all the students can give clear answers.
Daniel: I think they will.
A2
Daniel: What are the results of the survey?
Sandy: Let’s see. Thirty-five students turn off the tap when they brush their teeth, but only 20 students usually take showers for less than ten minutes.
Daniel: Forty students use both sides of the paper. This will help save trees.
Sandy: Only 15 students recycle empty bottles. That’s not many.
Daniel: But look at this, Sandy. Forty-one students always turn off the lights when they leave a room.
Sandy: That’s great! Oh, only nine students take their own bags to the supermarket.
Daniel: Well, maybe we can talk about that in our presentation.
Sandy: Good idea!
Speak up– Pollution has become a serious problem all around the world.
污染已经成为一个全球性的严重问题。
– Yes, I agree. We should try our best to protect the environment.
是的，我同意。我们应该尽最大的努力来保护环境。
– What can we do?
我们能做什么？
– We can plant more trees. I think our town will look nicer with more trees around.
我们可以种更多的树。我认为周围有了更多的树，我们的城镇会更美丽。
– Good idea. Trees reduce dust and help keep the air clean. Air pollution is harmful to our health.
好主意。树木可以减少尘土，并帮助保持空气清新。大气污染对我们的健康有害。
– Right. Trees also help keep soil in place during storms.
是的。树木可以帮助在沙尘暴中固定水土。
– Yes. They provide home for animals too.
是的。他们也给动物们提供了住所。
【重点词组】
1.plant trees 种树
2.be good for... 对……有好处
3.reduce air pollution 减少空气污染
4.save water 节约用水
5.take shorter showers 缩短洗澡时间
6.turn off the lights 关灯
7.protect the environment by recycling waste
通过回收利用废品来保护环境
8.live a green life 过着环保的生活
9.used to 曾经
10.drive me to school 开车送我去上学
11.take the underground 乘地铁
12.cause serious air pollution
引起严重的空气污染
13.choose public transport
选择公共交通
14.a country with high mountains and clean blue lakes
一个有着青山和干净蓝色湖泊的国家
15.keep it that way 保持原样
16.be separated into different groups
被分为不同的族群
17.learn about an organization for recycling clothes
了解一个回收服装的组织
18.collect old clothes from all over the country
从全国各地收集旧衣服
19.be sold in charity shops
放在慈善店出售
20.be given to the poor 被送给穷人
21.be sent to factories for recycling
被送到工厂回收利用
22.have many laws to do
有许多法律来做某事
23.for example 例如
24.be not allowed to cut down trees
不被允许砍伐树木
25.drop litter in a public place
在公共场合丢垃圾
26.be fined by the police
被警察罚款
27.limit air and water pollution
限制空气和水污染
28.our greatest treasure
我们最大的财富
29.depend on 依靠
30.rich resources 丰富的资源
31.use energy from the sun, wind and water
使用来自太阳、风和水的能源
32.these new types of energy
这些新型能源
33.cost very little 花费很少
34.run out 用完
35.produce little pollution
几乎不产生污染
36.World Environment Day
世界环境日
37.do ... for the environment
为环境做某事
38.do something to make a difference
做点事情以起到作用
39.cause a result
导致一个结果
40.be used up 被用完
41.do something wrong 做错事
42.something used 用过的东西
43.so that 为了
44.set up 成立
45.protect nature 保护自然
46.my online friend 我的网友
47.keep their country clean
保持他们的国家干净
48.do with 处理
49.sound like a good idea
听起来像是一个好主意
50.in the town square
在小镇广场
51.at the town hall
在小镇礼堂
52.be invited to the show
被邀请到这个展览
53.at the show 在演出中
54.videos about the past and present of Sunshine town
有关阳光镇现在和过去的视频
55.one of the biggest problems
最大的问题之一
56.be thrown into lakes and rivers
被扔到河里和湖里
57.be filled with 被填满
58.in the future 在将来
59.clean up 清理干净
60.as well as 也；和……一样
61.act to improve the environment
采取行动改善环境
62.living things 有生命的东西
63.some good news 好消息
64.have a chance to do 有机会做某事
65.on that day 在那天
66.work together 一起工作
67.make the world a better place
使这个世界更好
68.turn off the tap 关水龙头
69.brush teeth 刷牙
70.take showers for less than 10 minutes
洗澡不超过10 分钟
71.use both sides of the paper 用纸的两面
72.recycle empty bottles 回收空瓶子
73.take their own bags to the supermarket
自己带袋子去超市
74.do a survey 调查
75.be asked about their daily habits
被问及他们的日常习惯
76.the results of ……的结果
77.look nicer with more trees around
有更多的树看起来更好
78.reduce dust 减少灰尘
79.be harmful to our health
对健康有害
80.keep soil in place
保护土壤不流失
81.not only... but (also)...
不但……而且……
82.be dug up from the ground
被从地里挖出
83.as a result 结果
84.if possible 如果可能
85.some simple steps to take
一些简单的措施可以采取
86.in use 使用
87.change for the worse
变得越来越糟
88.in order to save power
为了节省能源
89.a good way to do...
……的好办法
90.develop a green lifestyle
形成环保的生活方式
91.do more exercise 做更多的运动
92.watch less TV 少看电视
【重点句型】
1.Treat something used so that it can be used again.
处理用过的东西以便它能够被再次利用。
2. Pollution is one of the biggest problems in the world today.
污染是当今世界上最大的问题之一。
3. Here are the results of the survey.
这儿是调查结果。
4. Coal, oil and natural gas is not only useful for families, but have a wider use for factories.
煤炭、石油和天然气不仅仅对我们家庭有用，而且还在工厂中有着更广泛的用途。
5. In order to save power, we should turn off the lights when we leave a room.
为了节约能源，我们离开房间时应关掉电灯。
【重点语法】
一般将来时被动语态
一、构成 学习一般将来时的被动语态，首先应掌握其各种结构形式。
1．肯定式will（shall）＋be＋动词的过去分词
2．否定式will（shall）＋not＋be＋动词的过去分词
3．疑问式Will（Shall）＋主语＋be＋动词的过去分词？
简略回答Yes，主语＋will（shall）．No，主语＋won't（shan't）．
现在，请看实例：
肯定句：A new stadium will be put up here．
否定句：A new stadium will not（won't）be put up here．
疑问句及简略回答：
--Will a new stadium be put up here？
--Yes，it will．／No，it won't．
二、其他结构
表示将来意义的被动结构还有：
1．be going to be done；
2．be to be done；
3．will（shall）＋get ＋done等。
例如： Some old buildings are going to be put down．
The 29th Olympic Games is to be held in Beijing in 2008．
The workers will get paid before the end of December．
同学们也要注意这些结构的否定式、疑问式等。例如：
These trees are not going to be cut down．
Are these trees going to be cut down？
Yes，they are．
The machines are not to be repaired tonight．
Are they to be repaired tomorrow？
Yes，they are．
三、注意事项
使用一般将来时的被动语态时，应注意以下两点：
1．在时间、条件状语从句中，应使用现在时表示将来时。同样，应使用现在时的被动语态表示将来时的被动语态。例如：He says he will leave the company if he is punished for this．
2．使用一般将来时被动语态时，学生易遗漏被动式中的be。例如：
【误】A new film will shown at the cinema next week．
【正】A new film will be shown at the cinema next week.
【误】Is this bridge going to completed before the end of this year？
【正】Is this bridge going to be completed before the end of this year？
四、基本结构
shall/will + be + done
写在最后：
期待在下方留言“每日打卡”，让我看到你们的坚持！
转发，是最好的支持
学习之路，现在开始也不晚!