新人教版高中英语必修二知识清单，非常全面！（预习必看）
新人教版高中英语必修一知识清单，非常全面！（新高一预习必看）
Unit 1
***知识清单***
一、重点单词
1.former adj 以前的；（两者中）前者的
《1》前者......后者......the former … the latter…
★ 我赞成前一个观点而他支持后一个。
I’m in favor of the former opinion while he is in support of the latter one.
2.preserve vt.保存；保护；维持；n.保护区
《1》保护......免受......preserve… from/against doing sth
《2》保存完好的 well-preserved
★ 保护环境免受污染至关重要。
It is highly important to preserve the environment from being polluted.
☞ preservaton n.保护
3.promote vt.促进；提升；推销；晋级
《1》促进和平 promote peace
《2》得到晋升 get promoted
★由于缺乏专业知识，他没有得到提升。
He failed to get promoted for lack of professional knowledge.
☞ promotion n.提升，促销
4.application 申请表；用途；运用；应用（程序）
《1》求职信 A job application (letter)
《2》申请信，求职信 A letter of application
《3》向......提出申请
→ apply to sb for sth
→ make an application to sb for sth
《4》致力于 apply oneself/one’s mind to doing sth
★你只有专心学习，才会通过考试。
You will pass the exam only if you really apply yourself to your study.
☞ apply v.运用，应用
5.banace n.平衡；均匀 vt. 使平衡
《1》保持平衡 keep balance
《2》保持均衡的饮食 keep a balanced diet
《3》失去平衡: lose one’s balance / out of balance
《5》使A和B平衡 keep a balance between A and B
《6》总的来说 On balance
6.proposal n.提议；建议
《1》提出建议make/put forward a proposal
《2》同意、接受提议 approve of/accept a proposal
★ 他们都同意我的建议，我们分摊计程车费。
They all agreed to my proposal that we should share in the taxi fare
☞ propose v. 建议，提议
7.likely adj.可能的；adv.可能地
《1》很可能做某事......be likely to do sth
《2》很可能...... it’s likely that ...
★ 如果专心学习，他很可能成功。
He is likely to succeed if he concentrates on his study.
8.contribute vi. 捐献；捐助
☞ contribution n. 捐款；贡献；捐赠
《1》为......做出贡献；向......捐款:
→ contribute ... to …
→ make a contribution to …
《2》促成；造成
→ contribute to ...
→ lead to ...
→ result in ...
9. attempt n/vt. 企图；试图；尝试
《1》企图、试图做某事:
→ attempt to do sth;
→ make attempt to do sth/at doing sth;
→ in an attempt to do sth
《2》在某人第一次尝试时 at one’s first attempt
10. worthwhile adj.值得做的；值得花时间的
《1》值得做:
→ be worth doing
→ be worthwhile to do/doing
→ be worthy to be done/of being done
《2》值得参观:
→ be worth visiting
→ worthy to be visited
→ worthy of being visited
11. entrance n.入口；进入
《1》在......的入口 at the entrance to...
《2》问题的答案 the answer to the question
《3》问题的解决方法: the solution to the problem
☞ enter v. 进入
12.forgive vt/vi. (forgave forgiven)原谅；宽恕 vt. 对不起；请原谅
《1》宽恕某人某事: forgive sb sth
《2》因为......原谅某人 forgive sb for…
《3》因为某事而惩罚某人: punish sb for sth
13. quality n.质量；品质；素质；特征 adj.优质的；高质量的
《1》空气质量: air quality
《2》教育质量: the quality of education
《3》质量好（上乘）be of high/good quality
《4》质量次（差） be of low/poor quality
《5》优质商品 goods of high quality
☞ quantity n. 数量
14.opinion n. 意见；想法；看法
《1》在某人看来
in one’s opinion/view
《2》在作者看来
in the author’s opinion
《3》就......发表意见
give/express one’s opinions on
《4》对......评价好/不好/高/低
have a good/bad/high/low opinion of…
《5》你认为......怎么样？
what’s your opinion of…?
15.contrast n.对比；对照
《1》与此相反；比较起来 in contrast
《2》相比之下；与之相比 by contrast
《3》与......形成对比；与......相比
→ in contrast with/to
→ By contrast with/to
二、重点词语
1.take part in......参与（某事）；参加(某活动)
《1》参加体育和户外活动
take part in sports and outdoor activities
《2》参军/入团 join the army/the league
《3》听报告 attend a lecture
《4》在......中扮演(......)角色；对......起(......)作用 play a (...) part in ...
2.give way to 让步；屈服
《1》放弃吸烟 give up smoking
《2》泄露；赠送，分发 give away
《3》用完；耗尽；分发；散发 give out
《4》发出，放出（光、热、气味等）give off
3.lead to... 导致......；通向......
《1》引发抗议: lead to protest
《2》导致；引起......
→ result in ...
→ bring about ...
→ contribute to ...
4.turn to... 向......求助
《1》向某人求助 turn to sb for help
《2》调高（音量等）；出现，到来: turn up
《3》调低（音量等）；拒绝: turn down
《4》打开（水、煤气、电灯等）: turn on
《5》关掉（水、煤气、电灯等）: turn off
《6》结果是，证明是; turn out...
5.prevent … from… 阻止；不准......
《1》阻止某人做某事
prevent/stop/keep sb from doing sth
《2》被阻止做某事
be kept/prevented/stopped from doing sth
★ 什么也不能阻止我们保卫我们的国家。
Nothing could prevent us from defending our country.
6.向......捐赠......(=contribute… to….)
《1》Last year he donated $1000 to cancer research.
《2》What we could do is to donate (donate) some money to them.
三、重点句型
1.there comes a time when ...
课本原句
《1》There comes a time when the old must give way to the new.
句式改写
《2》这、那、它是一个......的时期
This//that/it is/was a time when ...
《3》曾经有一段时间
There was a time when ...
★ 曾经有一段时间我和同班同学相处得很不好。
There was a time when I was getting along badly with my classmates.
2.not only …but also…
not only 置于句首，句子倒装
课本原句
《1》Not only had the countries found a path..but they had also learn that…
句式改写
★ 他不但学习刻苦，而且很聪明（用倒装句）
Not only does he work hard, but also he is very clever.
3.suggest that … should do...
课本原句
《1》在她结束讲话之前，这位科学家建议我们成立一个专家委员会......
Before he entered her speech, the scientist suggested that we need to establish a committee of experts …
句式改写
★ 她建议我们在那家新开的餐馆吃午餐。
She suggested that we should have lunch at the new resturant.
4.It is said that ... 据说...
课本原句
《1》据说这是一面明镜，可以分辨是非！
It is said that it’s a mirror that can tell right from wrong.
句式改写
《2》据报道：It is reported that
《3》人们认为：It is considered that
《4》人们相信：It is believed that
《5》有人建议：It is suggested that
Unit 2
***知识清单***一、词形转换
1.threat n．威胁
→threaten vt.威胁；危及
2.hunt v．打猎；搜寻；追捕
→ hunter n．猎人
3.rate n．速度；(比)率 vt.划分等级
→rating n．等级；级别
4.extinct adj.已灭绝的
→extinction n．灭绝
5.press vt.压；按
→pressure n．压力；要求
6.concern n．担心；关心 vt.让……担忧；涉及
→concerned adj.担心的；关切的
7.legal adj.法律的；合法的
→illegal adj.不合法的；非法的
→illegally adv.不合法地；非法地
8.alarm vt.使害怕；使惊恐；使担心 n．警报；恐慌；警报器
→alarming adj.惊人的；使人惊恐的
→alarmed adj.担心的；害怕的
9.intend vi.& vt.打算；计划；想要
→intention n．打算；目的
10.exist vi.存在；生存
→existence n．存在；生存
二、重点单词和短语
rate n．速度；(比)率 vt.划分等级；评价；评估
①Most people walk at an average rate of 5 kilometres an hour.n.速度
②The birth rate of that country is reducing.n.(比)率
③China and India are rated as the most attractive markets now.v.评价，看作
reserve n．(动植物)保护区；储藏(量)vt.预订；预留；保留
①These seats are reserved for the elderly and women with babies.vt.预留
②I'd like to reserve a table for three for eight o'clock.vt.预订
③We set up a wildlife reserve to protect endangered elephants.n.保护区
die out灭绝；逐渐消失；逐渐熄灭
[例1] With society developing，many old customs are dying out.
随着社会的发展，许多古老的风俗在逐渐消失。
[例2] With the living environment becoming worse and worse，many of the earth's species are dying out.
随着生存环境变得越来越糟，地球上的很多物种正在消失。
[造句]一旦大火熄灭，救援队就会马上进入。
Once the fire has died out，the rescue team will move in immediately.
[知识拓展]
die away 逐渐减弱，逐渐模糊，逐渐消失
die down 逐渐降低，逐渐平息
die off 相继死去
die of 死于(内因)
die from 死于(外因)
die for 为……而死
alarming adj.惊人的；使人惊恐的
[例1] It is true that the earth's resources are running out at an alarming rate，so we should make good use of them.
的确，地球资源正以惊人的速度耗尽，所以我们应该好好利用它们。
[例2] This idea seems to become less alarming.
这个想法似乎就变得不那么可怕了。
[造句]人口正以惊人的速度下降。
The population is dropping at an alarming rate.
[知识拓展]
(1)alarm vt. 使惊恐；使害怕；使担心 n. 警报；恐慌
in alarm 惊恐地
(2)alarmed adj.惊恐的；忧虑的
be alarmed at/by...对……大为惊慌
be alarmed to do...做……感到恐慌
We were alarmed at the alarming scream as the scream did alarm us.
我们被那令人惊恐的尖叫声吓了一跳，因为那叫声的确使我们感到惊恐。
aware of... 意识到......；知道......
We must make people aware of the problem and help the endangered wildlife before it's too late！我们必须让人们意识到这个问题，并及时帮助……濒危野生动物！
[例1] In conclusion，people around the world should be well aware of the real situation of water shortage.
总之，全世界的人们都应该清楚地知道水资源短缺的真实情况。
[例2] The failure made me aware of my own shortcomings.
这次失败使我意识到了我自己的缺点。
[造句]每个人都意识到了污染的严重性。
Everybody is aware of the seriousness of pollution.
[知识拓展]
(1)be/become aware of...对……知道；明白；意识到
be/become aware that... 知道/体会到……
as/so far as I am aware 据我所知
make sb.aware of... 使某人意识到……
(2)awareness n. 意识；认识
develop an awareness of... 形成……的意识
raise awareness 提高意识
她还没意识到她做错了。
→She was not aware of having done wrong．
→She was not aware that she had done wrong．
→She was not aware of what she had done was wrong．
[名师点津]
(1)aware后跟名词性从句时，一般从句前不能用of，但在what从句前必须用of。
(2)修饰aware可用well，much，very much，fully，但不用very。
(3)be aware后一般不接不定式。
average adj.平均的；正常的；普通的 n．平均水平；平均数
How many elephants are killed on average every day？
平均每天有多少头大象被杀？
[例1] He is working hard and his grades are above the average in his class.
他学习刻苦，成绩在班里高于平均水平。
[例2] The average of 3，8 and 10 is 7.
3，8，10的平均数为7。
[造句]每个班平均有10名学生未通过考试。
An average of ten students haven't passed the exam in each class.
[知识拓展]
(1)on (the)average 平均来看
above (the)average 高于平均水平
below (the)average 低于平均水平
(2)an average of... 平均有……(后跟数词)
the average of... ……的平均数
The temperature now is below average．
此时的气温低于平均水平。
concerned about... 对……关切的；为……担忧的
I'm concerned about the African elephants.
我很担心非洲大象。
[例1] She is concerned about/for her son's future.
她担忧她儿子的未来。
[例2] You will tell your friend that you are concerned about him and you will meet after class and talk then.
你会告诉你的朋友你很关心他，下课后你们会见面交谈。
[造句]我们都担心她的安全。
We are all concerned about her safety.
[知识拓展]
(1)concern vt. (使)担忧；涉及；关系到 n. 担心；关注；(利害)关系
show concern for 关心
(2)concerned adj. 担心的；关注的
as/so far as...be concerned 关于；至于；就……而言
be concerned with sth. 牵涉到；与……有关
(3)concerning prep. 关于
The story concerns the prince's efforts to rescue Pamina.He was concerned that she might miss the turning and get lost.All the difficulties concerning Pamina were solved by the prince.这故事讲的是王子奋力解救帕米娜。他担心她可能会错过转弯的地方而迷路。所有与帕米娜有关的难事都由王子解决。
adapt vi.适应 vt.使适应；使适合；改编
Elephants need large living spaces，so it's difficult for them to adapt to the changes.
大象需要很大的生存空间，所以它们很难适应变化。
[例1] Not only has she adapted (herself)to the fast rhythm of city life，but she is becoming more and more outgoing.
她不仅已经适应了快节奏的城市生活，而且变得越来越开朗。
[例2] After graduation from college，I gradually adapted myself to living on my own.
大学毕业后，我逐渐适应了独立生活。
[造句]据说这部新影片是根据一本小说改编的。
This new film is said to be adapted from a novel.
[知识拓展]
(1)adapt to 适合，适应
adapt oneself to 使自己适应
adapt...to... 使……适应……
adapt...for... 将……改编为……
adapt sth. from sth. 根据……改编……
(2)adaptable adj. 能适应的；可修改的
(3)adaptation n. 改编本；适应
[名师点津]
adapt (oneself)to中的to为介词，其后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。
The children are finding it hard to adapt to their new surroundings.
孩子发觉很难适应新环境。
measure n．措施；方法 vt.测量；度量；估量
What measures are being taken to help them?
正在采取什么措施来帮助它们呢？
[例1] The room measures 10 metres across.
这个房间宽十米。
[例2] Education shouldn't be measured purely by examination results.
教育不应该仅仅用考试结果来衡量。
[造句]你们应该采取有效措施来改善你们的工作环境。
You should take effective measures to improve your working conditions．
[知识拓展]
(1)take measures/steps to do sth. 采取措施做某事
made to measure 量身定制的
(2)measure sth. by sth. 用某物来衡量某物
[名师点津]
measure表示“量度为”时，是系动词，后跟测量结果，不用于被动语态及进行时。类似用法的单词还有weigh。
Think about measures of measuring the weight of the elephant.
思考测量大象重量的办法。
observe vt.观察到；注视；看到；注意到；遵守(规则、法律等)；庆祝
This is why we're here—to observe Tibetan antelopes.
这就是我们来这里的原因——观察藏羚羊。
[例1]As a middle school student，he should observe the school rules and traffic regulations.
作为一个中学生，他应该遵守校规和交通规则。
[例2]I observed that several students were asleep in class.
我注意到有几个学生在课堂上睡着了。
[造句]全世界的中国人都庆祝春节。
Chinese all over the world observe the Spring Festival.
[知识拓展]
(1)observe sb. do sth.观察到某人做了某事
observe sb. doing sth.观察到某人正在做某事
observe＋that从句 发现……
(2)observation n. 观察，观测
[名师点津]
表示“注意到，看到”，后面接复合宾语，其中用动词不定式和v.ing形式作宾语补足语，但动词不定式作宾语补足语时，要省略动词不定式符号to，强调动作发生的全过程，但用于被动语态时，不定式符号to不可省略；v.ing形式作宾语补足语时，强调动作正在进行。
When we attend the parade to observe the National Day，we must observe the traffic regulations.If we observe someone run a red light，we should stop him.
当我们参加游行庆祝国庆节的时候，我们必须遵守交通规则。如果我们看到有人闯红灯，我们就要阻止他。
remind vt.提醒；使想起
I'm also reminded of the danger they are in.
我也意识到了它们所处的危险。
[例1]I don't want them to remind me of her.
我不想因它们而想起她来。
[例2]Reminded not to drive after drinking，some drivers are still trying their luck，which is really dangerous.
尽管被提醒不要酒后驾车，一些司机仍然心存侥幸，这十分危险。
[造句]这些老照片使我想起了我在农村度过的那些日子。
These old photos reminded me of the days I spent in the countryside.
[知识拓展]
remind sb. of sth.提醒某人某事；使某人想起某事
remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事
remind sb. that... 使某人想起……；提醒某人……
intend v．计划；打算；想要
The government，however，does not intend to stop the protection programmes，since the threats to the Tibetan antelope have not yet disappeared.然而，政府并没有打算停止这些保护项目，因为对藏羚羊的威胁依然存在。
[例1]The meeting is intended to deal with some important problems.
开这个会的目的是想解决一些重要问题。
[例2]I had intended to watch the game，but I had something more important to do.
＝I intended to have watched the game，but I had something more important to do.
我本打算看这场比赛，但是有更重要的事要做。
[造句]女朋友和我打算明年结婚。
My girlfriend and I intend to get married next year.
[知识拓展]
(1)intend doing/to do sth.打算做某事
intend sb. to do sth. 打算让某人做某事
(2)be intended to do... 为了做……
be intended for... 专门为……而设计的；专供……使用的
(3)had intended to do sth.＝intended to have done sth. 本打算做某事(但没有做)
(4)intention n. 打算；计划
have intention of doing...打算做……
The water is not intended for drinking.
这是非饮用水。
I intend you to take over the business.
我打算让你来接管生意。
三、重点句型
This is why...“这就是……的原因”。
This is why we're here—to observe Tibetan antelopes.
这就是我们来这里的原因——观察藏羚羊。
[句式分析]
This is why...这就是……的原因。此处why引导表语从句。
[例1]Tom was ill.That was why he came late for the meeting.
汤姆病了。那就是他开会迟到的原因。
[例2]I've got a cold，that is why I wouldn't like to have a meal.
我感冒了，那就是我不想吃饭的原因。
[造句]这就是为什么我写信要求做一名志愿者。
This is why I am writing this letter asking to be a volunteer.
[知识拓展]
(1)That/This is/was why...
这就是为什么……(why从句表示结果)
(2)That/This is/was because...
这是因为……(because从句表示原因)
(3)The reason why...is/was that...
……的原因是……(表语从句常用that引导，而不用because)
①The reason why he wasn't admitted into a key university was that his grades were too low．
他没有被重点大学录取的原因是他的分数太低。
②Tom came late for the meeting.That was because he was ill．
汤姆开会迟到了。那是因为他病了。
only修饰状语位于句首，用部分倒装。
Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.
只有学会和大自然和谐共处，我们才不会成为野生生物和地球的威胁。
[句式分析]
only修饰状语从句放在句首时主句须部分倒装。
[例1] Only in this way can you work out the problem.
只有这样，你才能算出这道题来。
[例2] Only if he gets a job can he have enough money to continue his studies at college.
他只有找到工作才能有足够的钱继续大学的学业。
[造句]只有到那时我才意识到我做错了。
Only then did I realize that I had done wrong.
[知识拓展]
only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句置于句首时，主句要用部分倒装，即把句子谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词be放在主语之前。
[名师点津]
若only修饰主语，即使在句首也不倒装。
①Only in this way can young people learn how to observe excellent traditions.
只有这样年轻人才能学会如何遵守优良的传统。
②Only when he returned home was he aware of what had happened.
当他回到家里时，才知道出了什么事。
③Only by practising papercutting more can you learn the folk art.
只有通过多练习剪纸，你才能掌握这门民间艺术。
Watching them move slowly across the green grass，I was struck by their beauty.
分析：本句是一个简单句。watching them move slowly across the green grass在句中作状语。
译文：看着它们慢慢地穿过绿色的草地，我被它们的美丽所打动。
he government，however，does not intend to stop the protection programmes，since the threats to the Tibetan antelope have not yet disappeared.
[分析] 本句是一个主从复合句，since引导的是一个原因状语从句。
[译文] 然而，政府并没有打算停止这些保护项目，因为对藏羚羊的威胁依然存在。
Unit 3
Unt 3 The Internet
一、词汇变换
1.blog (n.) 博客 vt.写博客
→ blogger （n）. 博客作者，博主
2. engine (n.) 引撃;发动机;火车头
→ engineer (n). 工程师
→ engineering (n). 工程，工程学
3.identity (n.) 身份，个性
→ identify （v）确定，鉴定，识别，辨认出
4. convenient (adj.) 方便的，便利的
→ convenience (n). 便利，方便
5. access (n.) 通道;(vt).进入;使用;获取
→ accessible (adj). 易接近的；可进入的；可理解的
6. function (n.) 功能;作用;机能 (vi.)起作用
→ functional (adj.) 功能的
7.confirm (v). 确认，事确信
→ confirmation (n). 确认，证实，证明
8.privacy (n). 隐私，私密
→ private( adj). 私有的，私人的，私立的
→ privately( adv).
9.particular (adj.). 特定的，特别的，讲究的
→ particularly (adv). 异乎寻常地；特别是；明确地
10.embarrassing (adj). 让人难堪(尴尬;害羞)的
→ embarrassed (adj.) adj. 尴尬的；窘迫的
→ embarrassment (n). 尴尬，窘迫
→ embarrass (v). 使尴尬，使窘迫
11.rude (adj) 粗鲁的，无礼的
→ rudeness (n). 无礼，野蛮
12.tough (adj.) 艰难的;严厉
→ toughness (n). 韧性；强健；有粘性
二、重点单词
1.chat vi. 聊天；闲聊
(1)谈论......；聊及..... chat about...
(2)闲聊事情、闲聊天气 chat about the affair/weather
(3)与......闲聊 chat with/to...
2.convenient adj. 方便的；近便的
(1)对某人来说方便 be convenient for sb
(2)离某物近 be convenient for /to sth
(3)（某人）做某事方便 It is convenient for sb to do sth
(4)某事对......来说是方便的 sth is convenient for sb/sth
Would it be convenient for you（对你来说方便） to pick me up at 8 o’clock at the airport?
3.stuck adj. 卡住；陷入；困于
(1)陷入......中，困在......中 get/be stuck in... =be trapped in ...
(2)遭遇交通阻塞 be stuck/caught/held up in the traffic.
4.benefit n. 益处 v.使....受益， 得益于......
(1)为了......的利益: for the benefit of=for one’s benefit
(2)对......有益: be of benefit to... =be beneficial to ...
(3)使某人受益: benefit sb
(4)从......中受益:benefit by/from...
(5)（非常有益）: of great benefit
5.distance n. 距离
(1)在远处: in the distance
(2)从远处，隔一段距离: at/from a distance
(3)隔......远的距离;at a distance of
(4)与某人保持距离: keep sb at a distance
(5)（与......）保持距离:keep one’s distance (from)
→ distant adj. 遥远的; 远处的
6.inspire vt. 鼓舞；激励；启发思考
(1)受......的鼓舞: be inspired by ...
(2)鼓励某人做某事:inspire sb to do sth
→ inspired adj. 受到鼓舞的
→ inspiring adj. 令人鼓舞的
→ inspiration n. 灵感; 启发灵感的人(或事物)
7.access n. 通道；（使用、查阅、接近或面见的）机会 vt. 进入；使用；获取；
(1)去......的通路: access to ...
(2)有权使用......；可以接近......have access to ...
(3)得到......的使用权；获得接近......的机会: gain/get access to ...
Nowadays everyone can have access to the information on the website.
→ be accessible to ...可以进入；可以使用:
8.function n.功能；作用；技能 vi.起作用；正常工作；运转
(1)......的功能 the function of ...
(2)起......作用；具有......功能 function as ...
这把椅子还可以兼做床用。
The chair can also function as a bed.
9.confirm vt.确认；使确信
(1)证实...... confirm that/wh-从句
(2)已经证实...... It has been confirmed that...
(3)使某人确信某事 confirm sb in sth
(4)任命某人担任某职位 confirm sb as sth
10.account n. 账户；描述
(1)开立账户 open an account
(2)描述...... give an account of...
(3)由于；因为...... on account of ...
11.rude adj. 粗鲁的；无礼的
(1)对某人粗鲁、无礼 be rude to sb...
(2)粗鲁的举止 rude behavior
(3)做某事是无礼的 It’s rude to do sth
12.particular adj.特定的；特别的；讲究的
(1)是......特有的 be particular to ...
(2)对......讲究，挑剔 be particular about/over sth
(3)尤其，特别，格外 in particular=particularly
The girl spends too much money on her clothes, for she is particular about her clothes.
13.upset adj. 心烦的；苦恼的；沮丧的 vt 使烦恼；使生气；搅乱
(1)为某事心烦意乱、不安 be upset about/by/at sth
(2)生某人的气 be upset with sb
(3)因......而心烦意乱、不安 be upset that ...
让汤姆感到沮丧的是我们忘记了他的生日。
Tom is upset about our forgetting his birthday.
=Tom is upset that we forgot his birthday.
=It upsets Tom that we forgot his birthday
14.familiar adj. 熟悉；熟知
(1)熟悉、通晓...... be familiar with...
(2)为......所熟悉 be familiar to...
15.case n. 盒；箱；情况；案件
(1)在多数情况 in most cases
(2)以防，万一 ... in case of ...
她不应该动，以免伤了脖子。
She should not move in case she injures her neck. (in case +句子)
三、重点短语
1.陪伴某人 keep sb company
有......为伴 have ...as company
和某人在一起 in one’s company
2.既然；由于 now that;
because; since; as
3.go through... 经历......；度过......；仔细检查
(1)经历很多困难 go through many difficulties
(2)仔细检查试卷 go through one’s papers
(3)完成任务 go through a task
4.in shape状况良好
(1)保持健康 keep/stay in shape
(2)处于良好状态 in good shape
5.keep track of... 掌握......的最新消息；了解......的动态
(1)不了解，与......失去联系 lose track of...
(2)了解......的情况 keep track of...
6.取笑......；戏弄......: make fun of... ;play a trick/tricks on ...
7.keep (...) in mind 牢记......
(1)记住 ......；将......记在心中 keep/bear in mind that
如果你把某事记在心里，那就意味着你记住了它。
If you keep something in mind, that means you remember it.
四、重点句型
1.take turns to do sth 轮流做某事
课本原句
<1>take turns （轮流）to ask each other about your online habits.
句式仿写
这种年轻的父母不得不轮流照看他们生病的孩子。
The young parents had to take turns to look after their sick baby.
2.too.....to....太......而不能（表示否定意义）
课本原句
1. Sometimes I’m too busy to go online.
句式仿写
这个问题太难了，无法回答。
The question is too difficult to answer.
他年纪太小，不能独自一个人去。
He is too young to go on his own.
3.whenever引导的状语从句
课本原句
You get a message whenever there has been an update.
句式仿写
我本来希望每当我处于困境，他都可以帮我。
I had hoped that he could help me whenever I was in trouble.
4.The more...., the more.....越......，就越......
课本原句
然而，你越有礼貌，你被攻击的可能性就越小。
However, the more polite you are , the less likely it is you will be attacked.
句式仿写
你练习得越多，理解的就越透彻。
The more you practice,the better you can understand.
一个人越博学，他通常就变得越谦虚。
The more learned a man is, the more modest he usually becomes.
Unit 4
Unit 4 History and Traditions
一、重点单词
puzzle n. 谜，智力游戏；疑问 vt. 迷惑；使困惑
1.不知如何是好，感到困惑；in a puzzle
2.解开谜团；solve a puzzle
3.带着疑惑的表情:wear a puzzled expression
4.令人费解的事实；a puzzling fact
Begingning a new life in a new place can be very puzzling.
belong vi. 应在（某处）；适应
归属感: a sense of belonging
这是谁的课本？
Who does this textbook belong to?
他是高尔夫球俱乐部的成员。
He belongs to the golf club.
温馨提示：belong to不用于进行时态也没有被动语态。类似用法的还有take place, occur, happen等。
defend v. 防御，保护，辩解，辩护
保卫......免受...... defend ... against/from...
→ defence n 防御；保卫
1.为保卫......；为......辩护 in defence of...
2.为某人辩护 in one’s defence
有什么论点能提出来为这个说法辩护？
What points can be raised in defence of this argument.
温馨提示：与defend ... from / against ... 用法类似的还有：prevent ... (from) ...; stop ... (from) ...; keep ... from ...; protect ... from / against ...等，在被动语态中from都不可省略。
surround vt.围绕；包围
1.用......包围...... surround...with…..
2.和......在一起，与......为伍: surround oneself with…..
→ surrounding 附近的，四周的
周围环境:surrounding environment
→ surroundings 环境（复数）
1.欣赏环境: enjoy/admire the surroundings
2.美丽的环境:beautiful surroundings
3.适应新环境:be/get used to the new surroundings.
evident adj. 明显的，显然的
她显然不开心。
It was evident that she was unhappy.
→ evidence n. 证据，根据，证明
1.寻找证据:look for/search for evidence
2.找到证据:find evidence
3（出庭）作证: give evidence
4.医学证据:medical evidence
5.有力的证据:strong evidence
6.一项证据:a piece of evidence
achievement n. 成就；成绩；达到
1.取的成就；make an achievment
2.某人在某方面的成就:one’s achievement in
3.在做某事方面取得成就: make an achievement in doing sth
4.伟大的、了不起的成就：a great /remarkable achievement
→ achieve vt. 实现；（经过努力）取得，达到
→ achievable adj. 可实现的，可达到的:
fascinating adj. 极有吸引力的；迷人的
1.迷人的地方；a fascinating place
2.引人入胜的故事: a fascinating story
3.看上去、听起来迷人:look/sound fascinating
4.令某人着迷: be fascinating to sb
5.看到不同的人怎样处理这个问题真是有趣极了。
It’s fascinating to see how different people approach the problem.
charge n.收费；指控；主管 vt. 收费；控告；充电
1.收他十美元修自行车费: charging him 10 dollars for repairing his bike.
2.指控他超速:charge him with speeding
3.免费: free of charge
请问我可以和国际销售部的负责人说话吗？
Could I speak to whoever is in charge of international sales, please.
你知道琳达是否愿意负责这个节目吗？
Do you know if Linda is willing to take charge of the program?
announce vt.宣布；通知；声称
1.向某人宣布..... .announce sth to sb
2.据宣布 it is announced that ...
3.正如宣布的那样 as is announced
At the end of the meeting, it was announced (announce) that an agreement had been reached.
→ announcement n. 通知，公告
官方公告: an official announcement
amount n. 金额；数量
1.大量地、少量地 in large/small amounts.
在这么短的时间内他几乎不能做完这些工作。
Hardly could he get through this amount of work in such short time.
A large amount of time has been spent in finishing this task so far.
approach n.方法；途径；接近 vt 接近；接洽；着手处理 vi 靠近
1.走近房子 approach the house
2.看到、听到......接近 see/hear sb/sth approaching
3.容易接近、难以接近 be easy/difficult to approach
4.处理问题 approach the problem/matter
5.......的来临 the approach of….
6.做某事的方法 an approach to doing sth
7.在快到......的时候 at the approach of...
温馨提示-表示“方法、方式”的短语荟萃：
approach to (doing) sth.
in this way to do/of doing sth.
with this method of doing sth.
in a...manner of doing sth.
generous adj.慷慨的；大方的；丰富的
1.对某人很慷慨be generous to
2.乐于做某事be generous in
3．在某方面很大方:be generous with sth
4.某人做某事真是慷慨。It is generous of sb to do sth.
没有你的慷慨帮忙，我不可能熬过那段痛苦的日子。
I couldn’t have gone through that bitter period without your generous help.
→ generously adv.慷慨大方地
→ generosity n. 慷慨；大方
eager adj. 热切的；渴望的
1.渴望做某事；be eager to do sth
2.渴望得到某事: be eager for sth
3.He’s a bright kind and eager to learn.
be eager that 希望；渴望。此时从句谓语一般用“should＋动词原形”这样的虚拟语气，should可以省略。
→ eagerly adv. 热切地，渴望地
They’re eagerly waiting for the big day.
→ eagerness n. 热切，渴望
People were pushing each other out of way in their eagerness to get to the front.
greet vt.问候；迎接
1.迎接客人 greet guests
2.在机场迎接某人 greet sb at the airport
3.向某人点头致意 greet sb with a nod.
Whenever I meet her, which was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile.
→ greeting n.问候；打招呼
crowd n. 人群；一群人；民众 vt.挤满；使......拥挤
1.一群、成群的人: a crowd of/crowds of people
2.在机场迎接某人: in the crowd
3．挤进、涌入纽约中心: crowd into the center of new network
4.涌入某人的心头:crowded into one’s mind
→ crowded 拥挤的，挤满的
挤满......be crowded with
In crowded (crowd) places like airports and railway station, you must take care of your luggage.
二、重点短语
1. be similar to与......相似
(1)在某方面相似be similar in
(2)与......相同；the same as
(3)与......不同:be different from
(4)在......方面不同；be different in
Her ideas are quite similar to mine.
The two cars are very similar in size and design.
2.be confused by 对......感到困惑
(1)变得困惑:become/get confused
(2)困惑的感情: a confused expression
(3)把A和B弄混；confuse A with B
All the roads looked the same and he felt confused.
注意不要把数量与质量混淆了。
Be careful not to confuse quantity with quality.
3. join..to..把......和......连接或联结起来
(1)Connect…..with/to......把......跟......联系起来
(2)与......“有关系、有联系多种表达：
Be related to ; be linked with/to be involved in; be associated with;
have something to do with
(3)You have to join the smaller piece of wood to the main part.
4. break away(from sb/sth)脱离；背叛；逃脱；克服（习惯）
(1)打碎；分裂；（会议或聚会）结束，散会；（团体）解散:break up
(2)出故障；垮掉；失败: break down
(3)突破:Break through
(4)（战争、火灾）突然发生、爆发:break out
上周史密斯家的汽车被撬了。
The Smiths had their car broken into last week.
那位老人不在家时，窃贼闯进屋里了。
Thieves had broke in while the old man was away.
5. result in 结果为；导致；
(1)由于；源自:result from
(2)结果，因此: as a result
(3)作为......、的结果as a result of
(4)我们还在处理过去的因失误所造成的问题。
We are still dealing with problems resulting from errors made in the post.
6.as well as 同（一样也）；和；还
(1)In this day and age, women can have children and jobs as well
(2)The basketball coach, as well as his team was interviewed shortly after the match for their outstanding performance.
(3)This training program can give you a gift at work, as well as increase your income by 40%.
7.leave behind 落下、忘带；留下；把......抛在后面
(1)把我的伞落在火车上: leave my umbrella behind on the train.
(2)动身去北京；leave for Beijing
(3)不要打扰我:leave me alone
(4)省去具体细节:leave out details
(5)漏掉一个字母:leave out a letter
(6)他动身前往华盛顿，把几个孩子留给了他的母亲。
He set off for Washington, leaving the children behind his mother.
8.date back to 起源于，追溯到
(1)这所学院创办于中世纪。
The college dates back to medieval times.
(2)这些可以追溯到1855年的石阶开始出现磨损。
The stone steps, dating back to 1885. Are beginning to wear.
9.keep your eyes open(for)
keep you eyes out (for ) 留心；留意
(1)吸引某人的注意: catch one’s eye
(2)注视，盯着看: fix one’s eyes on
(3)照看；留意；密切注意:keep an eye on
(4)对......有鉴赏力；have an eye for.
(5)直视某人:look sb in the eye
10. offer sb sth 向某人提供某物；offer sth to sb
(1)愿意、主动提出做某事:offer to do sth
(2)提供帮助、提出建议:offer help/advice
(3)“提供给某人某物”的表达：provide sb with sth/provide sth for sb
Supply sb with sth/supply sth to sb
(4)-why did you have the position?
I was offered a better position at IBM.
11.make up 组成，构成；编造；化妆；弥补
<1>组成一个队 ：make up a team
<2>编故事：make up a story
<3>编借口：make up an excuse
<4>在镜子前化妆：make up before the mirror
<5>弥补损失：make up for the loss
12.breathe in 吸气；吸入
(1)深呼吸：breathe deeply
(2)呼气；呼出（气体）；breathe out
(3)松一口气: breathe a sigh of relief
(4)深吸一口气: take a deep breath
(4)屏住呼吸；屏息以待；hold one’s breath
(5)上气不接下气；out of breath
三、重要句型
1. must have been一定做过某事
(1)我一定是在上历史课的那一部分时睡着了。
I must have been asleep in that part of our history class.
(2)汤姆上班从来不迟到。为什么他今天缺席了？
-Tom is never late for work. Why is he absent today？
他一定是发生了什么事？
-something must have happened to him.
2.sb/sth is likely to do sth某人、某物有可能做某事
(1)你定能亲身体验当地的文化和习俗。
You are more than likely to experience local culture and customs first-hand….
(2)如果你在一个大家庭中长大，你就更有可能发展与他人和睦相处的能力。
If you grow up in a large family, you are more likely to develop the ability to get on well with others.
Unit 5
Unit 5 Music
一、词形变换
1．able adj.有才能的；能干的
→ enable vt.使能够；使可能
→ disable vt.使(某人)残废；使……无能
2．origin n．起源；起因；原因
→ original adj.原来的；n．原件；原作
3．energy n．能源；能量；精力
→ energetic adj.精力充沛的
4．perform vi. & vt. 表演；履行；执行
→ performer n．表演者；演员
→ performance n．表演；演技；表现
5．prove vt.证明；展现
→ proof n．证据
6．conduct n．行为；举止 vt.组织
→ conductor n．指挥；售票员
二、重点单词
1.opportunity n.机会，时机
(1)做某事的机会:the opportunity to do sth
(2)把握住、抓住、利用机会:take/ seize/ use an opportunity
(3)错过、失去、浪费机会:miss/ lose/ waste an opportunity
我希望有机会去大明湖。
I hope to have an opportunity to go to the Daming Lake.
→ chance n.机会
2.perform v.表演；履行；执行
(1)演奏音乐:perform music
(2)履行诺言:perform one’s promise
(3)尽职责:perform one’s duty.
(4)做手术:perform an operation
(5)做实验:perform an experiment
(6)表现得好、不好:perform well/ badly/ poorly
新机器运转良好。
The mew machine is performing well.
[知识拓展]
perform a(n)... role in ... 在……中起……作用
→ performance n. 表演，演技，表现
give/put on a performance 演出；表演
→ performer n. 表演者；演员
3.ordinary adj.普通的；平凡的
(1)普通人 ordinary people.
(2)平常的一天 an ordinary day
(3)不寻常，出乎意料 out of ordinary.
我有一辆普通牌子的汽车，没什么特殊。
I’ve got an ordinary sort of car,nothing special.
→ ordinarily adv.普通地
4.prove v.证明；展现
(1)prove...to sb. 向某人证明……
(2)prove (oneself) to be... 证明(某人自己)是……
(3)prove＋that从句 证明……
(4)It is proved that... 据证明……
结果证明她是最适合干这项工作的人。
She proved to be the most suitable person fot the job.
5.award vt.授予 n.奖品
(1)（因......）把......授予、颁发给某人 award sb sth =award sth to sb
(2)给某人颁奖 give sb an award.
(3)因某事赢得、得到、获得奖项 win/get/ receive/ get an award for sth.
(4)颁奖仪式 an award ceremony
孩子接过奖品时朝老师微笑着。
The child smiled at his teacher as he received the award.
6. relief n.（焦虑、痛苦的）减轻或消除；（不快过后的）宽慰；轻松或解脱
(1)如释重负；松了口气 in relief
(2)使某人欣慰的是 to one’s relief
(3)做某事令人欣慰 It is a relief to do sth.
(4)终于放心了！What a relief!
这药会减轻你一些痛苦。
This medicine will give you some relief.
→ relieve vt.减轻
7. cure v.治愈；治好（疾病）；解决（问题） 药物；治疗；n.（解决问题、改善糟糕情况的）措施
(1)治愈某人的......病；矫正、改正某人的某种不良行为或态度 cure sb of sth
(2)没有办法治愈......，没有办法解决...... there is no cure for ...
(3)治疗......的方法 a cure for ...
这种药会把你的胃治好的。
This drug will cure you of your stomach.
这是治疗头疼的方法。
This is a cure for headache.
8.absorbed adj.被......吸引住的；专心致志的；全神贯注的
(1)被......吸引住；专心致志 be absorbed in sth/sb
(2)把......吸收进...... absorb ...into ...
(3)被吸纳进...... be absorbed into...
威尔读书非常专心，以至于没有吃晚餐。
Will was so absorbed in reading that he went without his dinner.
→ take in...吸收......
9.previous adj.先前的，以往的
(1)在......以前（是介词）previous to....
(2)前一天 the previous day
(3)在某人到达之前 previous to sb’s arrival
事件发生于他到那儿之前。
It happened previous to his arrival there.
→ previously adv.先前，以往
10.impact n. 巨大影响；强大作用；冲击力
(1)对......有影响 have an impact on ...
(2)对......没有影响 have no impact on ...
(3)对......的冲击 an impact against ...
计算机对现代生活产生了巨大的影响。
The computer had made a great impact on modern life.
→ influence n.& v.影响
11.aim n.目标；目标 vi/vt.力求达到；力争做到；瞄准 vt.目的是；旨在
(1)某事的目的 the aim of sth
(2)达到某人的目标 with the aim of ...
(3)以......为目的 achieve one’s aim
(4)瞄准... take aim at ...
(5)力争做某事aim to do ath/aim at doing sth
(6)旨在做某事 be aimed at doing sth
(7)（把某物）瞄准...... aim...at ...
她参观学校的目的是看看图书馆。
She visited the school with the aim of seeing the library.
12.equipment n.设备；装备
(1)一件设备: a piece of equipment
(4)我们应该更好的利用实验室现有的设备。
We should make a better use of the existing equipment.
→ equip vt.装备
(1)用......装备...... equip...with
(2)配备有...... be equipped with...
13.assume vt.以为；假设
(1)往最坏处想 assume the worst
(2)认为...... assume (that) ...
据推测，我父母将在七点钟回家.
It is assumed that my parents will be back at seven.
14.ache n.(身体某部位的)疼痛
头疼 a headache
ache vi.疼痛; 渴望
(1)渴望 ache for
(2)渴望做某事: ache to do sth
整个冬季汤姆在盼望着晴朗的天气。
All winter Tom has been aching for sunshine.
I'm aching all over.
我周身疼痛。
15.treatment n. 治疗；对待；处理
(1)就......接受治疗 treatment for
(2)为某人治疗 give sb treatment
(3)接受治疗 get/ have/ receive treatment
(4)需要治疗 need/require the treatment
我试遍了医生建议的每一种疗法。
I tried every treatment the doctor suggested.
→ treat v.t.对待，治疗
16.satisfaction n. 满足；满意；欣慰
(1)满意地 with satisfaction
(2)使某人满意的是 to one’s satisfaction
老师对我们的成功表示满意。
The teacher expressed her/ his satisfaction at our success.
三、重点短语
1.remind sb ...of sth 提醒......某事
(1)提醒某人某事/物 remind sb of sth
(2)提醒某人做某事 remind sb to do sth
(3)提醒某人 remind sb that...
Confucius believed knieves would remind people of killing and were too violent for use at the table.
2. come up with... 想出；提出（主意、建议、计划）
(1)想出一个主意 come up with an idea.
(2)提出一个计划 come up with a plan.
在会上提出了一个好建议。
A good suggestion come up at the meeting yeaterday.
3.together with... 连同......；和......在一起:
It’s in the Summer olympics that you have the running races,together with swimming, sailing and all the team sports.
4.take part in/join in...参加......
5.fall in love with... 爱上（表动作）:
be in love with... 爱上，喜欢（表状态）
6.lead to ... 导致......；引起......;导向......
(1)导致这场交通事故:lead to the traffic accident.
(2)引起健康问题:lead to health problem
All roads lead to Rome.条条大路通罗马。
7. for the first time 第一次
第一次......（作连词用） the first time.
我第一次见她就认为她很好也很诚实。
I thought her nice and honest the first time I met her.
8.be pleased with... 对......感到满意
(1)对......感到高兴 be pleased that
(2)高兴、乐于做某事 be pleased to do ath
(3)我很高兴听到这个好消息。
I am very pleased to hear the good news.
四、重点句型
1.过去分词（短语）作状语
课本原句
(1)Moved by this music, he said, It was like seeing color for the first time.
(2)Absorbed in the painting, John didn’t notice evening approaching.
2. A time when... 一段......的时期
课本原句
(1)Have you ever faced a time when things looked dark and you had no hope at all?
句式仿写
这是一个许多人失业并艰难谋生的时期。
This was a time when many people were out of work and had difficulty earning their living.
3. so....that....如此......以至于，引导结果状语从句
课本原句
(1) The song made me feel so much better that from then on I began to listen to music all the time.
句式仿写
天气是如此冷，以至于我不想离开房间。
The weather was so cold that I didn’t like to leave my room.
END
写在最后：
期待在下方留言“每日打卡”，让我看到你们的坚持！
转发，是最好的支持
学习之路，现在开始也不晚!
写在最后：
期待在下方留言“每日打卡”，让我看到你们的坚持！
转发，是最好的支持
学习之路，现在开始也不晚!