UNStudio设计 | 瑞典哥德堡缆车︰可持续性交通
UNStudio设计的哥德堡缆车方案在竞赛中获胜。其他提交了提案的事务所包括BIG、WilkensonEyre、White Arkitekter、Diller 和 Scofidio + Renfro。
UNStudio’s design has been selected as the winning entry in the competition for the Gothenburg Cable Car. Proposals were also submitted by BIG, WilkensonEyre and WhiteArkitekter with Diller, Scofidio+Renfro.
▲©Plompmozes
新的缆车系统将包括一条带有四个车站和六座索道塔的缆车线路，是哥德堡市2021年纪念其成立400周年的众多项目之一。缆车系统将提供快速高效的跨城空中交通，将是20世纪30年代斯德哥尔摩引入地铁以来，瑞典首次启用全新的公共交通模式。
对于哥德堡和当地市民而言，缆车将提供另一种公共交通方式，它通过跨越RiverCity的空中捷径，使交通时间大大减少，将对环境的影响减少到最小，同时将在河流北部和南部旧城区之间建立快速和直接的联系。
这条3公里长的哥德堡缆车线路始于在河流南岸历史悠久的城市的Järntorget，并在此连接公共汽车和电车转运站，然后它穿过河流继续前往城市北部的另外三个车站。
The new cable car system will comprise one cable car line with four stations and six towers and is one of a number of projects undertaken by the City of Gothenburg to mark its 400th anniversary in 2021. The cable car system, which will provide fast and efficient aerial transport across the city, will be the first new mode of public transportation in Sweden since the subway was introduced in Stockholm in the 1930s.
For the people and the City of Gothenburg the cable car will provide an alternative form of public transport by way of aerial shortcuts across the RiverCity. Travel times will be significantly reduced with minimum environmental impact, while an efficient and direct connection will be established between areas north of the river and the old city to the south.
The 3km long Gothenburg cable car line starts at Järntorget in the historic city on the south bank of the river, where it links to a bus and tram transfer node. It then crosses the river and continues to three further stations in the north of the city.
▲©Plompmozes
“缆车系统不仅可以在我们不断发展的城市之间提供急需的可持续性交通，将分散的部分连接起来，而且，它让人们可以像“鸟儿”一样移动，绕过地面交通拥堵，为居民和游客提供快速、可靠、高效的交通方式。虽然主要是为了满足实际的客运需要，缆车也提供一种非常舒适的交通选择，它使我们能够以全新的方式欣赏和体验我们的城市。”
– UNStudio创始人及首席建筑师Ben van Berkel
“A cable car system can not only provide much needed sustainable transport between otherwise disconnected parts of our growing cities, but by travelling ‘as the crow flies’ and bypassing traffic congestion on the ground, itcan ensure extremely fast, reliable and efficient travel for both residents and visitors alike. Although primarily a pragmatic solution, cable cars are also avery congenial way to travel as they enable us to see and experience our cities in a whole new way.”
- Ben van Berkel, Founder and Principal Architect
▲©Plompmozes
索道塔 TOWERS
索道塔的设计参考并受哥德堡著名造船厂起重机平稳运行的启发。六座索道塔将分布于索道沿线，宛如雕塑，改变城市天际线，象征性地将RiverCity的历史与其未来联系起来。
Ben van Berkel︰“哥德堡缆车的設計參考船厂起重机的不对称形状及动態，旨於反映这个工业化城市繁华的过去，同时表达对其广阔的未来的展望。虽然索道塔是工程元素，但它们在城市景观中也非常具有雕塑感，细长而透明。”
Inspired by and referencing the steady motion of Gothenburg’s famous shipyard cranes, the six towers will continue across the landscape as sculptures, defining a new city skyline and symbolically connecting the history of the RiverCity with its future.
Ben van Berkel: “The design of the Gothenburg cable car references the asymmetrical shapes of the shipyard cranes and their movements as they carry their loads throughout the day. The aim of the design is to reflect the robustness of this industrialised city’s past, whilst alluding to its expansive future. Although the towers are pieces of high engineering, they are also very sculptural, slender and transparent within the urban landscape.”
索道塔创新结构概念使其能够位處地面並适应地面层的各种城市环境。这种轻型且开放式的结构解决方案便于城市道路、街道和绿色空间穿过塔底，避免产生影响社会安全的黑暗区域。开放式索道塔结构避免了投下沉重的阴影，并确保塔底的宜人環境。
位于Lindholmen码头的最高索道塔也可以被视为位于水面上的城市阳台：一个可以接近水岸的新城市景点，并为社交聚会提供新的场地。
The innovative structural concept of the towers enables them to be positioned and adapted to blend into the various urban situations at ground level. This light and open structural solution also facilitates urban paths, streets and green spaces to pass through the base of towers, thereby avoiding the creation of dark, socially unsafe conditions. The open tower structure will also avoid the casting of heavy shadows and will ensure a pleasant wind climate at the towers’ base.
The highest tower at the Lindholmen quay could also become a city balcony located on the water: a new urban focal point that makes the water accessible and provides a new destination for social gathering.
灯塔 BEACONS
夜间，安装在塔梁表面内侧的聚光灯照亮索道塔，形成城市信标。光线透过结构部件之间的间隙，形成纤细锐利的线条，在夜色中巧妙地勾勒出建筑的轮廓。白天是从冷到暖的白色色调，而颜色和亮度传感器将隨环境的光線条件将照明调节到最佳水平。
At night the illumination of the towers is achieved by spotlights that line the inside of the tower beam surface. Light cutting through a gap between structural components creates a thin, sharp line which subtly emphasises the silhouette at night. A daytime scheme of white tones ranging from cold to warm will also be applied. Colour and brightness sensors will track the ambient light condition in order to adjust the illumination to an optimal level.
▲©Plompmozes
车站 STATIONS
这些车站本身不仅围绕自然寻路和社会安全的原则设计，而且考虑到其地标作用，这使得人们可以轻易识别这些城市目的地。这些车站采用多切面屋顶，外观庄重，与索道塔结构连成一体，形成一个自然而强大的线性连接标识。
几何天花板以及墙壁均用木材包裹，为车站带来柔和的光线，引导人们向上前往站台层。“飘浮”的屋顶结构让四周城市景观和站台一览无余。
The stations are not only designed around principles of natural wayfinding and social safety, but also with a strong identity in mind that will make them clearly recognisable as destination points within the city. In their formal representation, with their faceted roofs, a family is formed with the tower structures to create a strong line-long, green link identity.
The geometric ceilings, along with the walls, both clad in wood, bring a warm glow to the stations and guide people up towards the platform level. Here the ‘floating’ roof structures enable unobstructed panoramic views to the surrounding city and the arrival and departure platform.
自撑式屋顶结构中的大型天窗让站台充满阳光。所有垂直运输路线都经过精心定位，以确保最短的路线并允许不同的行驶速度。
车站被设计成基本几何形状，以适应不同的城市条件。各中途站采用围绕“中心点”的概念性枢纽机制，使其主要几何形状能够向所需的不同方向“扭结”。
Within the self-supporting roof structure, large skylights flood the platform with daylight, while all vertical transportation routes are carefully positioned to allow for the shortest routes and different speeds of travel.
In their basic geometry the stations are designed to be adaptive to different urban conditions. For the intermediate-stations, a conceptual hinging mechanism around the station’s ‘centre point’ enables their main geometry to ‘kink’ in different required directions.
可持续的城市交通 SUSTAINABLE URBAN TRANSPORATION
索道塔和车站的设计都遵循高标准的可持续原则，结合了被动措施、主动技术以及最重要的社会可持续性。
这些索道塔由预制纤维增强混凝土制成，材料用量少，维护要求低。由于施工时间短，同样有助大幅减少对环境的影响。
车站安装有PVT板（光伏热复合太阳能集热器）可自行发电。PVT板集成在屋顶结构内，提供照明用电，也用于给地板和楼梯供暖。
确保车站阳光充足的大型天窗和使用低能量系统的灯具帮助节省更多的能源。照明灯具隐藏在木质墙壁和天花板后面，提供温和均匀的光线。由此产生的无眩光间接照明创造最佳安保、视觉条件。
The designs of both the towers and the stations follow strong sustainable principles, incorporating passive measures, active technology and most importantly, social sustainability.
The towers are made from prefabricated fibre reinforced spun concrete and have alow material use and minimal maintenance requirements. The short construction time will also greatly minimise environmental impact.
Energy is generated by the stations themselves by way of PVT panels (Photovoltaic thermal hybrid solar collectors) which are integrated within the roof structures to provide both electrical energy for lighting and thermal energy to heat floors and stairs.
Energy use is limited by the incorporation of large skylights that flood daylight into the stations and artificial lighting that uses low energy systems. Lighting fixtures are hidden behind the wood clad walls and ceilings and provide a gentle wash of light over the interior surfaces. The resulting glare-free, indirect light, produces optimal conditions for safety, visual comfort and efficiency.
车站下方的大型结构元件外面将覆盖上人工培育的苔藓层，这种植物可有效过滤空气中的细小灰尘、二氧化氮和臭氧气体，并通过蒸发减少城市热岛效应。它还具有吸音特性，可帮助还可降低交通噪音。精心设计的车站环境包括公共座位和休闲区，有助促进社区融合。
The large structural elements underneath the stations are intended to be clad with an innovative moss culture cladding which removes fine dust, nitrogen dioxide and ozone gases from the air and reduces the urban heat island effect by way of evaporation. Noise absorbing qualities also reduce traffic noise. Carefully designed surroundings for the stations, with public seating and leisure zones, will allow for social integration on a neighbourhood level.
点击"阅读原文"查看更多UNStudio项目信息。
Click 'Read More' for more details of our projects.
媒体查询 Media Inquiry
UNStudio
Karen Murphy
k.murphy@unstudio.com
+31 (0) 20 570 20 40
UNStudio Asia
Iris Lo 罗嘉怡
iris.lo@unstudio.com
+852 3499 1261