《科研管理》2017第2期封面文章摘要

FDI技术变迁向度、劳动分配率与中国经济增长

王福涛^1，2,  张振刚²,  陈昊扬¹

（1.华南理工大学 公共管理学院，广东 广州 510641；

2.华南理工大学 工商管理学院，广东 广州 510641）

摘要：根据FDI发展阶段论对FDI的技术变迁向度、FDI劳动分配率与中国经济增长三者间的关系提出假设，利用2000—2012年宏观经济数据统计广东、上海、浙江、江苏、天津等五个省份和全国人均实际FDI使用额、FDI劳动分配率、城镇居民人均可支配收入，通过回归分析予以验证。研究发现中国面临外资利用陷阱，对华FDI为分享劳动力生产要素禀赋优势所形成的技术向度劳动力偏向随着经济增长被强化，并未因劳动力比较优势弱化而改变。FDI在收入分配中所占份额随之下降，对华FDI流出趋势增大。需强化统筹利用外资政策与收入分配调节政策，有效推动以自主创新替代劳动力生产要素禀赋优势。

关键词：FDI技术变迁向度；劳动分配率；经济增长

Orientation of technological change, labor distribution rates of FDI and Chinese economic growth

Wang Futao^1，2, Zhang Zhengang², Chen Haoyang¹

(1. School of Public Administration, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, Guangdong, China;
2. School of Business Administration, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, Guangdong, China)

Abstract: According to the stage theories of FDI development, raising hypotheses about the relationship between orientation of FDI technological change, income distribution gap about FDI and Chinese economic growth. Using China economic statistics data during 2000-2012 to measure the amount of FDI use, labor distribution rate of FDI, per capita disposable incomes of urban residents in Guangdong, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Tianjin and China, and verify them with regression analysis. It is found out that China is facing a trap in foreign capital utilization. For FDI in China, the orientation of technological change which is formed by sharing labor factor of production and has a bias towards labor force will be strengthened as economies grow, but it will not be changed with weakening of the relative advantage of labor force. The share of FDI in the distribution of income will fall accordingly, and the trend towards FDI outflow to China will increase. The policies for planned use of foreign investment and regulation of income distribution will be improved to give full play of the advantage gained by replacing labor factor of production with independent innovation.

Keywords: orientation of FDI technological change; FDI labor distribution rate; economic growth

环境规制、技术创新与经营绩效—基于37个工业行业的实证分析

余伟¹,  陈强²  , 陈华¹   

（1.南昌大学管理学院,江西 南昌 330031；

2.同济大学经济与管理学院,上海 200092）

摘要：利用中国37个工业行业2003-2010年的面板数据，采用两阶段分析方法，实证分析了环境规制、技术创新和工业经营绩效之间的关系。研究发现，环境规制对企业研发投入有显著的促进作用，表明当前我国严格的环境保护政策能够引致工业企业进行技术创新。但是，环境规制的研发投入引致效应还不够充分，进而对工业经营绩效不能产生促进作用。而且，环境规制对不同工业经营绩效的直接影响存在着差异。本文的发现说明，“波特假说”提出的严格且适宜的环境规制将通过引致企业技术创新，抵消遵循成本，进而能提高经营绩效的观点在我国工业行业目前没有得到支持。最后，提出了相应的政策建议。

关键词：环境规制；技术创新；经营绩效；“波特假说”

Environmental regulation, technological innovation and economic performance based on an empirical analysis of 37 industries

Yu Wei¹，Chen Qiang²    Chen Hua¹

(1. School of Management, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, Jiangxi, China;
2. School of Economics and Management, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China)

Abstract: This paper analyzes the effect of government R&D funding and enterprise R&D inputs on China’s innovation efficiency and optimal intensity range of government R&D funding and enterprise R&D inputs by means of the logarithm of stochastic frontier model and the threshold regression model using the panel data of China from 2003 to 2012. The test results show that the government R&D funding for innovation efficiency is negative, and that there is a "government failure". However, enterprise R&D inputs can promote innovation efficiency, and "market failure" is less. At present, the optimal intensity range of government R&D funding is more than 0.282, and enterprises’ R&D inputs is from 0.688 to 0.775.

Keywords: government R&D funding; enterprise R&D inputs; innovation efficiency; optimal intensity

航空航天器制造业创新投入与产出关系研究

黄鲁成¹，黄斌^1，2，吴菲菲¹，苗红¹

（1.北京工业大学 经济与管理学院，北京 100122;
2.贵州民族大学 商学院，贵州 贵阳 550025）

摘要：结合典型相关分析和格兰杰因果关系检验两种方法，采用1995年至2013年我国航空航天器制造业相关数据进行实证研究，研究航空航天器制造业创新投入与产出关系。研究结果表明，我国航空航天器制造业的创新投入与产出之间虽然具有高度相关性，但并不存在明显的格兰杰因果关系。说明我国航空航天器制造业创新投入与产出之间还未形成良性互动关系。研究结论可以为管理实践提供理论参考。

关键词：创新投入；创新产出；典型相关分析；格兰杰因果关系；航空航天器制造业

A research on the relationship between innovation input and output of aircrafts and spacecrafts manufacturers

Huang Lucheng¹， Huang Bin^1，2, Wu Feifei¹， Miao Hong¹

(1. School of Economics and Management，Beijing University of Technology，Beijing 100122，China;
2. Business School of Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China)

Abstract: Combined with the correlation analysis and granger causality test, the paper studies the relationship between innovation input and output of aircrafts and spacecrafts manufacturers with the data from 1995 to 2013 in China. The results show that although there is a high correlation between innovation input and output, the granger causality between them is not clear, which illustrates that positive interactive relationship between them has not been formed. The results can provide a theoretical reference for management practice.

Keywords: innovation input; innovation output; canonical correlation analysis; granger causality; aircrafts and spacecrafts manufacturer

绩效问责是否促进了区域创新？—来自中国省际面板数据的证据

阎波¹，刘佳²，刘张立¹，吴建南³

（1.西安交通大学，陕西 西安 710049；

2.陕西师范大学，陕西 西安 710062；

3.上海交通大学，上海 200030）

摘要：在实施创新驱动发展战略的背景下，地方政府绩效问责机制对区域创新的作用日益受到重视，而相关的实证研究并不多见。本研究从组织回应绩效问责的理论视角出发，以年度政府工作报告为切入点探讨绩效问责与区域创新的关系，运用面向31个省级政府2003～2012年的面板数据进行实证检验。研究发现，尽管绩效问责对区域创新具有一定的促进作用，但其影响尚远远不充分且在很大程度上依赖于地方政府的理性选择，故而绩效问责的机制设计需要考虑不同地方政府的角色特征及其印象管理动机，更有效地发挥地方政府在实施创新驱动发展战略中的主导作用。

关键词：绩效问责；区域创新；政府工作报告；创新驱动；面板数据分析

Does performance-based accountability improve regional innovation? An empirical evidence from Chinese provincial governments

Yan Bo¹, Liu Jia², Liu Zhangli¹, Wu Jiannan³

(1. Xi’an Jiaotong University,  Xi’an 710049, Shannxi, China;
 2. Shaanxi Normal University,  Xi’an 710062, Shannxi, China;
 3. Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200030,China)

Abstract: Under the context of implementing innovation-led development strategies, the effects of performance-based accountability mechanism on regional innovation have drawn increasing attention in China. However, relevant empirical researches are rare. In the light of organizational pressure-response theory, the paper focuses on the annual report of local government, and empirically tests the relationship between performance-based accountability mechanisms and regional innovation by means of the panel data from 31 provincial governments (2003-2012). The finding shows that there are insufficient effects of performance-based accountability on regional innovation, which depends on the rational choice of local governments. Therefore, it is essential to design the performance-based accountability mechanism by analyzing the role characteristics and impression management motives of local governments, in order to motivate them to advance the implementation of innovation-led development strategies.

Keywords: performance-based accountability; regional innovation; annual government report; innovation-led; panel data analysis