高中英语必修一Unit 4 必背单词和词块（新人教版）
必修一Unit4必背单词和词块
每天背记一点点 提升成绩很明显
一、背单词与词块
(一)背阅读单词——会认就行
(背诵时遮住右侧汉语，先自主翻译，后比对词义)
1．magnituden． (地)震级；重大
2．evacuatevt. 疏散；撤出
vi. 撤离
3．revivevt.&vi. 复活；(使)苏醒
4．unifyvi.&vt. 统一；(使)成一体
5．contextn. 上下文；语境；背景
6．tapvi.&vt. 轻叩；轻敲；轻拍
n. 水龙头；轻叩；轻敲
7．pipen. 管子；管道
8．whistlevi. 吹口哨；发出笛声
vt. 吹口哨
n. 哨子(声)；呼啸声
9．emergencyn. 突发事件；紧急情况
10．kitn. 成套工具；成套设备
(二)背重点单词——写对才行
1．disaster n. 灾难；灾害
2．flood n. 洪水；大量
vi. 淹没；大量涌入
vt. 使灌满水；淹没
3．rescue n．&vt. 营救；救援
4．damagevt. 损害；破坏
n. 损坏；损失
5．destroyvt. 摧毁；毁灭
6．shelter n. 避难处；居所；庇护
vt. 保护；掩蔽
vi. 躲避(风雨或危险)
7．ruin n．&vt. 破坏；毁坏
8．percent n. 百分之……
adj.&adv. 每一百中
9．trapvt. 使落入险境；使陷入圈套
n. 险境；陷阱
10．buryvt. 埋葬；安葬
11．effort n. 努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
12．supply n. 供应(量)；补给；[pl.]补给品
vt. 供应；供给
13．calm adj. 镇静的；沉着的
vt. 使平静；使镇静
14．aid n. 援助；帮助；救援物资
vi.&vt. 帮助；援助
15．crashvt.&vi. 碰撞；撞击
n. 撞车；碰撞
16．sweepvt.&vi. 打扫；清扫
17．wave n. 海浪；波浪
vi.&vt. 挥手；招手
18．strikevi.&vt. 侵袭；突击；击打
n. 罢工；罢课；袭击
(三)背拓展单词——用准才行
1．dievi.死；死亡→deathn．死；死亡→deadadj.死去的→deadlyadj.致命的
2．affectvt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动→affectionn. 感情；喜爱
3．effectn．影响；结果；效果→ effectiveadj.有效的→effectively adv.有效地
4．shockn．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.(使)震惊→ shockingadj.令人震惊的→ shockedadj.震惊的
5．electricityn．电；电能→ electricadj. 用电的；电动的→ electricaladj.与电有关的
6．breathn．呼吸→ breathevi.&vt.呼吸
7．wisdomn. 智慧；才智→ wiseadj. 充满智慧的；明智的；英明的
8．suffervt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→suffering n．折磨；苦难
9．survivevi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艰难度过→survival n．幸存→ survivorn．幸存者
10．powern．电力供应；能量；力量；控制力→ powerfuladj.有权势的；强有力的→ powerlessadj.无权的；无能力的
11．delivervt.&vi.递送；传达vt.发表→ deliveryn．传送；递送；演讲方式
12．longadj.长的→ lengthn．长；长度→ lengthenv. (使)变长
[语境活用]
1．I've sent our luggage home by express delivery. They promised to deliverwithin 48 hours. (deliver)
2．This desk is three times the length of that one, so it is long enough and needn't be lengthened. (long)
3．He was shocked at the shocking news, for I could see his shockedlook on his face. (shock)
4．He has made a wise decision because he is full of wisdom. (wisdom)
5．The old man went through a lot of sufferings in the old days. Worse still, he suffered from heart attack when in his eighties. (suffer)
6．Theeffective way to improve our learning efficiency has a positive effecton our academic progress. (effect)
(四)背高频单词——先“记牢”再“用活”，不背绝对不行
1．damage vt.损害；破坏n.损坏；损失
背词条用法 | damage sb.'s career/reputation/health损害某人的事业/名誉/健康 do/cause (great) damage to ...对……造成(很大的)损害 |
背写作佳句 | ① I come to you, hat in hand, to apologize for the damage I had indirectly caused and to ask you to reconsider my lifetime ban from the hotel. 我真诚地为我间接带来的损失道歉，并请您重新考虑一下我在此宾馆终生被禁的事情。 ②Too many traffic jams have done damage to our daily life, so every one of us should obey the traffic rules on the way. 太多的交通堵塞破坏了我们的日常生活，所以我们每个人在路上都应该遵守交通规则。 |
2．ruin n．& vt.破坏；毁坏
背词条用法 | (1)lie/be in ruins 成为废墟 be reduced to ruins 沦为废墟 (2)ruin oneself 毁掉自己；自取灭亡 ruin one's health/fame/future 毁掉某人的健康/声誉/前途 |
背写作佳句 | ①The whole city lay in ruins after the earthquake, which made us awake all night. 地震之后整个城市成了一片废墟，这让我们彻夜未眠。 ②Heavy smoking ruins your health, so you should give up smoking. 吸烟过量会损害你的健康，因此你应该戒烟。 |
3．bury vt.埋葬；安葬；使沉浸；使专心
背词条用法 | be buried in＝bury oneself in 埋头于；专心于 be buried in thought 沉思 bury one's face in one's hands 双手掩面 |
背写作佳句 | ①She buried her face in her hands and wept when she heard the bad news. 当她听到那个坏消息时，她双手掩面而泣。 ②Though buried in books these days, I have still joined several student clubs in order to improve myself. 虽然这些天我埋头读书，但我还是加入了几个学生俱乐部以提高自己。 |
4．effort n．努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
背词条用法 | make an effort to do sth. 努力做某事 spare no effort to do sth. 不遗余力地做某事 make every effort 尽一切努力 |
背写作佳句 | ①My English teacher spares no effort to help me with my English. 我的英语老师不遗余力地帮助我学英语。 ②Another reason why we should never give up is that we can learn from our mistakes only if we make every effort. 另一个我们应当永不放弃的原因是：只有尽一切努力，我们才能从错误中学习。 |
5．survive vi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艰难度过
背词条用法 | (1)survive sth. 幸免于；从……中挺/活过来 survive on 依靠……存活下来 A survive B (by ...) A比B活得长(……) (2)survival skills 生存技能 |
背写作佳句 | ①Having survived that accident, we were confident that everything else would be all right. 从那场事故中幸存下来以后，我们都相信接下来的事情会一切顺利。 ②I don't know how you all manage to survive on Jeremy's salary. 我不知道你们只靠杰里米的薪水是怎样设法生存的。 |
6．power n．电力供应；能量；力量；控制力
背词条用法 | be in power 执政；掌权 come to/into power 掌权；上台执政 in one's power 在某人的掌控中 beyond one's power 某人力所不能及的 do all/everything in one's power to do sth.尽力而为做某事；竭尽全力做某事 |
背写作佳句 | ① All in all, Beijing possesses a kind of power that makes us feel the long history of Chinese culture over 5,000 years. 总之，北京拥有一种力量，让我们感受到中国五千多年文化的悠久历史。 ②2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达))I will do all/everything in my power to live up to your expectations. 我将竭尽全力不辜负你的期望。 |
7．strike vi.& vt.侵袭；突击；击打n.罢工；罢课；袭击
背词条用法 | be struck/stricken by被……打动/迷住 it strikes/hits/occurs to sb. that ...某人突然想起…… strike ... into one's heart 使……刻骨铭心 go/be on strike 进行/在罢工 |
背写作佳句 | ① More importantly, every year a large number of tourists are struck/stricken by the charm of the famous sights in Beijing. 更重要的是，每年都有大量的游客被北京著名景点的魅力所打动。 ②It struck me that I would have an important meeting in Shanghai the next day. 我突然想起来我明天在上海将有一个重要的会议。 |
8．effect n．影响；结果；效果
背词条用法 | side effect 副作用 come into/take effect 生效；见效 have an effect on/upon 对……产生影响 bring/put ... into effect 实施；使……生效/起作用 |
背写作佳句 | ①Humor has a positive psychological effect when we are in difficulties. 当我们遇到困难时，幽默有积极的心理作用。 ②The new law shall come into effect from May. 这条新法律将从五月份起生效。 |
(五)背短语词块——表达出彩，需多积词块才行
单元短语再认再现
1．as_if 似乎；好像；仿佛
2．in_ruins 严重受损；破败不堪
3．in_shock 震惊；吃惊
4．come_to_an_end 结束；终结
5．dig_out 挖掘出；发现
6．the_number_of ……的数目
7．nothing_but 仅仅；只是
8．blow_away 吹走
9．cut_across 横穿
10．get_up_on_one's_feet 站起来
11．in_the_open_air 露天；在户外
12．carry_out 执行；实施；贯彻；完成
13．out_of_gratitude 出于感激
14．fall_down 跌倒；倒塌
15．in_all_directions 朝四面八方
重点短语拓展用活
come to an end结束；终结
背相关短语 | (1)at the end of 在……尽头；在……末端 by the end of 到……结束时； 到……时候为止(常与完成时态连用) in the end 最后；终于 (2)put/bring ... to an end/put an end to ... 使……结束 (3)make (both) ends meet 使收支相抵；量入为出 |
背写作佳句 | ①The meeting came to an end and he set down many key points. 会议结束了，他记录了很多要点。 ②As the economy was in decline, some people in the town had lost their jobs. Many of their families were struggling to make ends meet.由于经济衰退，城里有些人失去了工作。许多家庭都在努力维持生计。 |
二、背佳句与佳作
(一)背写作佳句——多“输入”才能巧“输出”
1．[教材原句] It seemed as if the world were coming to an end！(as if引导表语从句或方式状语从句)
仿佛世界末日即将来临！
佳句① | My respectable head teacher treats me as if she were my mother. 我尊敬的班主任像我的母亲一样对待我。 |
佳句② | He spoke English perfectly as if he had lived in England for many years. 他讲英语非常完美，好像在英国居住了很多年似的。 |
2．[教材原句] Iwas having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.(be doing ... when ...正在做……这时……)
我和我的三个孩子正在吃早饭，这时海水开始灌入屋内。
佳句① | She was wondering about it when the father turned up and told his wife about how the twins had made preparations to giver her a great surprise. 她正在对此疑惑，这时这位爸爸出现了，告诉妻子这对双胞胎为了给她一个惊喜是如何做准备的。 |
佳句② | Last Monday, I was walking in the street when I suddenly saw an old man fall off his bicycle. 上周一，我正在街上散步，突然看到一位老人从自行车上摔了下来。 |
(二)背主题写作——好习作就靠“仿效”和“背诵”
Ⅰ.应用文写作序列——询问信
[题目要求]
假定你是李华。你校计划举办介绍中国传统文化的主题班会，并在英文网站展示。请你写一封邮件给外国朋友Chris，向他了解哪些中国传统文化更吸引外国友人。邮件内容包括：
1．阐明写信事由；2.征求建议；3.表示感谢。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
背范文——熟背语感出
Dear Chris，
Hope everything goes well with you.I am writing to seekyour help.Our annual class meeting, themed “Introducing Chinese culture to your foreign friends”， will be held next Friday.Every process and detail of the meeting, either tangible or intangible, will be postedon the school English website in the form ofpictures and words.
As I have no idea about which type of Chinese culture fascinates you guys, could you give me a hint? To name only a few, you can either give me a general type like Chinese painting, crafts and opera or a specific area like Chinese Kung Fu, Taiji, Yin Yang and silk.
I would greatly appreciate it if you could give me instant feedback.
Yours，
Li Hua
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