【经验交流】【秘密电台】火龙电台之电波暗战

火龙电台之电波暗战

这篇文章只是平静地记述一段历史，记录电波上曾经发生和正在发生的一些有趣的事，就象前辈们记述马来亚之声，火花电台，改革电台之类的文章一样。所引用的频率是过期甚至是杜撰的，内容是综合整理一些国外收听爱好者的研究成果加以编辑。所以对多数阅读者而言，也就是猎奇的见闻，看看罢了，不值得你花时间去尝试调谐了，除非你是一个偏执的喜欢猎奇的电波信号爱好者，而万一你真是这样的爱好者，那这篇文章的内容又显得太肤浅了，因为这些一定是你早已熟知的事情。

短波爱好者有时会在频段搜索时发现一些专门播放中国民乐的电台，没有任何语音，就只有连续不断的民乐。对了，这就是中外广播收听爱好者通常所说的“火龙电台”。

非常奇怪为什么国外的爱好者喜欢把这个类型的电台起名为“Firedrake”火龙电台，字面意思是龙发怒了，在喷火！龙为啥发怒呢？

原来，火龙电台是一种阻碍境外反华电台广播的干扰方式，连续不断地播放锣、鼓、唢呐、大钹等高分贝民乐器，主要用于干扰FLG电台，可能也用于RFA、VOA等(有时也用中国之声同频播放)。观察火龙电台出现的频点，通常不是在正常的广播波段，象WRTH世界广播电台手册2014年频率总表上的12980,13130,13270,13350,13430,14370,14600,14750等，发射台多数在台湾的褒忠、淡水，这是中国力量暂时打击不到影响不到的地方。在这些频率旁边多数标有±，意思是这个频率附近都有可能。

通常的广播收听爱好者不会在意火龙电台的，一个原因是广播频率偏离在正常的波段外不太容易注意到，另一个原因全为反复播放的高分贝民乐，刺耳且听不到任何其他的广播。无论你是用指针式调谐机或是数字调谐机，你都不会太在意这火龙喷射的火焰背后是什么。但如果你用频谱扫描接收机，那么一场真实的电波战，就全景般地展现在你面前。

这就是猫捉老鼠的现代版本：如果在某个频点意外地守听到了耗子电台，假设14600吧，那不过数秒种，火龙就会跟踪到位，锣、鼓、唢呐、大钹会劈头盖脸打上来，是全覆盖全湮灭的那种饱和攻击，频谱上看几乎从14595到14605的地毯式轰炸。耗子到哪里去了？一定走地下去了。你耐心一点守几分钟，慢慢发现耗子会从另一个洞口追出来，14593,14591都有可能，总之，耗子细细的频谱线从火龙的火力覆盖区域里慢慢脱离出来，这时耗子吱吱的叫声就听出来了，而民乐声渐渐远去。通常一段时间后火龙也会调整喷火角度，但也有一些时候也真会漏了耗子。直到一个完整的播音时段结束，双方鸣金收兵，然后换个波段阵地，再战！

有时候耗子也会发射核武器，例如2007年的中国卫星攻击事件，这也说明我们的社会是多么脆弱，如果是国与国的对战，网络、卫星、电视、广播，这些要依靠无线电波传播的信号，都是篱笆，随时会被对方干扰掉。

从耗子电台可以调用的大量频率资源，可以在播放中随时微调频率的动作以及长年累月不间断地广播发射来看（慢说卫星攻击事件），这个肯定是得到了海外政治势力长期的大量的滋养无疑，与信仰无关，与冤屈无关了。

海外的广播收听爱好者经常饶有兴趣地观看着猫捉老鼠的游戏，早期的观察让他们确信最早的火龙电台布置在海南岛上，当然现在很多地方都有火龙台了。让人猜想的是，这些民乐是如何传输到火龙发射台的？是在磁带或CD上录好了反复播放的民乐节目然后在发射台播放，还是象其他广播节目一样是通过卫星传播的？

好吧，最终他们找到了秘密。他们在中星6B卫星上找到了民乐的信号，这个卫星上转发CNR中央人民广播电台的许多套节目。多数中央人民广播电台的节目是立体声的，然而只有中央人民广播电台第八套节目CNR8民族之声，就是播放哈萨克语、朝鲜语、蒙古语、藏语和维吾尔语的这个台，是用的单声道播音的。这个民族之声的广播可以在中星6B卫星上标记为"Lzh8Rdjy"的转发器的左声道上听到，而在右声道上就是传送火龙电台的音频！

参考资料：

http://swling.com/blog/2013/01/marks-studio-version-of-firedrake/

http://www.satdirectory.com/firedrake.html

Firedrake - The source of China's Radio Jammer found on Chinasat 6B 

Some countries fear a free flow of information through the media and often go to extraordinary lengths to ensure they maintain control over the distribution of news and information in their nation. While some governments are kept busy building media firewalls or other barriers to stop outside information being received by their citizens, other groups are just as determined to allow their views to be heard behind these barriers.

Information can be diluted or restricted by many different methods. Some information is controlled via a relatively "light" non-technical approach, other "heavy" techniques use various technologies to jam or completely stop the flow of the information considered subversive.

An example of a 'light" approach to control a media outlet may be the ridiculing of Al-Jazeera by senior members of the USA government. The anti Al-Jazeera campaign in the USA has led many in that nation to consider the broadcaster as an evil mouthpiece for Islamic terrorists and not ideal viewing by patriotic Americans. Meanwhile outside of the USA some view the station as un-biased and a shining example of a balanced media organisation.

A "heavier" approach may include national restrictions and censorship of the Internet or jamming of radio and television transmissions that do not align to a particular belief. Two groups that definitely don't see eye-to-eye when it comes to beliefs is the government of the Peoples Republic of China and the followers of Falun Gong. Both parties have been accused of  being players in a constant war to control the delivery of information, and interestingly part of the war is being played out over satellites.

Falun Gong - Satellite Hackers?

2007 is seeing a massive reorganisation of the domestic radio and television services delivered by satellite links in China. Over recent years the Chinese have been exposed to an embarrassing series of hijacks of these satellite links. The hijacks have seen the official evening news from Beijing being replaced by Falun Gong programming.  For many years the AsiaSat, Sinosat and Apstar platforms have been used to distribute media across mainland China. As a result of the hijackings the services are now shifting on mass to two new satellites, Chinasat 6B and Sinosat 3. The new satellites have been built with systems that are designed to prevent the hacking of the services.

Chinasat 6B also plays another important role in the war of control of the Falun Gong, it is the source delivering the dreaded Firedrake Jammer to Chinese Radio Jamming transmitter sites.

Firedrake Jammer

The Falun Gong's shortwave radio station The Sound of Hope is the main method of reaching their supporters in mainland China. Sound of Hope programs allege persecution and torture by the Peoples Republic of China, and as you might expect, the Chinese go to incredible efforts to ensure the station is basically impossible to listen to by jamming the station.

The Chinese Firedrake Jammer (also known as FireDragon) is a powerful transmitter that sits on top of the same frequency as the Sound of Hope. Firedrake covers the Falun Gong programming with loud Chinese Classical Music featuring gongs, flutes and drums. The Firedrake music is so intense that it usually completely dominates the frequency with the Falun Gong program underneath it becoming unintelligible.

Shortwave Radio Enthusiasts and Ham Radio operators have been watching China's Firedrake with interest. They believe that the primary Firedrake transmitter location is on Hainan Island off the coast of Southern China, however it is believed that there may be other transmitter sites also in use. It has also been noted that the Firedrake audio is a one hour loop with no announcements. This got us thinking at Satdirectory; how does the Firedrake programming get to the transmitter site? Is it delivered by a tape or CD on repeat, or is it like most other Chinese radio, delivered by a satellite link to the transmitter?

Well, a search with our 3 meter dish has found Firedrake! The audio is transmitted on Chinasat 6B within the China National Radio (CNR) satellite feed circuits. Many of the China National Radio feeds are in stereo, however one channel that is solely mono is CNR 8 - The Voice of the Minorities broadcast which features programs in the Kazakh, Korean, Mongolian, Tibetan and Uighur languages. The CNR 8 audio feed to the Chinese transmitter sites can be found on the left audio channel of a feed circuit labelled "Lzh8Rdjy". On the right audio channel of this feed is the audio for the Firedrake transmitters.

Following our discovery we tuned up a shortwave receiver to 17780 kHz which at the time also had the jammer running. The audio from the satellite feed and the shortwave radio were synchronised with no delay. This confirmed that the Firedrake shortwave transmitter site was also being fed by the same satellite feed, otherwise we would have expected a delay of a second or so due to the satellite uplink and downlink path delay when compared to the shortwave broadcast.

Satdirectory can confirm that the Firedrake audio program is exactly 60 minutes (down to the second actually) and we have made a full studio quality copy of the broadcast which can be made available on CD for study and academic use on request.

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PIC 1

We use our revolutionary Firedrake Signal to mask the evil poison of the Falun Gong.

Firedrake - the full 60 minute audio mix

Satdirectory has produced a full studio quality copy of the Firedrake Jammer Broadcast. The CD runs for exactly 60 minutes and is a true digital copy of the audio feeding the Firedrake transmitters. The CD is available for study and academic use on request. 

PIC 2

Please note: The Firedrake audio may be covered by copyright. Satdirectory has made reasonable efforts (without success) to try and determine the copyright owner of the Firedrake audio. Satdirectory has also attempted to contact the Chinese Radio Jamming operators to seek permission to reproduce the Firedrake audio.

Satdirectory is not selling the audio content on the Firedrake CD, it is supplying this content in good faith for educational purposes. There is however a small charge for postage, packing and duplicating costs of the CD.

Please address all enquiries to [e-mail]

Firedrake studio quality audio downloads

Listen to a four minute Firedrake sample as received from Chinasat 6B(WMA)

Download the full 60 minute Firedrake Program(192kbps MP3 in a ZIP - 90 MB)

PIC 3

Satdirectory's 3 meter mesh dish in Sydney Australia is used to receive digital audio feeds of the Firedrake Jammer.

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Firedrake

The Chinese Firedrake Jammer is a powerful transmitter that hijacks the frequencies of radio stations that China wishes to block. Firedrake  broadcasts loud Chinese Classical Music featuring gongs, flutes and drums leaving the other station being jammed unintelligible. This album features the full 60 minute recording of Firedrake, plus a discussion of the jammer with Keith Peron and Mark Fahey. Download the album (90MB ZIP File) ...

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