人要脸 书要皮

自19世纪开始，受大众识字率的上升和科技进步的启发，书籍从主要手工制作转变为大规模生产。在这种新的环境下，书籍封面变得更加重要:它不再仅仅只是起到对书页的保护功能，还成为了与读者交流和销售的关键媒介。

在过去，除了少数的书本会使用高级定制的设计封面(比如私人图书馆的刺绣封面)，大多数封面都采用的是纯皮革封面。从19世纪20年代开始，随着机械装订的兴起，这些旧的皮革封面被新的布面封面取代，布面不仅成本低廉，而且还可以印刷。在过去的几十年里，各式各样的封面印刷技术被采用:从压花到镀金再到多色平版印刷。书封设计也开启了一个全新的艺术创作领域。从下面展示的一些书封设计不难看出，别具一格的封面设计审美，在读者开启海量内容阅读之前便开宗明义，更从视觉上做到了引人入胜的效果。

Friedrich Christian Accum. A Treatise on Adulteration of Food and Culinary Poisons.London, Longman, 1823

George Eliot. Scenes of Clerical Life. 

William Blackwood‎ & Sons, 1857

Henry. E. Roscoe. Spectrum Analysis. London: 

MacMillan and Co, 1869 

John Lord Peck. Dress and Care of the Feet. New York: 

Fowler & Wells, 1871 

Jules Verne. From the Earth to the Moon. London, Sampson Low, Marston, Low, and Searle, 1873

Montague Browne. Practical Taxidermy. London: 'The Bazaar' Office, 1878

Ignatius Donnelly.Ragnarok: The Age of Fire and Gravel.New York, D. Appleton and Company, 1883

Charles Kingsley. The Water Babies. London: Macmillan and Co., 1886

Edward J. Goodman. Too Curious. London; Guildford: Bentley & Son, 1888

Evelyn Sharp. Wymps. New York & London: John Lane, 1897 

Andrew Lang. The Book of Dreams and Ghosts. London ; New York ; Bombay : Longmans, Green, 1897 

W. T. Horton. A Book of Images. London: T

he Unicorn Press, 1898 

Richard Bowdler Sharpe. Sketch-Book of British Birds. London: Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge,1898

Walter Crane. A Floral Fantasy in an Old English Garden. London: Harper, 1899

Charles Lamb. A Masque of Days. London: Cassell and Co., 1901 — Cover design by Walter Crane

Antal Radó. Költők Albuma. Budapest: Robert Lampel, 1904

Frances Trego Montgomery. On a Lark to the Planets. Akron: The Saalfield Publishing Co., 1904

Max Wolf. Die Milchstrasse. Leipzig :

Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1908 

Sir Robert Ball. The Story of the Sun. London: 

Cassell and Co., 1910

Clifton Johnson. Among English Hedgerows. New York, Macmillan Co.; London, Macmillan and Co., 1912 

Lord Dunsany. The Book of Wonder. London: William Heinemann, 1912 

Felix Schloemp. Das unheimliche Buch. Munich: 

Georg Mueller, 1914

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Ref:

1. Adam G.(2019), 'The Art of Book Covers(1820-1914)', Publicdomainreview: https://publicdomainreview.org/collection/the-art-of-book-covers-1820-1914