景观 | 那些唤起市民文化认同感的人气聚集型公共空间
关于 HASSELL
HASSELL是一家领先的国际设计专业公司，事务所遍布澳大利亚、中国、东南亚、英国及美国。人们如何使用与享受我们所设计的建筑与空间，是我们评判其成功与否的标准——即包括委托设计的客户，也包括使用建筑与空间的用户。优秀的设计旨在协助客户满足其需求、实现其目标，其意义还在于人们的体验，对建筑及空间内涵的体会，建立联结感与归属感。
01 悉尼达令港公共空间
Darling Harbour Public Realm
完成时间: 2018年
景观设计: HASSELL
地点: 澳大利亚
规模: 20公顷
图片: Simon Wood, Brett Boardman, HASSELL
Completed: 2018
Landscape Architecture Design: HASSELL
Location: Australia
Scale: 20 hectares
Images: Simon Wood, Brett Boardman, HASSELL
达令港改造是20年来悉尼城中最重要的城市更新计划——是重塑这一重要街区的“一次千载难逢的机会”。达令港片区现已成为由三幢壮观的独立建筑组成的悉尼国际会议中心(ICC Sydney)以及一家奢华酒店的所在地，新的综合体街区也即将亮相。HASSELL与新南威尔士州基础设施部及联实集团紧密合作，为整个20公顷的片区规划城市设计框架，使达令港公共空间更好地与城市相连，并提供人们聚集、放松以及游玩的新场所。
The transformation of Darling Harbour in Sydney, Australia, is the city’s most significant urban renewal initiative in 20 years – a once in a generation opportunity to remake a critical, central neighbourhood. The harbour-side precinct is now home to the International Convention Centre Sydney (ICC Sydney) comprising three exceptional new venues, a luxury hotel – and a new mixed-use neighbourhood is on the way. Working closely with iNSW and Lendlease, HASSELL delivered the urban design framework for the entire 20-hectare precinct and designed Darling Harbour’s public realm to better connect the city and offer new places for people to gather, relax and play.
以“人”为本是设计的核心，通过为公共绿地重新注入活力，整合景观及开放空间，融合水景、公共艺术品、广场及展演空 间，HASSELL打造了丰富的空间来举办各类活动，包括露天音乐会、马戏表演、市集摊位、以及街头表演等，此外也有简单的例如在浅浅的池子中和飞溅的水花嬉戏的场所。
HASSELL董事及景观设计负责人Angus Bruce说：“我们不仅希望能令初次来访的游客感到惊艳，也希望使用空间最多的当地上班族和居民们 能够感到满意，让他们愿意一再造访。” 升级后的人行道、骑行道以及公共交通网络让人们可以更方便地到达此片区，此前这里与邻近 的社区、海港以及悉尼市中心呈互不联通的状态。
People were firmly at the heart of the design process. By reinvigorating parklands, integrating landscapes and open space and incorporating water features, public artworks, plazas and event spaces, HASSELL has created opportunities for events and activities as varied as open-air concerts, circus events, market stalls and busking – and simple pleasures like splashing in shallow pools.
“We wanted to both ‘wow’ first-time visitors and delight those who use the space the most – the local community of workers and residents – and keep them coming back,” said Angus Bruce, HASSELL Principal and Head of Landscape Architecture.
整合的设计增强空间体验
达令港公共空间通过跨专业团队之间的紧密协作打造而成。这样，优美的设计融合公共景观， 加上因地制宜创作的艺术品与建筑的融合 — 使公共开放空间最大化、文化特征更突出、联接更紧密、视野更宽阔。
更多元的公共体验纳入了新的公共空间，如中式园林广场——谊园前的广场，浅浅的水池开放时可供孩子们玩耍，关闭时则的广场则可举办集市并放置活动日的装置。
An integrated design amplifies the spaces and experiences
Darling Harbour’s public realm was delivered through a close, interdisciplinary collaboration. This approach enabled an elegant design that integrates the public landscape and customised artworks with the architecture – maximising the public open space, cultural features, connectivity and views.
悉尼国际会议中心的三幢建筑风格鲜明而同统一，以连续的景观元素、平台以及材料作为基础。景观与周围环境无缝连接，无形中放大整个景观空间。与悉尼国际会议中心展览建筑的外立面的结合，形成阶梯型的景观，架高的活动平台及广阔的草地绿色屋顶由步行路径和平台相连，可纵观整个片区。
All three ICC Sydney buildings are united through their continuous landscape base, terraces and materials. The landscape blends seamlessly with the surrounds and encourages permeability of the wider area. It integrates with the ICC Sydney Exhibition building façade to deliver a terraced landscape, elevated event deck and expansive native grassland green roof, connected by pathways and platforms that overlook the precinct.
打造真实可持续的魅力公共场所
通过打造更为一体的互动新空间，升级现有场所，达令港已吸引了更多当地居民和游客的到来，为悉尼创造出持续的社会、经济以及环境价值。
海港拥有更多绿色，650棵新栽树木和9000平米的新增绿化空间，改善福利设施，并且通过大量种植各种本地植物，改善栖息地状态。紫薇花是对附近中国城的致敬。
Creating an authentic, captivating and sustainable public place
By creating more inclusive and engaging new places and improving existing locations, Darling Harbour’s appeal has increased with locals and visitors alike – generating ongoing social, economic and environmental benefits for Sydney.
A greener harbour with 650 new trees and 9,000sqm of additional green space, improving amenity and habitat through the extensive use of native species. Crepe myrtle has also been used as a nod to neighbouring Chinatown.
公共艺术品和景观的创作结合，均受到现场的历史及生态环境影响。
雕塑、音频及视频装置，以及包含600平米刻有原生花卉图形壁画呈阶梯状的景观，为片区增添了新的亮点以吸引人们前来。加上多个喷泉，包括翻新过的Woodward喷泉，体现了该地区的滨水特点。
The stories of Darling Harbour come alive through a wide range of curated artworks and interpretative landscape features inspired by the site’s history and ecology.
Sculptures, audio and visual installations, including a 600sqm mural of indigenous flora embedded in the walls of the terraced landscape, provide new points of fun and intrigue. And active water fountains, including the renovated Woodward Fountain, celebrate the waterfront location.
举办活动的场地由三个主要的公共场馆以及可容纳大量游客的开放活动空间——Tumbalong公园组成，公园较之前扩大了40%，配备了舞台、活动显示屏以及更好的灯光效果。
互联的片区通过扩宽的道路系统来达成，包括一条林荫大道——长680米，两旁种植着尤加利树，作为整个片区的主要亮点，延伸的人行道连接起中央车站及科克湾。
A dynamic events destination with three major public venues and Tumbalong Park as a high-capacity, open-air event space – now 40 per cent bigger and complete with a stage, event screen and improved lighting.
A connected precinct with an enhanced network of lanes and streets, including The Boulevard – a 680m-long, Eucalypt-lined promenade that anchors the entire site and extends the pedestrian connections between Central Station and Cockle Bay.
该改造项目还呼应了悉尼市更大范围的开放空间可持续目标，通过结合水敏性城市设计解决方案、绿化空间以及更好的步行体验来实现。悉尼内城由此新增了30%的公共空间，同时该项目受到了澳大利亚绿色建筑委员会六星绿星社区的评级。
重获生机的公共空间将达令港变成了全球最佳的生活、学习、聚会及娱乐空间之一，人们会一再的造访此地。
The transformation project also embraces the City of Sydney’s wider sustainability goals for open spaces through integrated WSUD solutions, green spaces and improved walkability. It has delivered 30 percent more public space for Sydney’s inner-city, and has received a 6 Star Green Star Communities rating from the Green Building Council of Australia.
The revitalised public realm is turning Darling Harbour into one of the world’s best places to live, learn, meet and be entertained – a place that people want to return to, time and again.
总平面图 Plan
设计分析 Design Analysis
悉尼达令港已成功入围2018年世界建筑节景观——城市项目类别
The redevelopment of Sydney’s Darling Harbour has been shortlisted in the 2018 World Architecture Festival awards in the Landscape – Urban Projects category.
02 珀斯体育场公园及雪佛龙公园
Stadium Park & Chevron Parkland
完成时间: 2017年
建筑设计: HASSELL / Cox / HKS
地点: 澳大利亚
图片: Peter Bennetts
Completed: 2017
Architecture Design: HASSELL / Cox / HKS
Location: Australia
Images: Peter Bennetts
体育场公园位于西澳大利亚珀斯波斯伍德半岛，新近落成的Optus珀斯体育场便坐落于此。由HASSELL设计、占地41公顷的公园为这一世界级的体育娱乐场馆创造了美不胜收的公共空间，同时也为珀斯当地社区和游客全年无休地提供了一系列令人印象深刻的娱乐设施。
Stadium Park on the Burswood Peninsula in Perth, Western Australia is home to the city’s new Optus Stadium. The 41-hectare precinct, designed by HASSELL, provides a stunning parkland setting for the world-class sports and entertainment venue, as well as an impressive array of casual recreational facilities for Perth’s community, and visitors, to enjoy year-round.
视频 Video
体育场公园内的一大亮点为雪佛龙公园，占地2.6公顷的自然游乐空间让家人和儿童更亲近环境，并帮助他们与这片被原住民社区称作“努加国”的土地上的原住民文化遗产建立联系。
更重要的是，体育场公园项目修复了天鹅河东岸的这处重要场地，这里曾一度是城市的垃圾堆放地，而现在已转型为集风光宜人的步道、骑行道、灵活的活动和游乐空间及地标性公共艺术品为一体的公共场所。
A major attraction within the precinct is Chevron Parkland, a 2.6-hectare nature-play space that’s designed to engage children and families with the natural environment and connect them with the indigenous cultural heritage of this land known to the Aboriginal community as ‘Whadjuk Noongar’ country.
Significantly, the Stadium Park development has rehabilitated this prominent site on the eastern foreshore of the Swan River – once a waste ground of the city – to provide a collection of scenic promenades, cycle paths, and flexible event and play spaces, filled with landmark public artworks.
修复体育馆公园——营造安全健康的游乐环境
体育场公园基地过去是污水处理厂、水泥厂和垃圾站所在地，因此多年来这片场地经历了严重的环境退化。雪佛龙公园的所在地也曾面临挑战，由于位处河流和湖泊之间，这里易于产生地质不稳定及洪水灾害等问题。
设计师对整个场地进行了修复，从而保障当地社区和野生生物的安全。将污染物限制在休眠土壤层、减少施肥和表层水的生态过滤均改善了土壤及水土中的微生物。场地的洪水泛滥因一系列人工土堆及起伏地形得到缓解。主要的游乐装置设在百年一遇洪水警戒线上，并且通过深埋的桩基加固。
Rehabilitating Stadium Park – creating safe and healthy foundations for fun
The Stadium Park site had endured significant environmental degradation over many years, due to its past uses as a sewerage treatment facility, cement works and rubbish tip. The Chevron Parkland site presented its own challenges, with its location between the river and the lake making it prone to geological instability and flooding.
Designers rehabilitated the entire site, making it safe for the community and local wildlife. The capping of contaminants in latent soils, reduction of fertiliser use, and bio-filtering of surface water has improved the micro-organisms found in both the soil and the water. Site flooding has been mitigated through the creation of a series of mounds and undulations; with key play structures situated above the 1-in-100-year flood level and incorporating deep pile footings.
雪佛龙公园由六个主要区域组成，分别代表了努加（Noongar）的六季——Djeran、Makuru、Djilba、Kambarang、Birak及Bunuru， 再由组合植栽、所用材料、自然游乐主题及教育标识元素得以呈现。另外，还有14件公共艺术品点缀于景观中，其中有十件作品由原住民艺术家创作，八位来自当地Whadjuk社区。
Chevron Parkland comprises six key zones, each representing one of the Noongar seasons – Djeran, Makuru, Djilba, Kambarang, Birak and Bunuru – through planting palettes, materiality, nature-play themes, and interpretive educational signage. A collection of 14 public artworks is also woven through the landscape. Ten of these works are by indigenous artists, with eight of the artists from the local Whadjuk community.
雪佛龙公园的另一设计主旨是创造一片广阔的城市树林，各年龄层的孩子都能充分亲近自然，在灌木丛里安全游乐，自在漫步。
“我们希望孩子们在雪佛龙公园中发掘对自然的热情。更理想的是他们能成为公园的主人，移动摆放树枝石块，堆起堡垒和小屋，踏出新的小径，搭起瞭望台，挖出秘密据点等，逐渐塑造出公园独具一格的特色。”HASSELL资深景观设计主管Hannah Galloway说。
Another key objective of the Chevron Parkland design was to create an expansive area of urban bushland, where children of all ages can play safely with opportunities to roam free, fully immersing themselves in the natural environment.
“We want children to discover their passion for nature at Chevron Parkland. Ideally, they will become the stewards of the park – shaping its evolving character through the migration of sticks and stones, the building of forts and cubbies, and forming new paths, lookouts and dens,” said Hannah Galloway, Senior Associate at HASSELL.
为了鼓励互动、激发创意，设计师设置了一系列自然游乐区域来开展随心随性或精心组织的活动，包括攀爬、平衡、隧道、放松等游乐元素，还设置了沙坑和瞭望台。每个区域之间采用原生植物进行分隔，在各类活动间营造探索冒险的感觉。
在更大的体育场公园中，设计师规划了更有组织性的感官游乐空间，在其中配备了乐器、蹦床、攀岩绳索等设施。一条设置了顶棚的路径连起新体育场站与天鹅河、必和必拓剧院、儿童游乐场、野餐区以及在无比赛日可供公共使用的社区体育场。
To encourage engagement and creativity, a series of nature-play zones were created offering a mix of structured and unstructured activities. They include various climbing, balancing, tunnelling and ‘chill out’ elements, with sand pits and lookouts. Each zone is separated by indigenous planting, creating a sense of discovery and adventure between activities.
The wider Stadium Park also incorporates a more structured sensory play-space with musical instruments, trampolines, climbing ropes and more. A community arbour links the new HASSELL-designed Stadium Station to the Swan River, BHP Amphitheatre and Boardwalk, playgrounds and picnic areas, and a community sports oval is available for public use on non-game days.
设计引入了数千种原生植物，营造出美丽的自然景观，与天鹅河对岸的壮丽城景遥相呼应。公园、河流及河岸的回归自然为当地特有的昆虫、鱼类以及鸟类提供了栖息地及食物，包括濒危鸟类黑凤头鹦鹉赖以生存的食物。针对当地的动物群种植的本地野花则可以促进整个区域植物的交叉授粉。
风险顾问及皇家生命救护组织对滨水游乐区进行了评估，针对规划的路径定位、水岸生物工程、滨水长椅设置、视线、标识及监控系统设置方面提出了指导意见。
The design has introduced thousands of native plants creating a beautiful native setting with spectacular vistas across the river to the city. This naturalisation of the parkland and its lake and river edges, provides habitat and food for endemic insects, fish and bird life – including species suitable for foraging by the endangered Black Cockatoo. Native wildflower planting for endemic fauna also supports the cross pollination of plant life throughout the area.
Risk consultants and the Royal Life Saving Society assessed the waterside play area – informing our positioning of pathways, bio-engineering to water edges, benching of banks, sightlines, signage and CCTV.
“珀斯体育场的典型特色是其位于体育场公园之中。公园里有各种开展社区体育、休闲娱乐和举办活动的空间和场所等。一年365天，这里总有一处适合你。”Galloway说。
Optus珀斯体育场彻底转变了大型体育赛事及文艺演出的观看体验，重塑了珀斯这座澳大利亚城市及其城市景观。
位于西澳大利亚的Optus珀斯体育场是一座多功能场馆，能同时容纳六万名观众。每项设计均是为了能达成同一个愿景——即为每场比赛或活动打造无以伦比的体验。
“One of the new stadium’s defining qualities is that it’s set within a park. The parklands are full of engaging places and spaces for community sports, relaxation, entertainment, events and more. There’s something for everyone 365 days of the year.” said Galloway.
Optus Stadium is transforming the way fans experience major sport and entertainment events, re-shaping this Australian city and its landscape in the process.
Every design decision for the multi-purpose, 60,000-seat Optus Stadium in Western Australia was about achieving a singular vision – an unsurpassed visitor experience every time, every event.
由HASSELL、Cox建筑事务所和HKS体育与娱乐设计公司共同协作完成的革新设计极具当地辨识度，场馆的建筑形式及景观风貌均反映出西澳大利亚州引以为豪的体育、文化及土著传统。
The stadium’s innovative design – a collaboration between HASSELL, Cox and HKS – feels distinctly local, with architecture and landscaping that reflect the state’s proud sporting, cultural and Aboriginal heritage.
“为真正的爱好者们而设的体育场”是设计的首要考虑：
- “碗”状建筑造型令球迷/歌迷们在体育场的任何位置都拥有绝佳视野
- 国内文娱设施中座位跨度最大的
- 橄榄球模式可容纳六万人，长方模式下可容纳六万五千人，演唱会模式下最多可容纳七万人
- 可举办任何类型的活动——不论是澳式足球、板球、橄榄球还是英式足球，或是演唱会及其它大型文娱活动
A stadium for fans – first and foremost
- ‘Bowl’ configuration gives fans great views from anywhere in stadium
- Widest range of seating and hospitality options in the country
- Seats 60,000 (Australian Rules Football mode), 65,000 in rectangular mode and up to 70,000 in concert mode
- Suits all events – from Australian Rules football, cricket, rugby and soccer to concerts and other major entertainment
基于场地特征的设计，旨在成为“西部最佳”
- 醒目的古铜色外立面——阳极氧化铝涂层——展现了西澳独特的地质
- 世界一流的LED灯光系统，夜幕降临时能变幻出东道主队的颜色
- 轻量织物打造的体育场顶部覆盖了85%的座位，应对当地炎热晴朗的气候
- 穿过天鹅河直抵市中心的绝佳视野
- 片区内周边的景观设计突出了该地区的土著历史与文化
A place-based design drawing on ‘the best of the west’
- Striking bronze facade – in anodised aluminium – reflects WA’s unique geology
- State-of-the-art, world-first LED lighting captures home-team colours at night
- Lightweight fabric roof covers 85 percent of seats in this hot, sunny climate
- Spectacular vista across the Swan River to the city centre
- Precinct landscape highlights area’s Aboriginal heritage and culture
数码时代的设施
- 澳大利亚最大的两个“超级屏幕”（340平米）展示了最前沿的科技
- 内部空间设有超过1000块屏幕，保证不间断的直播覆盖
- 体育场实现无线网络全覆盖
A facility for the digital age
- Two of Australia’s largest ‘super screens’ (340sqm) feature latest technology
- Over 1,000 screens across the interior allow for uninterrupted coverage
- Full Wi-Fi capability throughout the stadium
平面图 Plan
水系分析 River Analysis
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