【中国论坛热词解码】（第70期）斯里兰卡经济危机引发紧张局势
今年以来，受疫情、乌克兰危机以及其本国经济模式的叠加影响，斯里兰卡粮食、油气、药品等严重短缺，食品价格大幅上涨，通货膨胀不断加剧，经济濒临崩溃。这个拥有2200万人口的印度洋岛屿国家陷入自1948年独立以来最严重的经济危机。据新加坡《联合早报》网站7月6日报道，斯里兰卡总理维克拉马辛哈表示，斯里兰卡已经破产，这场史无前例的经济危机将至少持续到2023年底。
Sri Lanka’s caretaker Prime Minister Ranil Wickremesinghe has declared his country “bankrupt.”
斯里兰卡临时代理政府总理维克拉马辛哈宣布他的国家“破产”。
（英文摘自2022.07.13 Independent Newspapers网站）
It was in May this year that Wickremesinghe was brought back in from political near-obsolescence to be Sri Lanka’s caretaker president, as the country grappled through its worst economic crisis since independence.
就在今年5月，维克拉马辛哈在政治上几乎被遗忘的状态中被拉回来，成为斯里兰卡临时代理总统，因为该国正在努力应对自独立以来最严重的经济危机。
（英文摘自2022.07.18 The Guardian 网站 ）
▲图片来源：The Korea Times
This precarious situation was compounded by this year’s surge in oil prices – a key commodity import – and rising US interest rates. The central bank simply did not have the firepower to defend the Sri Lankan rupee against these global pressures and the currency has collapsed by more than 40% against the dollar so far this year.
今年石油价格的飙升——一种关键的商品进口——和美国利率的上升使这种不稳定的局面更加复杂。中央银行根本没有火力来保护斯里兰卡卢比免受这些全球压力的影响，今年到目前为止，该货币对美元的汇率已经暴跌了40%以上。
（英文摘自2022.07.14 US Official Monetary and Financial Institutions Forum 网站）
Earlier, the Rajapaksa government had held off talks with the International Monetary Fund (IMF) over a rescue plan despite the precarious economic situation.
此前，尽管经济形势岌岌可危，但拉贾帕克萨政府一直搁置与国际货币基金组织（IMF）关于救援计划的谈判。
（英文摘自2022.07.11 CGTN 网站）
Months of protests in Sri Lanka over soaring inflation, shortages of food and fuel and lengthy power cuts have toppled the government in the South Asian nation and led to its first sovereign debt default since gaining independence from Britain in 1948.
斯里兰卡因通货膨胀率飙升、食品和燃料短缺以及长期停电而发生的数月抗议活动推翻了这个南亚国家的政府，并导致其自1948年从英国获得独立以来的首次主权债务违约。
（英文摘自2022.07.14 The Washington Post 网站）
Sri Lanka is currently in an economic and political crisis of mass proportions, recently culminating in a default on its debt payments. The country is also nearly at empty on their foreign currency reserves, decreasing the ability to purchase imports and driving up domestic prices for goods.
斯里兰卡目前正处于大规模的经济和政治危机中，最近还出现了拖欠债务的情况。该国的外汇储备也几乎告罄，购买进口商品的能力下降，并推动国内商品价格上涨。
（英文摘自2022.07.18 World Economic Forum 网站）
▲图片来源：CGTN
With his earlier proposal for an IMF-centric “aid consortium” likely to face hurdles owing to the West’s overbearing approach to human rights issues targeting Sri Lanka, another India-centric Asia grouping may hold the answer with China, Russia, and the West chipping in, too.
由于西方在针对斯里兰卡的人权问题上采取了专断的做法，他早先提出的以国际货币基金组织为中心的“援助财团”的实施可能面临障碍，另一个以印度为中心的亚洲集团可能是答案，中国、俄罗斯和西方也会参与其中。
（英文摘自2022.07.02 India Observer Research Foundation 网站）
Sri Lankan prime minister said Sri Lanka was also in discussions with India, Japan, and China about forming an aid consortium that could intervene if the IMF agreed to help Sri Lanka weather the crisis.
斯里兰卡总理说，斯里兰卡在与印度、日本和中国讨论组建一个援助财团，如果国际货币基金组织同意帮助斯里兰卡度过危机，该财团则可以介入。
（英文摘自2022.07.06 Business Insider 网站）
The Monetary Board has vested the Committee with the responsibility of recommending possible revival options or recommending liquidation for five failed finance companies if such revival options do not seem feasible.
斯里兰卡中央银行货币委员会已授权该委员会就可能的复兴方案提出建议，若五家破产金融公司的复兴方案不可行，委员会将建议进行清算。
（英文摘自2022.06.28 Colombo News 1st 网站 ）
An advisory committee established by the Monetary Board of the Central Bank of Sri Lanka has recommended liquidating five failed finance companies of which licenses have been either cancelled or suspended.
由斯里兰卡中央银行货币委员会成立的咨询委员会建议对五家破产的金融公司进行清算，这些公司的执照已经被取消或暂停。
(英文摘自2022.06.29 ColomboPage 网站）
编辑：蒋绍澄 审核：国佳、韩桦