Focus on Germany 17 | Natural Resources of Germany 德国的自然资源

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General Knowledge 概况

Germany has relatively few natural resources and depends mostly on imports, but it has abundant coal deposits and natural gas. Note that, Germany imports oil and natural gas from Russia, although it has abundant natural gas reserves of its own.  

德国自然资源相对较少，主要依靠进口，但它拥有丰富的煤炭和天然气资源。值得注意的是，德国虽然拥有丰富的天然气储备但是它从俄罗斯进口石油和天然气。

Let's see other natural resources that are available in Germany.

下面我们看看德国的其他自然资源。

Image Source: Business recorder

Coal 煤

Germany has some of the largest coal reserves in the world,estimated to amount to 5% of the earth's coal reserve, it is the world's top producer of lignite. Germany halted the mining of hard coal and opted for cheaper alternatives from Russia, the US, Australia, and Colombia etc.

德国是世界上煤炭储量最大的国家之一，估计占全球煤炭储量的5%，是世界上最大的褐煤生产国。德国已停止开采硬煤，并选择从俄罗斯、美国、澳大利亚、哥伦比亚等国进口成本更低的替代品。

Natural Gas 天然气

Demand for natural gas in Germany is high. But its natural gas reserves are close to be depleted. It is only 8% self-sufficient in the production of natural gas and must import the rest of their supply.

德国对天然气的需求很高。但其天然气储量已接近枯竭。天然气的生产只能满足8%的需求，其余部分必须进口。

European softwood from Germany | Image Source: apptimber

来自德国的欧洲软木

Timber 木材

Germany ranks fifth in wood exports internationally. It has 150,000 timber companies with more than 1.2 million people employed in the sector.

德国的木材出口在国际上排名第五。它拥有15万家木材公司，雇佣了120多万名员工。

Arable Land 耕地

According to the World Bank, 34% of the land in Germany is arable. Agriculture contributed 4.3 billion euros to the German economy in 2018 alone. Crops grown in Germany are: potatoes, wheat, barley, sugar beets, fruit, beef, pork,  and cabbage.

根据世界银行的数据，德国有34%的土地可耕种。仅在2018年，农业就为德国经济贡献了43亿欧元。德国的农业产品有：土豆、小麦、大麦、甜菜、水果、牛肉、猪肉和卷心菜。

Uranium 铀

Although the uranium production sector was closed after Germany unification due to environmental impact, it is worth mentioning that East Germany produced close to 7000 tons of uranium annually. Having produced more than 230,000 tons of uranium, East Germany was ranked third in production of uranium.

由于环境影响，东西德合并后德国停止了铀的生产，但值得一提的是，当时东德每年生产近7000吨铀。东德总共生产了超过23万吨的铀，在铀产量上名列全球第三。

Copper 铜

Germany is ranked as the sixth in the production of refined copper and third in the consumption of copper internationally. Refined copper is dominated by Aurubis who also dominate production in the European Union.

德国的精炼铜生产排世界第六，而铜消费量在国际上名列第三。精炼铜最主要的生产商是阿鲁比斯，阿鲁比斯同时也是欧盟最主要的精炼铜生产商。

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