Top Companies and Industries in the US 美国最主要的公司和行业

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▲ 2018 Q3 statistics of the world’s top 50 tech companies

2018年第三季度全球科技50强企业统计

The main sources of income in the United States are retail, construction, foreign and local trade, IT, automotive and financial services. The United States of America imported US$ 3.1 trillion worth of goods from around the globe in 2019. 

主要收入来源零售业、建筑业、外贸和本地贸易、信息技术、汽车和金融服务业。在2019年，美国进口价值3.1万亿美元的货物。

All of the world's 10 largest companies as measured by market capitalization are American. Five of these companies are technology companies, two are financial companies, two are in consumer services, and one is in energy.

按市值来算，全球十大公司都是美国公司。其中5家是科技公司，2家金融公司，2家消费服务公司，1家能源公司。

Here are the top 10 companies (the market caps are as of May 2, 2019)

以下是排名前十的公司（市值截至2019年5月2日）

Apple苹果

In early May, 2019, Apple's market cap stood at $974.74 billion, and on Aug. 2, 2018, it surpassed a market cap of $1trillion, the first company in the world to do so. Apple's products include devices such as iPhones, iPads, Computers etc., and services such as iCloud and App Store. The late Steve Jobs cofounded Apple in 1976, but he was fired in1985 by the then CEO John Sculley. By 1997, Apple was near bankrupt company,but Steve Jobs returned as Interim CEO and he led Apple to become the world'stop company.

2019年5月初，苹果市值为9747.4亿美元，2018年8月2日，苹果市值突破1万亿美元，成为全球第一家突破市值一万亿的公司。苹果的产品包括iPhone、iPad、电脑等设备，以及iCloud和App Store等服务。已故的史蒂夫•乔布斯于1976年创立了苹果公司，但他在1985年被当时的首席执行官约翰•斯库利解雇。到1997年，苹果公司濒临破产，但史蒂夫•乔布斯（Steve Jobs）重新出任临时首席执行官，他将把苹果公司建成世界最有影响力的公司之一。

Alphabet

Alphabet owns Google's main business such as search engines, advertising, and a host of other new projects that are riskier. Those include such ventures as Verily Life Sciences, whose projects include a glucose-sensing contact lens; Calico, which focuses on biotech; driverless cars, and secretive lab Google X, plus investing units CapitalG and GV. Google has grown significantly since it went public in 2004.

Alphabet拥有谷歌的主要业务，如搜索引擎和广告以及许多风险更高的新项目。其中包括Verily Life Sciences（其项目包括一个葡萄糖感应隐形眼镜）、Calico（专注于生物技术）、无人驾驶汽车、秘密实验室Google X，以及投资部门CapitalG和GV。自2004年上市以来，谷歌一直在大幅增长。

Microsoft 微软

Microsoft's market cap stands at $987.74 billion. It was the world’s biggest company at the turn of the millennium and stays a steady presence in the ranks of the giants. The software company continues to make a successful transition away from its traditional mainstays toward cloud-based products and services, such as its Azure cloud services and Office 365. It constantly produces new software and updates of its Windows operating systems and client and server software.

微软的市值为9877.4亿美元。在千禧年之交，它是世界上最大的公司，并继续在巨型公司的行列中保持稳定。这家软件公司成功地从传统的主业转向云产品和服务，如其Azure云服务和Office 365。它持续生产新的软件，更新其Windows操作系统、客户机和服务器软件。

Amazon 亚马逊

Market cap $795.18 billion. Amazon's shares reached $2,000 per share in August 2018 for the first time. Shortly after ,Morgan Stanley analysts raised their 12-month price target on Amazon to $2,500 from $1,850, putting at an expected market cap $966.18 billion. The stock has climbed dramatically since it went public in 1997.

市值7951.8亿美元。2018年8月，亚马逊的股价首次达到每股2000美元。不久之后，摩根士丹利分析师将亚马逊12个月的目标价从1850美元上调至2500美元，预计市值为9661.8亿美元。该股自1997年上市以来已大幅攀升。

Berkshire Hathaway 伯克希尔哈撒韦

Market cap $537.50 billion. Warren Buffett's holding company reported record net income of $12 billion in the second quarter of 2018, as opposed to $4.26 billion in the same period in 2017. Warren Buffett, its famed CEO, is also known as one of the most successful value-style investors in investing history.

市值5375亿美元。沃伦·巴菲特的控股公司公布，2018年第二季度净收入达到创纪录的120亿美元，而2017年同期为42.6亿美元。巴菲特，其著名的首席执行官，也被称为投资史上最成功的价值型投资者之一。

Facebook 脸谱网

This social media giant's market cap is currently $557.97 billion. Facebook has the distinction of becoming the fastest company to reach $250 billion in market cap, having done so in about three and a half years since its initial public offering in May 2012. However, amid the Cambridge-Analytica privacy scandal, misinformation, bias, user data, and potential regulation, the company declined.

这家社交媒体巨头的市值目前为5579.7亿美元。自2012年5月首次公开募股以来，Facebook在大约3年半的时间里成为市值达到2500亿美元的最快公司。然而，由于剑桥分析隐私丑闻、错误信息、偏见、用户数据和潜在监管，该公司的信用和股价下降了不少。

JPMorgan Chase 摩根大通。

This bank currently has a market cap of $377.087 billion. Surviving the economic downturn that began in 2008, it now holds the title of the largest bank in the world. JPMorgan Chase has experienced rapid growth and is considered a main player in the country’s retail banking, investment banking, transaction banking, custody banking, and asset management spaces, steadily building these businesses over time.

该行目前的市值为3770.87亿美元。在2008年开始的经济衰退中幸存下来，它现在拥有世界上最大的银行的称号。摩根大通经历了快速增长，被认为是该国零售银行、投资银行、交易银行、托管银行和资产管理领域的主要参与者，随着时间的推移，这些业务稳步发展。

Bank of America 美国银行

This bank has a market cap of $292.00 billion. Second-quarter 2018 profits exceeded the $5.92 billion analyst expectations, arriving at $6.8 billion. The bank grew consumer and commercial loans, deposits, assets within its Merrill Edge business, took in more net new households in Merrill Lynch, and supported more institutional client activity, which has contributed to its overall upward climb.

这家银行的市值为2920亿美元。2018年第二季度利润达到68亿美元，超过了分析师预期的59.2亿美元。它在其美林边缘业务范围内增加了消费和商业贷款、存款、资产，吸纳了美林更多的新住户，并支持了更多的机构客户活动，这为其整体上升做出了贡献。

Johnson & Johnson 强生公司

With a current market cap of $377.04 billion, this manufacturer of medical devices, pharmaceuticals, and consumer goods posted stronger-than-expected earnings for the fourth quarter of 2018 despite struggling with a public scandal relating to allegations of asbestos in its popular baby powder product.

医疗器械、药品和消费品制造商公司，目前市为3770.4亿美元。尽管其颇受欢迎的婴儿奶粉产品涉石棉含量丑闻，但其2018年第四季度的盈利仍强于预期。

Exxon Mobil Corp 埃克森美孚

This international oil and gas corporation, which was formed by the merger of Exxon and Mobil in 1999, currently has a market capitalization of $327.776 billion.

这家国际石油天然气公司由埃克森和美孚于1999年合并而成，目前市值3277.76亿美元。

Aside from the top companies, we have the top 10 industries that make up a whopping 76.8% of the U.S. economy! In fact, if each of these industries were a country, they’d rank in the top 20 GDPs in the world.

除了顶级公司以外，还有前十大行业，他们占美国经济的比重高达76.8%！事实上，如果每一个行业都是一个国家，它们将跻身全球20强国。

Let’s Take a Closer Look

接下来我们仔细关注

Here are the 10 biggest industries in the United States economy:

以下是美国经济中十大行业：

Information: $807.9 billion and its GDP share is 4.6%.

信息：8079亿美元，GDP占比为4.6%。

This covers the broad fields of publishing, internet publishing, broadcasting, media, sound recording, motion pictures, and other information related industries.

这个包括出版、网络出版、广播、传媒、录音、电影等信息相关产业的广阔领域。

Manufacturing of nondurable goods: $954.8 billion and its GDP share is 5.5%

非耐用品制造业：9548亿美元，占国内生产总值的5.5%

This covers agriculture, textiles, apparel, petroleum and coal products, etc.

这包括农业、纺织、服装、石油和煤炭产品等。

Retail trade: $1,014 billion and its GDP share is 5.8%

零售贸易：10140亿美元，占国内生产总值的5.8%

Americans buy a lot of things on a daily basis, launching the retail industry onto the top 10 list, with motor vehicle sales and parts and food and beverage purchases being the top ones.

美国人每天都会买很多东西，把零售业推上了前十名的榜单，其中最主要的有汽车销售和零部件以及食品、饮料等。

Wholesale trade: $1,037.6 billion and its GDP share is 6.0%

批发：10376亿美元，占国内生产总值的6.0%

Before the things we buy get to stores, showrooms, and restaurants, they are wholesaled, which adds up to a more than $1 trillion industry every year.

我们购买的所有东西在进入商店、陈列室和餐馆之前，通过批发流通，这一行业每年总计超过1万亿美元。

Manufacturing of durable goods: $1,135.8 billion and its GDP share is 6.5%

耐用品制造业：11358亿美元，占国内生产总值的6.5%

The U.S. has seen a dip in homegrown manufacturing as companies move overseas, but all of the durable goods it use for building, infrastructure, machines, appliances, etc. is still a giant industry.

随着企业向海外转移，美国本土制造业出现了下滑，但用于建筑、基础设施、机器、家电等的所有耐用品仍然是一个巨大的行业。

Finance and insurance: $1,261.2 billion and its GDP share: 7.2%

金融和保险：12612亿美元，占国内生产总值的7.2%

Banks, insurance carriers, investment funds, etc. add up to about 1/14th of the US total economy, with the Federal Reserve Bank alone constituting 3.1% of the total GDP!

银行、保险公司、投资基金等加起来约占美国经济总量的1/14，仅美联储就占到了GDP总量的3.1%！

Professional and business services: $2,098.3 billion and its GDP share: 12.0%

专业和商业服务：20983亿美元，占国内生产总值的比重：12.0%

The business world, including the legal field, computer design, and other professional, scientific, and technical services adds up to the second-largest industry in the US economy.

商业领域，包括法律领域、计算机设计以及其他专业、科学和技术服务，构成了美国经济中的第二大产业。

Real estate including renting and leasing: $2,265.7 billion and its GDP share: 13.0%

房地产，包括出租和租赁：22657亿美元，占国内生产总值的13.0%。

Most people don’t realize that the realestate industry is the leading segment of the economy, adding up to 13% of the entire Gross Domestic Product. In fact, if you add in the mortgage and insurance industries to the real estate segment, these three are responsible for 20% of the entire economy!

大多数人没有意识到房地产业是美国经济的主导部分，占到了美国生产总值的13%。事实上，如果你把抵押贷款和保险业加到房地产领域，这三个行业就占了整个经济的20%！

But just being big doesn’t mean they’re making a lot of money as in the case with state and local governments, so how to rank the industries that are the most profitable? We can add up the annual revenues for the top firms in each sector. 

但仅仅做大并不意味着他们赚了很多钱（就像州政府和地方政府一样），那么如何对最赚钱的行业进行排名呢？我在这里用各行业顶尖公司的总年收入。

10 Most profitable industries in the United States economy

美国经济中最赚钱的10个行业

Advertising & Marketing

广告与营销

$8.3 billion in revenue for the 468 top advertising and marketing companies, showing that promoting and selling things can be just as lucrative as manufacturing them.

468家顶级广告和营销公司的收入为83亿美元，这表明推广和销售商品可以和制造商品一样有利可图。

Construction 建筑

232 of the top builders, contractors, and electrical companies took home $8.34 billion in sales.

232家顶级建筑商、承包商和电气公司实现了83.4亿美元的销售额。

Financial Services 金融服务

The most prominent 246 financial companies, banks, investment firms, etc. combined for $11.8 billion in revenues last year.

最著名的246家金融公司、银行、投资公司等的总收入总共为118亿美元。

Human Resources 人力资源

The top 203 human resources companies cashed in on $13 billion in profits.

203主要人力资源公司实现了130亿美元的利润。

Consumer Products & Services 消费品与服务

While this is a broad category, the top 226 companies brought home $14.4 billion last year.

本门类包容广泛，排名前226位的公司带来了144亿美元的收入。

Logistics & Transportation 物流与运输

Getting from Point A to Point B it sure is profitable, with the top 157 transportation or logistics firms earning $15.2 revenue last year.

从A点到B点肯定是有利可图的，前157家运输或物流公司收入为152美元。

Business Products & Services 商业产品和服务

Encompassing just about every role you could imagine from building mobile apps to wholesaling to restaurants, this sector saw $15.9 billion in profits last year.

几乎涵盖了你可以想象的所有角色，从开发移动应用程序到批发到餐馆，这个行业实现了159亿美元的利润。

IT Services 信息技术服务

While information tech and services ranks lower on the list of biggest industries in the U.S., it ranks number 2 overall in profits, with a stunning $17.5 billion in profits last year, led by companies like TRYFACTA, which provides cloud, big data, and IT services.

虽然信息技术和服务业在美国最大的行业排行榜上排名较低，但其整体利润排名第二，去年利润高达175亿美元，其中以提供云、大数据和信息技术服务的TRYFACTA等公司为首。

Health 医疗

Pharmaceutical manufacturing and sales, genetic testing, workplace drug testing, and all of the hospitals and medical services in the U.S. totaled $24.4 billion in revenues last year, making it the most profitable sector of its economy.

去年，美国的制药制造和销售、基因检测、工作场所药物检测以及所有医院和医疗服务的总收入达到244亿美元，成为美国经济中最赚钱的行业！

We now know which industries are the biggest and bring in the most total revenue, but which specific fields are earning the highest net margins?

我们现在知道哪些行业是最大的，带来的总收入最多，但哪些特定领域的净利润最高？

10 U.S. Industries with the highest netmargins

净利润率最高的10个美国行业

Major banks: 22.9% net margins last year

大型银行：去年净利润率22.9%

Regional banks: 23% net margins last year

地区银行：去年净利润率为23%

IT services: 24% net margins last year

IT服务：去年净利润率为24%

Savings banks: 24% net margins last year

储蓄银行：去年净利润率为24%

Biotechnology: 24.6% net margins last year

生物技术：去年净利润率为24.6%

Internet software and services: 25% net margins last year

互联网开发和服务：去年净利润率为25%

Major pharmaceutical companies: 25.5% net margins last year

主要制药公司：去年净利润率为25.5%

Tobacco: 27.2% net margins last year

烟草：去年净利27.2%

Investment managers: 29.1% net margins last year

投资经理：去年净利润率29.1%

Generic pharmaceutical companies: 30% net margins last year

仿制药公司：去年净利润率为30%

End

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